Stress and Coping PDF

Stress and Coping Learning Objectives Stress  Scientific Foundation ▪ ▪ ▪  Scientific Foundation ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪...

Stress and Coping Learning Objectives Stress  Scientific Foundation ▪ ▪ ▪  Scientific Foundation ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Scientific Foundation ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪  Normal Structure and Function Nervous system response to stress Endocrine system response to stress Physical signs of stress are those of Sympathoadrenal response sympathetic nervous system stimulation Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal complex Changes occur within the first minutes Corticosteroids of exposure to a stressor and may be Hyperglycemia experienced as the sensations of palpitations, light-headedness, nausea, Psychological responses to stress and anxiety Resilience and coping Anxiety Immune system response to stress Anger Pain, vasodilation, and swelling Depression Mobilization of white blood cells and lymphocytes  Altered Structure and Function ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Assessment Priority Problems (Nursing Diagnosis)  Planning ▪ ▪ ▪  Implementation and Evaluation Interventions for stress Managing stress and developing management coping skills ▪ Decrease stressors ▪ Internal strategies ▪ Improve or mobilizing coping ▪ Address patient’s feelings strategies associated with stress ▪ External strategies ▪ Provide relief through mobilization of support ▪ General resistance resources  Implementation and Evaluation Stress management Strategies ▪ Holistic approach to stress ▪ Time management reduction ▪ Anger management ▪ Nutrition ▪ Support groups Implementation and Evaluation ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ Implementation and Evaluation ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪  Implementation and Evaluation Evaluation Situations of acute stress resolve more quickly than those of chronic stress Observe patient behaviors and compare them with self-reported accounts Remind patients to continue using stress reduction techniques Modification of coping skills for stress management is a slow process Referrals may be needed Stress and Nursing