Forensic Ballistics 2024-2025 PDF
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This document provides a detailed overview of forensic ballistics, covering the scientific instruments, calculations, and definitions used in this field. It explores different aspects of firearms, bullets, and their motion.
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FORENSIC BALLISTICS =================== - The word Ballistics was derived from two Greek words. The word **"ballo"** and the word **"ballein"** which literally mean, **"to throw".** - The term also said to have been derived from the Roman war machine called ***"*Ballista*",*** a Gi...
FORENSIC BALLISTICS =================== - The word Ballistics was derived from two Greek words. The word **"ballo"** and the word **"ballein"** which literally mean, **"to throw".** - The term also said to have been derived from the Roman war machine called ***"*Ballista*",*** a Gigantic Catapult that was used to furl missiles or large object at a distance like stone, dead animal or even dead person. 2  3 4 #### Scientific InstrumentsUsedinForensic Ballistics Bullet ComparisonMicroscope - TheBullet ComparisonMicroscopeisthe most important scientific equipment in atypical BallisticsLaboratory. - It is used for comparing evidence bullets or shells and test bullets or shellstodeterminewhether or not they were fired froma suspected fatal gun. 5 *Stereoscopic Microscope* ----------------------------------------------- 6 *Bullet Recovery box* --------------------- 7 4. ***Helixometer*** 8 Analytical or TorsionBalance Onoscope 9 Taper Gauge Electric GunMarker Chronograph 10 11 12 ##### **Direct Motion**=isthe **forwardmotion**of the bullet or shotsout of the shell by theactionof the expansiveforceof gases fromaburninggunpowder. 13 15 16 17 #### Interior (Internal) Ballistics(FICEPERVRE) a. Firingpinhittingtheprimer - b. Ignitionof theprimingmixture c. Combustionof thegunpowder/powderchargeor propellant. d. Expansionof heatedgas. e. Pressuredeveloped f. Energy generated g. Recoil of thegun--BACWARDMOVEMENTOFTHEGUN h. Velocity of thebullet insidethebarrel -SPEED i. Rotationof thebullet insidethebarrel --LANDANDGROOVES j. Engravingof thecylindrical surfaceof thebullet --MARKS/CAVITIES 18 19 LAND--ELEVATEDPORTIONOFTHEBARREL GROOVES--DEPPRESSEDPORTIONORCANALLIKE 20 ### MISFIRE VS HANG-FIRE ###### MISFIRE--REFERSTOTHEFAILUREOFTHECARTRIDGETO EXPLODEAFTERTHEFIRINGPINSTRIKETHEPRIMER. (NOT EXPLODE) 21  24 **Exterior Ballistics** ======================= +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | **of** | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | | | **of** | | | | | | | | **after** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ 28    ###### INJURIES/DAMAGE FATAL  ##### The wobbling motion of the bullet due to the uneven pressure applied to one side to the other side. Unstable rotating motion of the bullet while in flight. ### **BULLET DROP VS GRAVITY** ### **BULLET FIRED UPWARD** 3. **Terminal Ballistics** **Treats the effects of the impact of the bullet towards the target.** 
