GE-NST 101 LEC WEEK 1.docx

**NSTP-CWTS FOUNDATIONS FOR NATION BUILDING** I. Historical account II. Legal perspective A. 1987 Philippine constitution 1. Article II: Declaration of principles and state policies 2. Article III: Bill of Rights B. RA 8491: Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines of 1998 C. RA 9163: NSTP...

**NSTP-CWTS FOUNDATIONS FOR NATION BUILDING** I. Historical account II. Legal perspective A. 1987 Philippine constitution 1. Article II: Declaration of principles and state policies 2. Article III: Bill of Rights B. RA 8491: Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines of 1998 C. RA 9163: NSTP Act of 2001 1. Policy declaration 2. Components (based on implementing rules and regulations for enhanced minimum standards) 3. Panlaang Hukbo ng Pambansang Paglilingkod a. Legal Mandate (SBNU vs CBNU) b. NSRC Organogram and Manning c. NSRC Mobilization ------------------------ **HISTORICAL ACCOUNT** ------------------------ *Spanish Years* - Training course similar to ROTC at Universidad de Sto. Tomas - It was called military services before +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **1935** | - ***Commonwealth Act 1: | | | National Defense Act*** | | | | | | - [Purpose:] to | | | create an Independent | | | Philippine Army, a move | | | interrupted by the outbreak | | | of WW2 | | | | | | - Commonwealth Act was led by | | | *Manuel Quezon.* | | | | | | - This act was passed by the | | | Philippine National Assembly | | | on December 21, 1935. | +===================================+===================================+ | **ROTC During WW2** | - Called to be part of the army | | | in the battlefield | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Post War Training** | - ROTC was mandatory for all | | | colleges and universities so | | | this required curricular | | | change. | | | | | | - For men only | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **1980** | - ***Presidential Decree 1706 | | | "National Service Law"*** | | | | | | - Mandated - Compulsory | | | National Service for every | | | Filipino Citizen | | | | | | - Issued by President | | | Ferdinand E. Marcos | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **1986 -- 1987** | - ***Presidential Memorandum | | | Order No. 1*** | | | | | | - Suspension of the | | | implementation of National | | | Service Law except for ROTC | | | | | | - Reserve Officers Training | | | corps (ROTC) changed to BROTC | | | (Basic ROTC) | | | | | | - Suspended by *President | | | Corazon Aquino* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **1991** | - ***RA 7077 -- Citizen Armed | | | Forces of the Philippines | | | Reservist Act*** | | | | | | - Modified Basic ROTC to | | | Expanded ROTC | | | | | | - Military subject in 1^st^ | | | year college & any of the 3 | | | components (MS, CWS, LES) in | | | 2^nd^ year | | | | | | - All Filipino citizens | | | | | | - Reservist of Department of | | | National Defense after ROTC | | | | | | - Has 2 sections: | | | | | | **SECTION 23:** to maintain | | | standing or regular armed forces | | | | | | **SECTION 34:** maximum | | | opportunity to participate in | | | national defense | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **2001** | - March 18, 2001 resulted to a | | | death of 19 year old | | | engineering students from UST | | | (Mark Chua) | | | | | | - Protests to abolish ROTC | | | | | | - Abolished after former | | | president Gloria Macapagal | | | Arroyo signed the **NSTP Law | | | -- RA 9163 on January 23, | | | 2002** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- **3 COMPONENTS OF PD 1706 "NATIONAL SEVICE LAW" IMPLEMENTED ON 1980** ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. **Civil Welfare Service (CWS)** - Focused on health education, livelihood, community immersion - Best for medical students 2. **Law Enforcement Service (LES)** - Out of school youth, education, and literacy - Teach those youth outside school - Best for teachers 3. **Military Service (MS)** - Known as Military Training - Used to be known as Citizenship Advancement Training (CAT) - Best for criminology, aircraft, marine ---------------------------------- **1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION** ---------------------------------- - Has 2 articles: Article II and Article III - The preamble introduces the constitution by explaining the goals and purpose of the document ------------------------------------------------------------------------- **3 BRANCHES OF THE COMMISSION UNDER THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION** ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. **COMELEC --** facilitates in local and national elections 2. **COMMISSION ON AUDIT --** guards the fund in our country 3. **CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION --** focused on making sure that there are no personal interests involved to the politicians or any employee in the government. - Will result to impeachment if proven right +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION** | | | | **ARTICLE II** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - Constitutional Provisions Governing National Service and the Role of the Youth in Nation Building - Talks about the equality, equity of justice, cooperation, and love between countries -------------------------------------------------------------- **2 SECTIONS OF THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSITUTION ARTICLE II** -------------------------------------------------------------- 1. **SECTION 4 --** protect and serve the people (may be called upon for military and civil service) 2. **SECTION 13 -** the vital role of the Youth in nation building ------------------------------- **GUIDING PRINCIPLE OF NSTP** ------------------------------- - Require each citizen to render personal military or civil service ------------------------------------------ **ROLE OF THE YOUTH IN NATION BUILDING** ------------------------------------------ - Form a government based on the values of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION** | | | | **ARTICLE III** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - Concept of a **Bill of Rights** - "A declaration and enumeration of a person's rights and privilege which the Constitution is designed to protect against violation by the government or by individual or groups of individuals. It is a charter of liberties for the individual and a limitation upon the power of the State." ---------------------------------------------- **SECTION II OF ARTICLE III BILL OF RIGHTS** ---------------------------------------------- - No personal shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. ------------------------------------------- **3 CLASSES OF RIGHTS UNDER ARTICLE III** ------------------------------------------- 1. **Natural Rights** - The rights to use the natural resources - Rights which are possessed by every citizen without being granted by the State for they are given to man by God as a human being so that they may live a happy life 2. **Constitutional Rights** - Rights which are conferred and protected by the constitution. - The constitution needs to be followed 3. **Statutory Rights** - Rights which are provided by laws promulgated by the law-making body and may be abolished by the same body. --------------------------------------------- **CLASSIFICATIONS OF CONSITUTIONAL RIGHTS** --------------------------------------------- 1. **Political rights** - Include natural justice in law - The right to participate in the political process - The right to vote and elect representatives 2. **Civil rights** - Private individual - Have the freedom to use their own money - Guarantees of equal social opportunities and protection under the law, regardless of race, religion, etc. a. **Social and economic rights** - The rights to established a business as long as it follows the right procedures (DTI, Business permit etc.) b. **Rights of the accused** - The state may not deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law ------------------------------------------------------------------- **REPUBLIC ACT 8491 "FLAG AND HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES"** ------------------------------------------------------------------- - Proper use of the flag ------------------------------ **REPUBLIC ACT 9163 "NSTP"** ------------------------------ - Act of 2001 - Known as the National Service Training Act of 2001 - More on community activity +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **3 COMPONENTS OF NSTP OR THE** | | | | **RA 9163** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1. **Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) --** general welfare and betterment of life enhancement of facilities. - to improve health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of citizenry 2. **Reserve officer Training Corps (ROTC) --** aims to enhance the civic consciousness and defense preparedness of the youth - **NSTP 1 AND NSTP 2** 3. **Literacy Training Service (LTS)** - Train students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of school youth and other segments of society in need of their service. +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | **REPUBLIC ACT 7077** | | | | **SECTIONS 38 AND 39** | +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ - Designed to provide military training to tertiary level students. - For national defense preparedness, Graduates of the ROTC becomes the Citizens Armed Force of which 350 students/cadets are needed to offer the component. - Graduates of the CWTS and LTS shall belong to the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC) ------------------------------------------------------- **PANLAANG HUKBO NG PAMBANSANG PAGLILINGKOD (NSSRC)** ------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- **LEGAL MANDATE (SBNU VS CBNU)** ---------------------------------- **School-Based NSRC Unit (SBNU)** - Refers to an established organization of students or graduates of CWTS or LTS who are still enrolled in the Higher Educational Institutions (HEis) and Technical-Vocational Institutions (TVIs) **Community-Based NSRC Unit (CBNU)** - Established organizations of graduates of CWTS or LTS who have graduated from their formal academic education under the HEIs under CHED or TVIs under TESDA. ---------------------------------------------- **GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NSRC** ---------------------------------------------- - **Mission** - To provide a trained and motivated manpower tool that can be tapped by the State for civic welfare, and other similar endeavors in the service of nation - **Function** - To assist in disaster preparedness, mitigation, response, and rehabilitation programs - To serve as an auxiliary to the Disease Coordinating Council (DCC) response units - To assist in the promotion of civic welfare activities - To assist in socioeconomic development - To assist in environmental protection - To perform other similar endeavors - **Composition** - The NSRC shall be composed of the graduates of CWTS and LTS components of the NSTP. - **Organization** - The NSRC is organized under the umbrella of the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC). - It shall have a national, regional, provincial, and city or municipal level of organization. - The DCC centers shall serve as the headquarters of NSRC at the respective level organization. - Its national center shall be based at the respective level organization - Its national center shall be based at the NDCC disaster preparedness center, camp General Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City. - A secretariat at all levels shall be organized and composed of representatives from CHED and TESDA. --------------------------------------------------- **NSRC MOBILIZATION (INTER-AGENCY RELATIONSHIP)** --------------------------------------------------- - Graduates of the non-ROTC may be mobilized by the state for literacy and civic welfare activities, especially in DRRM, through the joint efforts of DND, CHED, and TESDA. **(R.A. 9163, Rule V, Section 11)**