Introduction to Art Appreciation PDF

INTRODUCTION ART APPRECIATION Ms. Dama Rose Dagolsapo  OBJECTIVE S After the completion of the chapter, students will able to: 1. understand the role of humanities and arts in man’s attempt at fully realizing his end; 2. clarify misconceptions the art; 3. characterize the...

INTRODUCTION ART APPRECIATION Ms. Dama Rose Dagolsapo  OBJECTIVE S After the completion of the chapter, students will able to: 1. understand the role of humanities and arts in man’s attempt at fully realizing his end; 2. clarify misconceptions the art; 3. characterize the assumptions of arts; and 4. engage better with personal experiences of and in art. WHAT IS ART? Art has been defined in various ways. Hereunder are some of the definitions given by various authors: 1. Art is derived from the Latin word ars, meaning “ability or skill.” -J.V. Estolas 2. Art is taken from the Italian word artis, which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness, and the associations that exist between form and ideas, between material and technique. –A. Tan 3. Art is a product of man’s need to express himself. -F. Zulueta 4. Art is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and 5. Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. –Plato 6. Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind –one which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping of matter to new and more significant form. –John Dewey 7. Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings emotions, or thoughts in a perfect meaningful and enjoyable way. –Panizo and Rustia The Nature of art: Art is very important in our lives. It constitutes one of the oldest and most important means of expression developed by man. Art has been existent since men have lived together. In fact, in nearly every country, art can be found in primitive societies. Art has been created by all people at all times; It has lived because it is liked and enjoyed. A true work of art is made by man himself not imitatively, but creatively. A true artist does not imitate nature but rather interprets it in his own way by selecting the essential features of the subject and rejecting the minor ones. 4 COMMON ESSENTIALS OF ART: 1) Art must be man-made; 2) Art must be creative not imitative; 3) Art must benefit and satisfy man and man must make use of art in practical terms; and 4) Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his fellows.  Art has a particular importance in our lives. All the art that we see and hear have a purpose; they occupy some place in our judgment. We can communicate through paintings, songs, dances, and dramatic plays to highlight and heighten the importance of certain events, keep them in memory and indulge in pleasure. We also build monuments to remind us of the heroic deeds of great men. Artworks are also valuable sources of inspiration. We are delighted by the books we read and moved by the music we hear. Paintings, sculpture, and plays capture our attention and stimulate critical thinking. Modern architectural designs inspire us to plan and construct our houses beautifully.  Through an artist’s work, we get a glimpse of the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of the people who lived in the period the artwork was produced and the external factors that influenced the artwork. We also value and appreciate beautiful things as a consequence of our encounter with the arts. Our aesthetic experiences can change our ways and behavior. They can transform us into highly-cultured, dignified, and respectable human beings. The arts can beautify our humanity. This explains why the arts is called HUMANITIES. It brings out the good and the noble in us. Through the arts, we come to know the changing image of man as he journeys across time, searches for the reality, and strives to achieve the ideals that create the meaning of life. The Subject of Art: In any art form- painting, music, sculpture, architecture, or dance- there is always a subject that serves as the foundation of the creation of the work of art. The subject of art is varied. A subject of art is usually anything that is represented in the artwork. It is varied- it may be a person, object, scene, or event. Object Person Scene or Event Artworks that depict something easily recognized by most people are called Representational or Objective arts. Examples: Painting Sculpture Graphics Arts Literature Theatre Arts Although some paintings and sculptures are without subjects. Music and dance may or may not have subjects. Non-representational or non-objective art: Art work that have no resemblance to any real subject. They do not represent anything and they are what they are. They rather appeal directly to the senses primarily because of the satisfying organization of their elements. Examples: Work that does not depict anything from the real world (figures, landscapes, animals, etc.) is called nonrepresentational. Nonrepresentational art may simply depict shapes, colors, lines, etc., but may also express things that are not visible – emotions or feelings for example.  THE FUNCTIONS OF ART The four main Functions of Art are: 1.Aesthetics Function- through art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature. He benefits from his own work and from those done by his fellowmen. He learns to use , love , and preserve them for his enjoyment and appreciation. Beauty * one of the innate qualities the “pretty art” can give is that it makes our dull, lifeless walls come to life. * something “alive” and dynamic to look at on something ordinary and common * beauty makes sense The Artists Garden of Vetheuil (Claude Monet 1880) 2. Utilitarian Function: With the creation of the various forms of art, man now lives in comfort and happiness. Through art, man is provided with shelter, clothing, food, light, medicine, beautiful surroundings, personal ornamentals, entertainment, language, transportation, and other necessities and conveniences of life. Art not only enriches man’s life but also improves nature through landscape gardening, creation of super-highways, and through propagation and conservation-of natural resources. Happiness and Hope Properties of Art: 1. When paintings are placed in a daunting ( fearful) environment such as hospitals the experience and process of creating art itself 2. The bliss (complete happiness) at a piece of imagery evoking a happy memory 3. Direct word from typography (letterpress printing) and graphic messages that are so relatable as if the author has read your mind and feelings. 