Grade 7 Science Quarter 2 Week 1 PDF

GRADE 7 SCIENCE QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 Ms. Ramos ESTUDYANTENG  SHORT REVIEW Poem Analysis: Look for a partner and study the Acrostic below. Answer the process questions.  “Magnify the unseen world, Intricate details unfurled. Cells and creatures, big and small, Revealed...

GRADE 7 SCIENCE QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 Ms. Ramos ESTUDYANTENG  SHORT REVIEW Poem Analysis: Look for a partner and study the Acrostic below. Answer the process questions.  “Magnify the unseen world, Intricate details unfurled. Cells and creatures, big and small, Revealed beneath the lens, we call. Observing life in its tiny scope, Scientific wonders, giving hope. Concealed mysteries, now clear, Optical marvels bring them near. Patterns, structures, come alive, Exploring realms that thrive.” PROCESS QUESTIONS: 1. What scientific instrument is described in the poem? MICROSCOPE  PROCESS QUESTIONS: 2. What is the significance of the phrase "scientific wonders, giving hope"? It highlights the impact of microscopes in advancing scientific knowledge and fostering optimism for future discoveries.  KWL CHART: Using the graphic organizer, recall you prior knowledge about the given terms. Only answer K and W at this point.  LESSON: 1. Science equipment: The Compound Microscope: OBJECTIVES: 1. Identify the parts and functions, Parts and Functions and demonstrate proper handling Using of Microscope and storing of a compound microscope 1. Identify the parts of a compound microscope and the function of each part. 2. Demonstrate the proper handling and storing of a compound microscope MICROSCOPY TIMELINE: Read the material on the timeline of the microscope. Using the graphic organizer, plot the advancements of the microscope in the early years.  EARLY YEARS Circa 1000 CE: The first vision aid, called a "reading stone," was created (inventor unknown). It was a glass sphere that magnified reading materials when laid on top of them. Circa 1284: Italian inventor Salvino D'Armate is credited with inventing the first wearable eyeglasses.  EARLY YEARS 1590: Two Dutch eyeglass makers, Zacharias Janssen and son Hans Janssen, experimented with multiple lenses placed in a tube. The Janssens observed that objects viewed in front of the tube appeared greatly enlarged, creating both the telescope and the forerunner of the compound microscope.  EARLY YEARS 1665: English physicist Robert Hooke looked at a sliver of cork through a microscope lens and noticed "pores" or "cells" in it.  EARLY YEARS 1674: Anton van Leeuwenhoek built a simple microscope with only one lens to examine blood, yeast, insects, and many other tiny objects. He was the first person to describe bacteria, and he also invented new methods for grinding and polishing microscope lenses. These techniques allowed for curvatures providing magnifications of up to 270 diameters, the best available lenses at that time.  1800s 1830: Joseph Jackson Lister reduced spherical aberration (or the "chromatic effect") by showing that several weak lenses used together at certain distances provided good magnification without blurring the image. This was the prototype for the compound microscope.  1800s 1872: Ernst Abbe, then research director of the Zeiss Optical Works, wrote a mathematical formula called the "Abbe Sine Condition." His formula provided calculations that allowed for the maximum possible resolution in microscopes.  1900s 1903: Richard Zsigmondy developed the ultramicroscope capable of studying objects below the wavelength of light. For this, he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925. 1932: Frits Zernike invented the phase- contrast microscope that allowed for the study of colorless and transparent biological materials. He won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physics for it.  1900s 1931: Ernst Ruska co-invented the electron microscope, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986. An electron microscope depends on electrons rather than light to view an object. Electrons are sped up in a vacuum until their wavelength is extremely short—only 0.00001 that of white light. Electron microscopes make it possible to view objects as small as the diameter of an atom.  1900s 1981: Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer invented the scanning tunneling microscope that gives three-dimensional images of objects down to the atomic level. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986 for this accomplishment. The powerful scanning tunneling microscope is one of the strongest microscopes to date.  1000 CE unidentified inventor reading stone 1284 Italian Salvino D' Armate first pair of wearable eyeglasses 1590 Dutch eyeglass craftsmen Zacharias Janssen and his son Hans Janssen telescope and compound microscope 1665 English physicist Robert Hooke Discovered in a cork using the microscope lens the "pores" 1674 Anton van Leeuwenhoek or "cells" basic microscope equipped with a single lens used to observe blood, yeast, insects, and a wide array of minuscule specimens  UNLOCKING CONTENT AREA VOCABULARY  TERMS MAGNIFICATION STAGE RESOLUTION OBJECTIVE LENS ILLUMINATION EYEPIECE (OCULAR)  MAGNIFICATION The factor by which a microscope enlarges an image. It is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the objective lens by the magnification of the eyepiece.  RESOLUTION The ability of a microscope to distinguish two close points as separate entities. It determines the level of detail and clarity that can be observed in the microscopic image  ILLUMINATION The light source used to illuminate the specimen. It can be from a built-in light source, a mirror, or an external light  STAGE The platform on which the specimen is placed for observation. It often includes a mechanical stage with controls to move the specimen precisely.  OBJECTIVE LENS The primary lens in a compound microscope that is closest to the specimen and responsible for magnifying the image  EYEPIECE (OCULAR) The lens at the top of the microscope that you look through to observe the specimen. It further magnifies the image produced by the objective lens.  THE MICROSCOPE ANATOMY What is a Microscope? A microscope is a powerful tool used for observing tiny objects that are invisible to the naked eye. Parts of a Microscope and their functions  EYEPIECE (OCULAR LENS) The lens at the top of the microscope that you look through, usually with a magnification of 10x or 15x.  ARM The part of the microscope that connects the base to the head and the eyepiece tube. It is used to carry the microscope.  STAGE CLIPS Metal clips on the stage that hold the slide in place.  COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB A larger knob used for focusing the microscope. It moves the stage or the body tube up and down to bring the specimen into general focus FINE ADJUSTMENT KNOB A smaller knob used for fine- tuning the focus of the specimen after using the coarse adjustment knob. It moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image. DRAW TUBE Draw Tube: The tube that connects the eyepiece to the microscope body.  REVOLVING NOSEPIECE The part that holds two or more objective lenses and can be rotated to easily change power (magnification)  OBJECTIVE The lenses closest to the specimen, that are typically of varying magnifications (e.g., 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x)  STAGE The flat platform where the slide is placed for observation.  DIAPHRAGM (IRIS) A rotating disk under the stage with different sized holes. It is used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light that is projected upward into the slide. ILLUMINATOR: A light source located at the base of the microscope.  BASE The bottom part of the microscope that provides stability and support. It houses the illuminator and other electrical components. HOW TO HANDLE A COMPOUND MICROSCOPE 1. Turn the revolving nosepiece so that the lowest power objective lens (eg. 4x) is clicked into position.  2. Place the microscope slide on the stage and fasten it with the stage clips.  3. Look at the objective lens and the stage from the side and turn the focus knob so the stage moves upward. Move it up as far as it will go without letting the objective touch the coverslip. 4. Look through the eyepiece and move the focus knob until the image comes into focus  5. Adjust the condenser and light intensity for the greatest amount of light.  6. Move the microscope slide around until the sample is in the center of the field of view.  7. Use the focus knob to place the sample into focus and readjust the condenser and light intensity for the clearest image.  8. When you have a clear image of your sample with the lowest power objective, you can change to the next objective lenses. You might need to readjust the sample into focus and/or readjust the condenser and light intensity. Do not let the objective lens touch the slide! 9. When finished, lower the stage, click the low power lens into position and remove the slide. LEARNERS’ TAKEAWAYS KWL Chart: Using the graphic organizer, answer the L column or what you have learned about the given term.