First Aid PDF - First Aid Guide

1. 急救员的角色 What is the role of a first aider during an emergency? 急救员在紧急情况下的角色是提供即时援助，稳定伤者状况，防止进一步伤害，并在必要 时联系专业医疗人员。 2. 善良撒玛利亚人法案 What is the Good Samaritan Act, and how does it protect individuals who provide first aid? 善良撒玛利亚人...

1. 急救员的角色 What is the role of a first aider during an emergency? 急救员在紧急情况下的角色是提供即时援助，稳定伤者状况，防止进一步伤害，并在必要 时联系专业医疗人员。 2. 善良撒玛利亚人法案 What is the Good Samaritan Act, and how does it protect individuals who provide first aid? 善良撒玛利亚人法案是一项法律，旨在保护在紧急情况下自愿提供急救的个人免受法律责 任，只要他们的行为是出于善意且未超出其能力范围。 3. 获取同意的步骤 What steps should a first aider follow to obtain consent from a casualty? 急救员应首先向伤者表明身份，解释将要进行的急救措施，并询问伤者是否同意接受帮助。 如果伤者无意识或无法表达同意，可以默认为同意。 1. 处理无反应伤者的第一步 What is the first step in managing an unresponsive casualty? 第一步是检查伤者是否有反应，可以通过轻拍肩膀并大声呼唤来确认。 2. 无反应但正常呼吸的伤者 What should you do if an unresponsive casualty is breathing normally? 如果伤者无反应但呼吸正常，应将其置于复苏体位（侧卧位），并密切监测呼吸，同时等待 专业医疗援助。 3. 检查伤者反应 How should you check for responsiveness in a casualty? 通过轻拍伤者肩膀并大声呼唤（如“你还好吗？”）来检查其是否有反应。 1. 疑似头部受伤的假设 What should you always assume when dealing with a casualty with a suspected head injury? 应始终假设伤者可能有脊柱损伤，避免移动其头部或颈部。 2. 无反应且呼吸的伤者体位 Which position is appropriate for unresponsive and breathing casualties with no suspected head or spinal injuries? 复苏体位（侧卧位）是合适的，以防止气道阻塞。 3. 休克的常见症状 What is a common symptom of shock? 休克的常见症状包括皮肤苍白、湿冷、脉搏微弱、呼吸急促和意识模糊。 1. 成人 CPR 的按压速率 What is the recommended rate of chest compressions per minute during adult CPR? 推荐的按压速率是每分钟 100-120 次。 2. 成人 CPR 的按压深度 What is the correct depth of chest compressions for an adult during CPR? 按压深度应为 5-6 厘米。 3. 成人 CPR 的按压与通气比例 When performing CPR on an adult, what is the ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths? 按压与通气的比例为 30:2。 1. 处理严重出血的第一步 What is the first step you should take when you encounter a casualty with severe bleeding? 第一步是直接压迫伤口以控制出血。 1. 处理烧伤的第一步 What is the first step in managing a burn injury? 第一步是用冷水或温水冷却烧伤部位 10-20 分钟。 2. 处理烧伤时应避免的事项 What should you avoid doing when treating a burn injury? 避免使用冰、黄油或其他家庭疗法，也不要撕掉粘在伤口上的衣物。 3. 烧伤后立即冷却的原因 What is a key reason for cooling a burn with cool or lukewarm water immediately after the injury? 冷却可以减轻疼痛、减少组织损伤并防止烧伤进一步加深。 1. 高血糖的症状 What are the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)? 症状包括口渴、尿频、疲劳、视力模糊和意识混乱。 2. 癫痫发作时的保护措施 What should you do during a seizure to protect the casualty? 保护伤者头部，移除周围危险物品，不要试图限制其动作，并在发作结束后将其置于复苏 体位。 3. 严重哮喘发作的第一步 What is the recommended first step if someone is experiencing a severe asthma attack? 第一步是帮助伤者使用其急救吸入器（如沙丁胺醇），并立即寻求医疗援助。 1. 闭合性骨折的定义 Which of the following best describes a closed fracture? 闭合性骨折是指骨头断裂但皮肤未破损。 2. 脱臼的症状 Which of the following is a symptom of a dislocation? 脱臼的症状包括关节畸形、剧烈疼痛和无法活动。 3. RICE 原则中的“I” What does the "I" in RICE stand for when treating bone and joint injuries? “I”代表冰敷（Ice），用于减轻肿胀和疼痛。 1. 头部受伤的体征 Which of the following is a sign of a head injury? 体征包括头痛、意识模糊、呕吐和瞳孔不等大。 2. 脊柱损伤的症状 What symptom suggests a spinal injury? 症状包括颈部或背部疼痛、肢体麻木或无力，以及失去对膀胱或肠道的控制。 3. 