4. Identifying oneself with the properties of an artwork: a homage to something; works addressing diaspora, displacement, and other social issues. Identity and Understanding the self * being the “me” generation – is also tagged as “anxious generation” * social issues; gender issues, disconnected brought by social media, regionalism, and even mental health issues How do you think art can be a tool to define such challenges? Do you agree that we need outside of us and tangible enough to define what we are feeling and struggling against? * ART can serve as a powerful toll to help us communicate and relay our confusion. Grief and Healing “The Ghost Library” (Rachel Whiteread) She used an experiential type of artistic expression (theme of place and memory) Artists have interpreted human Experiences in different ways which also process our grief, tool to express pain and process it, it plays an important role in making grieving somehow dignified. 3. Cultural Function- Through the printed matter, art transmits and preserves skills and knowledge from one generation to another. It makes man aware of his/her cultural background, making him/her more knowledgeable and his/her life more enduring and satisfying. Remembering and Mark-making *HOW DO YOU THINK HAS ART HELPED US REMEMBER? Rizal’s Monument Cloud Gate (Anish Kapoor) Angel of the North - Sustain our - A bean shaped, placed where ( Antony Gormley) nationalistic value the traffic of pedestrians is - The largest sculpture in the world usually heavy  Raising awareness Have you seen large sculpture effigies (those papier-mache-made-to-be-burned protest art) During rallies. A more subtle type of inducing Awareness can be observed in Architecture such as the stained glass Windows of gothic churches and even their Illuminated manuscripts. 4. Social Function- through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other. International understanding and cooperation are fostered and nations become more unified, friendly, cooperative, helpful, and sympathetic. culture and togetherness Forms of art are often localized so that they bring Identity also to certain regions. The Scope of Art Various authors classify arts in different ways. According to Manaois, there are (2) general dimensions of arts, namely: 1. Fine arts or Independent arts - made primarily for aesthetic enjoyment through the senses, especially visual and auditory. Examples: a. Music d. architecture g. drama b. Painting e. literature c. Sculpture f. dance a. Music art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or emotional expression. b. Painting the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities. the art or process of applying paints to a surface such as canvas, to make a picture or other artistic composition. c. Sculpture is a work of art that is produced by carving or shaping stone, wood, clay, or other materials. d. Architecture the art or practice of designing and building structures and especially habitable ones. e. Literature something in the form of writing or stories that have artistic and cultural value that displays the beauty of speech. f. Dance a performing art form. It transmits culture, emotions, tells stories and can be a testimony. 2. Practical arts or useful or utilitarian arts -intended for practical use. -it is the development of raw materials for utilitarian purposes. Examples: a. industrial art d. commercial art g. business art b. Applied or household art e. graphic art h. distributive art c. Civic art f. agricultural art i. fishery art a. Industrial arts shell-craft, bamboo-craft, leather-craft, shoe-making, pottery- making, sheet-metalwork, and manufacture of automobiles, home appliances and television sets. b. Applied or household arts furniture, carpets, tapestry, embroidery, batik, jewelry, precious metalwork, pottery, goldsmithing, basketry, mosaic art, and glassware. c. Civic arts architecture, public spaces, monuments, urban design, and landscape of a city. d. Commercial arts can be in the form of advertising, branding, logos, graphic design, and illustrations. Fine art covers paintings, sculptures, printmaking e. Graphic arts calligraphy, photography, drawing, painting, printmaking, lithography, typography, serigraphy (silk-screen printing), computer graphics, and bindery. f. Agricultural arts horticulture, aquaculture, dairy farming, organic farming, poultry, vermiculture and market gardening. g. Business arts Painting and sculpture, Greeting cards, Candles, Antique curation, Art consultant, Graphic design, Calligraphy, Tattoo artist. h. Distributive arts packaging, marketing, warehousing, advertising and shipping of manufactured goods. i. Fishery arts food processing, fish wharf operation, fish production. Josefina Estolas(1995) grouped arts into major and minor arts. Major arts include: painting, architecture, sculpture, literature, music and dance. Minor arts include: decorative arts, popular arts, graphic arts, plastic arts, and industrial arts. She also grouped arts into: Visual Arts (graphic arts, plastic arts); Performing arts (theatre, play, dance, music); Literary arts (short story, novel, poetry, drama); Popular arts (film, newspaper, magazine, radio, television); Gustatory art of the cuisine (food preparation, beverage preparation); and decorative arts or applied arts (beautification of houses, offices, cars, and other structures). Panizo and Rustia (1995) classified into two (2) major divisions: 1. According to purpose 2. According to media and forms Arts that are classified according to purpose fall into (5) categories: 1. Practical arts or useful art- are directed to produce artifacts and utensils for the satisfaction of human needs. Examples: handicrafts (basket weaving, mat weaving, embroidery, ceramics, iron and metal crafts, and tin can manufacturing. 2. Liberal Arts- are directed toward intellectual growth, such as in the study of Psychology, philosophy, literature, mathematics, and science. 3. Fine Arts- are focused towards creative activity for the contemplation of the mind and the upliftment of the spirit. Examples: paintings, sculpture, and architecture, 4. Major Arts- characterized by actual and potential expressiveness such as music, poetry and sculpture. 5. Minor Arts- concerned with practical uses and purposes, such as interior decoration and porcelain art. 2. According to media and forms are divided into five types: 1. Plastic Arts- are work which exist in a physical space and perceived by the sense of sight. (sculpture and decorative materials) 2. Kinetic arts- involve the element of rhythm. (dance is a popular type of kinetic arts) 3. Phonetic arts- utilize sounds and words as mediums of expression. (music, drama, and literature). 4. Pure arts- take only one medium of expression like sound in music and color in painting. 5. Mixed arts- take more than one medium such as the opera which combines music, poetry, and drama.