General Anatomy for Public Health Practical 3: Joints PDF
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Uploaded by HumorousThorium
American Intercontinental University
Rasha Mohamed Elshinety
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Summary
This document is a presentation on general anatomy for public health, specifically focusing on practical 3: joints. It explains what a joint is and describes different types of joints, including fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. The presentation also covers subtypes of cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints further categorized based on movement axes (uniaxial, biaxial, polyaxial, and plane). Finally, factors affecting joint stability are detailed.
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General anatomy for Public Health Practical 3: Joints By: Rasha Mohamed Elshinety; MD. PhD Professor of Human Anatomy & Embryology What is a joint? It is a point of meeting of two or more bones. Joints are divided according to the material...
General anatomy for Public Health Practical 3: Joints By: Rasha Mohamed Elshinety; MD. PhD Professor of Human Anatomy & Embryology What is a joint? It is a point of meeting of two or more bones. Joints are divided according to the material (tissues) separating the bones into: fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints. Types of joints: A- Fibrous joints The articulating bones are connected by fibrous tissue No movements B- Cartilaginous joints The articulating bones are onnected by cartilage No/ Limited movement C- Synovial joints It has a special structure Range of movement Fibrous joints: It is the point of meeting of two bones or more. The bones are connected by fibrous tissue. There is No movement in fibrous joints. Sutures Example: sutures of the skull. Peg and socket (gomphosis) Example: roots of teeth & the jaw. Syndesmosis Example: inferior tibio-fibular joint. Cartilaginous joints: It is the point of meeting of two bones or more. The bones are connected by cartilage. There is No/ limited movement in cartilaginous joints. Cartilaginous joints (subtypes): 1. Primary cartilaginous joints 2. Secondary cartilaginous joints (synchondrosis): (synchondrosis): The cartilage between the The cartilage between the bones is articulating bones is temporary. permanent. No movements. Limited movements. Example: the growing ends of long Example: all joints in the median bones. plane as those present between bodies of vertebrae. 1ry cartilaginous joints 2ndry cartilaginous joints Synovial joints: Synovial joints (subtypes): According to the number of axes around which the synovial joint moves; the synovial joints are subdivided into 4 subtypes: 1. Uniaxial 2. Biaxial 3. Polyaxial 4. Plane 1. Uniaxial synovial joints 2. Biaxial synovial joints: Ellipsoid joint 3. Polyaxial synovial joint: A ball articulates with a socket. Example: shoulder joint/ Hip joint. Movements wide range (flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation and circumduction). 4. Plane synovial joint: Two smooth flat surfaces. Movements: Gliding movements Example: Intercarpal joints. Factors affecting stability of the joints: 1- Bony factor: shape of articulating bone 2- Muscular factors: muscles that surround the joint 3- Ligamentous factor A- Name the joint colored in red B- Mention its type Suture Fibrous joint A- Name the joint B- Mention its type Epiphyseal plate Primary cartillagenous A- Name the joint colored in blue B- Mention its type Intervertebral discs Secondary cartillagenous A- Name the joint colored in green B- Mention its type Symphysis pubis Secondary cartilaginous A- Name the joint B- Mention its type Elbow joint Synovial, uniaxial, hinge A- Name the joint B- Mention its type Wrist joint Synovial, biaxial, ellipsoid A- Name the joint colored in green B- Mention its type Shoulder joint Synovial, polyaxial, ball and socket A- Name the joint colored in green B- Mention its type Hip joint Synovial, polyaxial, ball and socket