疑似骨盆损伤的急救步骤 What is the appropriate first aid step for a suspected pelvic injury? 应避免移动伤者，固定骨盆区域，并立即寻求专业医疗援助。 1. 穿透性胸部伤口的描述 Which of the following best describes a penetrating chest wound? 穿透性胸部伤口是指外部物体刺入胸腔，可能导致气胸或血胸。 2. 连枷胸的显著体征 What is a distinguishing sign of a flail chest? 连枷胸的显著体征是胸壁的一部分在呼吸时出现反常运动（向内凹陷） 。 1. 毒物进入体内的方式 Which method of poison entry into the body is characterized by symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and breathing issues? 吸入毒物通常表现为头痛、头晕和呼吸困难。 2. 吸入毒物的急救第一步 What is the first step to take for first aid if a casualty has inhaled a poison? 第一步是将伤者移至空气新鲜处，并确保其呼吸道通畅。 3. 动物咬伤止血后的处理 What should be done immediately after controlling bleeding from an animal bite? 用肥皂和水彻底清洗伤口，并尽快就医以预防感染。 1. 低体温的阶段 Which of the following is a stage of hypothermia where the body temperature drops 2-4°C below normal? 中度低体温阶段，体温低于正常 2-4°C。 2. 冻伤的常见症状 Which symptom is commonly associated with frostbite? 冻伤的常见症状包括皮肤苍白、麻木、刺痛感和硬如蜡状。 3. 中暑的关键体征 What is a key sign of heatstroke? 关键体征包括体温极高（超过 40°C） 、意识混乱和皮肤干燥发红。 1. 无人目击的心脏骤停 During an unattended cardiac arrest, what should the first rescuer do until the second rescuer returns? 第一位施救者应立即开始胸外按压，并持续至第二位施救者返回。 2. 目击心脏骤停时第二位施救者的角色 In a witnessed cardiac arrest with two rescuers, what is the role of the second rescuer when they start CPR? 第二位施救者应准备并使用 AED，同时协助第一位施救者进行 CPR。 1. AED 可治疗的心律 Which of the following heart rhythms can be treated with an AED? AED 可用于治疗心室颤动（VF）和无脉性室性心动过速（VT）。 2. 使用 AED 后的步骤 When using an AED, what should be done after turning it on? 按照 AED 的语音提示，将电极片贴在伤者胸部，并确保无人接触伤者后进行分析。 3. 心血管急症的急救第一步 What should you do first when you encounter a casualty with a cardiovascular emergency? 第一步是拨打急救电话，并立即开始 CPR（如果伤者无反应且无呼吸） 。 1. 儿童严重气道阻塞的体征 What is a sign of a severe airway obstruction in a child? 体征包括无法说话、咳嗽微弱或无声、呼吸困难和皮肤发绀。 2. 儿童严重气道阻塞的急救第一步 What is the first step to take for a conscious child with a severe airway obstruction? 第一步是进行背部拍击和胸部冲击（海姆立克急救法）。 3. 儿童 CPR 的按压深度 When performing chest compressions on a child during CPR, what is the recommended depth? 按压深度约为胸部前后径的 1/3，通常为 5 厘米左右。 1. 婴儿呼吸急症的常见原因 Which of the following is a common cause of infant breathing emergencies? 常见原因包括窒息、呼吸道感染和异物阻塞。 2. 婴儿窒息的急救第一步 What should you do first when assisting a choking infant? 第一步是进行 5 次背部拍击和 5 次胸部按压。 3. 婴儿 CPR 的按压深度 When performing chest compressions on an infant, what is the recommended depth of compressions? 按压深度约为 4 厘米。 1. 医护人员 BLS 流程的第一步 What is the first step in the BLS sequence for a healthcare provider when encountering an unresponsive person? 第一步是确保现场安全，并检查伤者是否有反应和呼吸。 2. 成人高质量 CPR 的按压速率 During high-quality CPR for an adult, what is the recommended rate of chest compressions per minute? 推荐的按压速率是每分钟 100-120 次。 3. 单人成人 CPR 的按压与通气比例 In BLS, what is the appropriate compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer performing CPR on an adult? 按压与通气的比例为 30:2。 希望这份整理对您有帮助！ 是所有内容吗 是的，以上内容涵盖了您提供的所有问题及其回答。以下是完整的整理，确保没有遗漏： 1. 急救员的角色 What is the role of a first aider during an emergency? 急救员在紧急情况下的角色是提供即时援助，稳定伤者状况，防止进一步伤害，并在必要 时联系专业医疗人员。 2. 