Funds Final Study Guide-1.docx

Topics: - - - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Elimination** ======================= **Factors Affecting Micturition** - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Vocab** - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Intake and Output** - - - - - -...

Topics: - - - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Elimination** ======================= **Factors Affecting Micturition** - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Vocab** - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Intake and Output** - - - - - - **Using The Nursing Process- aka ADPEI** - - - - - - - - - - - - **Physical Assessment of Urinary Functioning** - - - - - **Phrasing of Urination** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **NANDA Urinary Function Diagnoses** - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Retention** - - - - - - - - - **Urinary Incontinence** - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Devices For Collecting and Measuring Urine** - - - - - **Promoting Normal Urination** - - - - - - - - - - **Reasons for Catheterization** - - - - - - - **Who Is At Risk for UTIs?** - - - - - - **Patient Education for Urinary Diversion** - - - - - - **HOW TO INSTRUCT A PATIENT ON A CLEAN CATH (WILL BE ON EXAM!!)** 1. 2. **URINE COLOR** (WILL BE EXAM QUESTION!!) - - - - - - - - - - - - **Nursing Strategies to Address Age Related Changes in Urinary Elimination** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Fluids** ========== **The Four Components of fluid** 1. 2. 3. 4. **Values** - - - - - - - **NANDA Hydration Diagnoses** - - - - - - **Deficient Fluid Volume** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Excess Fluid Volume (Hypervolemia)** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Common IV Solutions and Names - - - - - - - - - - - **Hygiene and Activity** ======================== **Key Terms** - - - - - - - [[Video]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T00U5lMWAWQ) about Isotonic vs Isometric vs Isokinetic exercises - **Nursing Care with Hygiene** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Effects of Exercise on Body Systems** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Types of Exercise** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **NANDA Activity Diagnoses** - - - - - - - - **Nursing Interventions: Activity** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Evaluation of Activity - - - - - - **Labs and Imaging** ==================== **Role of the Nurse** - 1. a. b. c. 2. 3. 4. 5. d. 6. - 1. 2. 3. 4. **Blood Studies** - - - - -  As ,k - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Coagulation Studies** - - - - - - - - - - - - **Blood Cultures** - - - - - - - - **Blood Tubes:**  **Major Electrolytes:**  **Imaging Studies** Radiography - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Culturally Competent Care** ============================= **Key Terms** - - - - - - - - - - - - **Cultural Influences on Health Care** - - - - - - **Identifying Prejudices: The First Step to Eliminating Them** **Culturally Respectful Nursing Care** - - - - - - - **Culturally Competent Nursing Care- Patient in Pain** - - - - **Cultural Assessment** - - **Cultural Assessment/Areas Nurses Need to Understand** - - - - **Elements of Cultural Competence** - - - - - - - **Guidelines for Providing Culturally Competent Nursing Care** - - - - - - **Complementary Therapy** ========================= **Key Terms** - - - - - - - - - - - **Complementary Health Approaches (CHA)** - - - - - - - - - XD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Benefits of Relaxation for Patients** - - - - - **Communication** ================= **Factors Influencing Communication** - - - - - - - - **Forms of Communication** - - - - - - - - - - **Four Levels of Communication** - - - - - - - - **The Helping Relationship** - - - - - - - **Phases of the Helping Relationship** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Assertive vs. Non-Assertive vs. Aggressive** - - - **Characteristics of the Assertive Nurse's Self Presentation** - - - - - - - - **Factors that Promote Effective Communication** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Blocks to Communication - - - - - - - Disruptive Interpersonal Behavior - - - - - - Impaired Verbal Communication causes - - - - - - Impaired Verbal Communication NANDA Diagnosis Examples: 1. 2. 3. **SBAR** - - - - - - **The Aging Adult** =================== **Classifying Older Adult** - - - - - - **Middle Adulthood** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Older Adults - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Goal of Nursing Care - - - - - Assessment Tool: SPICES - - - - - - Elder Abuse - - - - - - - - - - **Physical Changes in the Older Adult** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Polypharmacy** - - - - - - - - - **Delirium vs. Dementia vs. Depression** Clinical Feature Delirium (reversible) Dementia (not reversible) Depression (mostly reversible) ---------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- Onset sudden/abrupt insidious/slow, usually unrecognized variable Course Short with diurnal fluctuations in symptomatology Chronic and progressive Variable, symptoms are typically worse in the early morning Progression abrupt protracted Variable Consciousness altered Clear except in severe cases clear Attention Impaired, fluctuates Initially normal Generally normal Orientation Generally impaired, severity varies Generally normal Selective disorientation Memory Recent and immediate memory is impaired Recent and remote memory is impaired Selective impairment Thinking Disorganized, incoherent Difficulty with abstraction, thoughts impoverished Intact with themes of hopelessness and helplessness Perception Misperceptions, common with illusions, hallucinations, and delusions Misperceptions usually absent intact Psychomotor behavior Variable, hypokinetic, hyperkinetic, and mixed Generally normal Variable Assessment Distracted from task, numerous errors Struggles with assessment to find appropriate reply Generally lacks motivations, frequent "don't know" answers Rest and Sleep ============== **Key Terms:** - - - - - - - - - **Sleep Stages** - - - - - - - - - **Factors Affecting Sleep** - - - - - - - - **Illnesses That Can Cause Sleep Disturbances** - - - - - - **Sleep Disorders** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders** - - - - - **Assessment and Interventions to Support Rest and Sleep** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Common Causes of Sleep/Rest Nursing Diagnoses** - - - - - - **Treatment for Dyssomnias** - - - - - - - - - **Nursing Interventions to Promote Sleep** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. **Nursing Evaluation** - - - - - - Death and Dying =============== **Types of Loss** (doesn't have to mean loss of life, consider how much loss may come with a change in health status) - - - - - - - **Key Terms:** - - - **Engel's Six Stages of Grief** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. **Kübler-Ross's Five Stages of Grief** 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. **Factors Affecting Grief and Dying** - - - - - **Definition of Death** - 1. 2. - - - - - - **Signs of Impending Death of a Terminally Ill Patient:**  -Palliative Care does NOT = end of life -Hospice DOES indicate end of life (life-expectancy less than 6 months) -Death rattle= when you can hear the sounds of secretions without a stethoscope -is a VERY IMMINENT sign of death (could be seconds or minutes most likely) -If a pt tells you "I'm not ready to die" respond with something along the lines of "tell me more about that/what you're feeling" **Components of a Good Death** - - - - **Legal Vocabulary** - - - - - - - - **Advances Directives** - - - - - **Special Orders** - - - - - **Needs of Dying Patients** **(ALL ABOUT SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT!!)** - - - - **Developing a Trusting Nurse-Patient Relationship** - - - - - **LGBTQ+ Rights** - - - - **Factors that Impact Making End of Life Decisions** - - - - - **Postmortem Care** - - - - - - - - - - **Postmortem Care of the Family** - - - - - -