Electronics Introduction - First Lecture Slides PDF

Electronics Introduction Refers to the control of Electricity With out visible moving parts Automobiles in 1960's -- Voltage Regulator to Electric ignition Improved performance and Increased Reliability Now a major part of every Truck/Automobile Brake systems to Electric diesel injection system...

Electronics Introduction Refers to the control of Electricity With out visible moving parts Automobiles in 1960's -- Voltage Regulator to Electric ignition Improved performance and Increased Reliability Now a major part of every Truck/Automobile Brake systems to Electric diesel injection systems What is electricity? A fundamental form of energy observable in the positive and negative form and occurs naturally or is produced and that is expressed in terms of the movement and interactions of electrons. Electricity follows a similar set of rules to fluid power systems Fluid power systems operate on the basis of pressure, volume, and force Likewise, electrical/electronic control systems operate on the basis of pressure, volume and force Pressure is called Volts Volume is called amps Force is called watts Volts Voltage is the amount of push that causes electrons to flow in a circuit Similar to psi in a hydraulic hose Fluid will flow from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area Volts by itself can do no work Voltage Hydraulic systems will use both alternating current and Direct current Alternating Current pushes, the electrons out in surges or pulsations Direct current provides a continuous flow of current Three primary voltage ranges used in the typical hydraulic system 120v to 440v 12v to 24v 5 to 8v 120v to 440v Runs Stationary electric motors used to drive pumps Supplied as alternating current 12v to 24v 5v to 8v Can do no work because the current flow required would be extremely high Reserved for sensing Amps Amps are the measure of the flow rate of electrons (aka current) Just like Gallons per minute (GPM) in a hydraulic system One amps being pushed by one volt is the equivalent of 6.28 Billion electrons passing a single point as the current flows The number of electrons passing in the electric circuit is determined by how much resistance to there is OHMS The restriction to current flow is called resistance Resistance is expressed as OHMS As the Resistance increases of a circuit, the amount of current will decrease Several things can affect the resistance in a circuit Material, Length, and Diameter of a conduit Loose electrical connections Frayed wires Corrosion OHMS Describes the relationship between Current(amps), voltage and resistance (OHMS) OHMS Law The current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance As the Voltage applied to the circuit increases, the current will increase ( as long as Resistance is held) As the Resistance in a circuit increases, the current will decrease (as long as the volts are held) Watts Electric power that is expressed as Watts Watts is the amount of work that can be done by an electrical circuit Determined by the amount of voltage available to the circuit and the amount of current flowing through the circuit Watts = Volts x Amps Watts can be described as Power (P) Measurement similar to HP 746 Watts = 1HP To operate a.5 HP motor, 373 Watts of power are needed