GB1+Cell+Cycle.pdf

Cell Cycle Mitosis and Meiosis GENERAL BIOLOGY 1  Familiarize themselves with at least 80% of the terms used repeatedly in Cell Cycle Identify three major checkpoints in a Cell Cycle Compare and contrast the process of Mitosis and Meiosis Identify the stages of meiosis using an image of an...

Cell Cycle Mitosis and Meiosis GENERAL BIOLOGY 1  Familiarize themselves with at least 80% of the terms used repeatedly in Cell Cycle Identify three major checkpoints in a Cell Cycle Compare and contrast the process of Mitosis and Meiosis Identify the stages of meiosis using an image of an Onion (Allium cepa) root tip slide viewed under a compound microscope Understand essential information of at least two diseases and/or disorders caused by a malfunction in the cell cycle such as its pathophysiology, physical manifestations, and possible cure or clinical alleviation of the said condition Create a child-friendly poster that highlights awareness about Cancer or Down Syndrome Structure Recap  Quick Review: What are the five core stages of Cell Division?  Interphase Five Prophase Stages of Metaphase Cell Anaphase Division? Telophase Structure Recap DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) Why the need for Cell Cycle? Why the need for Cell Cycle? -Growth -Repair -(Cell)Replacement Cell Cycle: Interphase Cell Cycle: Interphase Interphase: 3 Phases Phase 1: G1 (Gap 1) Phase 2: S (Synthesis) Phase 3: G2 (Gap 2) Interphase: Gap 1 (G1) Decision Making Continue the Permanently cycle stop the cycle G0 (Differentiated Cell) Interphase: Synthesis (S) -Nucleus expands due to DNA replication -Eukaryotes will remain diploid, 2(n) Interphase: Gap 2(G2) -The cell has grown -Final preparation for the next stage, PMAT proper Cell Cycle: Interphase MITOSIS Allium cepa  Mitosis -ONLY Somatic cells are involved -Somatic, any type of cells except the reproductive cells - One somatic cell produces two identical cells Mitosis Mitosis: Prophase This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA  Mitosis: Prophase This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA -Nucleolus disappears -Chromatin turns to chromosomes Mitosis: Metaphase  Mitosis: Metaphase -Lining up of chromosomes along the metaphase plate Mitosis: Anaphase  Mitosis: Anaphase -Chromosomes split at their centromeres -Sister chromatids move into opposite poles Mitosis Mitosis: Telophase -Chromosomes relaxes, turns into chromatin -Nuclear membrane starting to form -Nucleolus reappears Mitosis: Final Step Cytokinesis, division of cytoplasm into two to form two daughter cells Homologous Chromosome Terminologies! Diploid: 2(n), paired chromosomes Haploid: (n), unpaired chromosomes Homologous Chromosome, member of any given chromosome pair. One maternal + one paternal. **Tetraploid: 4(n) – Sign of a malfunction MEIOSIS  Meiosis -Exclusively for sex cells, Gametes Spermatozoa, biological male Ovum, biological female -Single cell produces four daughter cells -Haploid, (23) each daughter cell contains half the amount of genetic information from the original parent cell. How many chromosomes do humans have? 46 44-Autosomes 2-Sex chromosomes Key Events in Meiosis 1. Crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes 2.Independent assortment, increases genetic variability/variation in the daughter cells This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY  Lesson extension, Cell Cycle Malfunctions