Prelude to the French Revolution Powerpoint PDF

Prelude to The French Goals Revolution : by the end of this power point you will be able to explain why the French Revolution was inevitable (going to happen no matter what) © Student Handouts, Inc. www.studenthandouts...

Prelude to The French Goals Revolution : by the end of this power point you will be able to explain why the French Revolution was inevitable (going to happen no matter what) © Student Handouts, Inc. www.studenthandouts.com  The Old Regime (Ancien Old Regime – Regime) socio- political system which existed in most of Europe during the 18th century Countries were ruled by absolutism – the monarch had absolute control over the government Classes of people – privileged and unprivileged – Unprivileged people – paid taxes and treated badly – Privileged people – did not pay taxes and treated well  Society under the Old Regime In France, people were divided into three estates – First Estate High-ranking members of the Church Privileged class – Second Estate Nobility Privileged class – Third Estate Everyone else – from peasants in the countryside to wealthy bourgeoisie merchants in the cities Unprivileged class  The Three Estates Estate Populatio Privileges Exemption Burdens n s Circa 130,000 Collected the tithe Paid no taxes Moral obligation (rather than First Censorship of the press Subject to legal obligation) to assist the High-ranking Control of education Church law poor and needy clergy Kept records of births, rather than civil Support the monarchy and Old deaths, marriages, etc. law Regime Catholic faith held honored position of being the state religion (practiced by monarch and nobility) Owned 20% of the land Circa 110,000 Collected taxes in the form Paid no taxes Support the monarchy and Old Secon of feudal dues Regime d Nobles Monopolized military and state appointments Owned 20% of the land Circa None None Paid all taxes Third 25,000,000 Tithe (Church tax) Octrot (tax on goods brought Everyone else: into cities) artisans, Corvée (forced road work) bourgeoisie, Capitation (poll tax) city workers, Vingtiéme (income tax) merchants, Gabelle (salt tax) peasants, etc., Taille (land tax) along with Feudal dues for use of local many parish manor’s winepress, oven, etc. priests What does this political cartoon say about conditions in France under the Old Regime? Economic Conditions under the Old Regime France’s economy was based primarily on agriculture Peasant farmers of France bore the burden of taxation Poor harvests meant that peasants had trouble paying their regular taxes – Certainly could not afford to have their taxes raised Bourgeoisie often managed to gather wealth – But were upset that they paid taxes while nobles did not  France Is Bankrupt The king (Louis XVI) lavished money on himself and residences like Versailles Queen Marie Antoinette was seen as a wasteful spender Government found its funds depleted as a result of wars – Including the funding of the American Revolution Deficit spending – a government spending more money than it takes in from tax revenues Privileged classes would not submit to being taxed  https://www.google.com/search?q=v ersailles&safe=strict&rlz=1C1GGRV_ enUS759US759&source=lnms&tbm= isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwja_pO_m_ LeAhXMrVMKHePuBMQQ_AUIDigB&bi w=1024&bih=626 Why were French Citizens mad about this? Long-term Causes of the French Revolution Short-term Causes of the French Revolution  Meeting of the Estates- General: May 5, 1789 Voting was conducted by estate – Each estate had one vote – First and Second Estates could operate as a bloc to stop the Third Estate from having its way ◊ First Estate + ◊ Second Estate - vs. - ◊ Third Estate Representatives from the Third Estate demanded that voting be by population – This would give the Third Estate a great advantage Deadlock resulted Tennis Court Oath Tennis Court Oath by Jacques Louis David