Grade 10 Science: Electromagnetic Waves PDF

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES GRADE 10 – SCIENCE (2ND QUARTER) What is a Wave?  WAVE Refers to a periodic disturbance or oscillation that moves away from a source and carries energy Waves can travel through space and matter while transferring energy from one place to another. Types of Wa...

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES GRADE 10 – SCIENCE (2ND QUARTER) What is a Wave?  WAVE Refers to a periodic disturbance or oscillation that moves away from a source and carries energy Waves can travel through space and matter while transferring energy from one place to another. Types of Waves  Waves are categorized based on their ability or inability to transmit energy through a vacuum (i.e., empty space). Categorizing waves on this basis leads to two notable categories: electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves. Electromagnetic Wave Defined as a wave that can transmit its energy through a vacuum (i.e., empty space). Electromagnetic Wave Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles. All light waves are examples of electromagnetic Examples of Electromagnetic Waves Mechanical Wave Refers to a wave that is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Mechanical Wave Mechanical waves require a medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another. A sound wave is an example of a Parts of a Wave  wave.  Trough – lowest point of the wave.  Amplitude – maximum displacement from rest position. It pertains to the height of the crest or the depth of trough which is measured from the normal undisturbed position.  Wavelength – (λ) distance between two successive crests and two successive troughs. It is also equal to the distance between any two identical points on successive waves.  Wave Height – distance between the crest and trough of a wave.  Rest Position – undisturbed position. Parts of a Wave Characteristi cs of a Wave  Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of particles in a medium from their rest position during one complete oscillation. Amplitude is the distance from the equilibrium position to the crest (or trough) of the wave.  Wavelength is the distance between two successive points that are in phase (e.g., two adjacent crests or troughs). It is often denoted by the symbol λ.  Frequency is the number of oscillations per unit time and is measured in hertz (Hz). It is often denoted by the symbol f.  Velocity is the speed at which the wave propagates through a medium. It is the product of frequency and wavelength, as indicated by the equation v = fλ. Electromagnet ic Spectrum  The Electromagnetic Spectrum describes all the kinds of light, including those the human eye cannot see.  Other types of light include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays — all of which are imperceptible to human eyes.  Fun Fact! All light or electromagnetic radiation travels through space at 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) per second — the speed of light. That’s about as far as a car will go over its lifetime, traveled by light in a single second! Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic Spectrum