善良撒玛利亚人法案 What is the Good Samaritan Act, and how does it protect individuals who provide first aid? 善良撒玛利亚人法案是一项法律，旨在保护在紧急情况下自愿提供急救的个人免受法律责 任，只要他们的行为是出于善意且未超出其能力范围。 3. 获取同意的步骤 What steps should a first aider follow to obtain consent from a casualty? 急救员应首先向伤者表明身份，解释将要进行的急救措施，并询问伤者是否同意接受帮助。 如果伤者无意识或无法表达同意，可以默认为同意。 1. 处理无反应伤者的第一步 What is the first step in managing an unresponsive casualty? 第一步是检查伤者是否有反应，可以通过轻拍肩膀并大声呼唤来确认。 2. 无反应但正常呼吸的伤者 What should you do if an unresponsive casualty is breathing normally? 如果伤者无反应但呼吸正常，应将其置于复苏体位（侧卧位），并密切监测呼吸，同时等待 专业医疗援助。 3. 检查伤者反应 How should you check for responsiveness in a casualty? 通过轻拍伤者肩膀并大声呼唤（如“你还好吗？”）来检查其是否有反应。 1. 疑似头部受伤的假设 What should you always assume when dealing with a casualty with a suspected head injury? 应始终假设伤者可能有脊柱损伤，避免移动其头部或颈部。 2. 无反应且呼吸的伤者体位 Which position is appropriate for unresponsive and breathing casualties with no suspected head or spinal injuries? 复苏体位（侧卧位）是合适的，以防止气道阻塞。 3. 休克的常见症状 What is a common symptom of shock? 休克的常见症状包括皮肤苍白、湿冷、脉搏微弱、呼吸急促和意识模糊。 1. 成人 CPR 的按压速率 What is the recommended rate of chest compressions per minute during adult CPR? 推荐的按压速率是每分钟 100-120 次。 2. 成人 CPR 的按压深度 What is the correct depth of chest compressions for an adult during CPR? 按压深度应为 5-6 厘米。 3. 成人 CPR 的按压与通气比例 When performing CPR on an adult, what is the ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths? 按压与通气的比例为 30:2。 1. 处理严重出血的第一步 What is the first step you should take when you encounter a casualty with severe bleeding? 第一步是直接压迫伤口以控制出血。 1. 处理烧伤的第一步 What is the first step in managing a burn injury? 第一步是用冷水或温水冷却烧伤部位 10-20 分钟。 2. 处理烧伤时应避免的事项 What should you avoid doing when treating a burn injury? 避免使用冰、黄油或其他家庭疗法，也不要撕掉粘在伤口上的衣物。 3. 烧伤后立即冷却的原因 What is a key reason for cooling a burn with cool or lukewarm water immediately after the injury? 冷却可以减轻疼痛、减少组织损伤并防止烧伤进一步加深。 1. 高血糖的症状 What are the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)? 症状包括口渴、尿频、疲劳、视力模糊和意识混乱。 2. 癫痫发作时的保护措施 What should you do during a seizure to protect the casualty? 保护伤者头部，移除周围危险物品，不要试图限制其动作，并在发作结束后将其置于复苏 体位。 3. 严重哮喘发作的第一步 What is the recommended first step if someone is experiencing a severe asthma attack? 第一步是帮助伤者使用其急救吸入器（如沙丁胺醇），并立即寻求医疗援助。 1. 闭合性骨折的定义 Which of the following best describes a closed fracture? 闭合性骨折是指骨头断裂但皮肤未破损。 2. 脱臼的症状 Which of the following is a symptom of a dislocation? 脱臼的症状包括关节畸形、剧烈疼痛和无法活动。 3. RICE 原则中的“I” What does the "I" in RICE stand for when treating bone and joint injuries? “I”代表冰敷（Ice），用于减轻肿胀和疼痛。 1. 头部受伤的体征 Which of the following is a sign of a head injury? 体征包括头痛、意识模糊、呕吐和瞳孔不等大。 2. 脊柱损伤的症状 What symptom suggests a spinal injury? 症状包括颈部或背部疼痛、肢体麻木或无力，以及失去对膀胱或肠道的控制。 3. 疑似骨盆损伤的急救步骤 What is the appropriate first aid step for a suspected pelvic injury? 应避免移动伤者，固定骨盆区域，并立即寻求专业医疗援助。 1. 穿透性胸部伤口的描述 Which of the following best describes a penetrating chest wound? 穿透性胸部伤口是指外部物体刺入胸腔，可能导致气胸或血胸。 2. 连枷胸的显著体征 What is a distinguishing sign of a flail chest? 连枷胸的显著体征是胸壁的一部分在呼吸时出现反常运动（向内凹陷） 。 1. 毒物进入体内的方式 Which method of poison entry into the body is characterized by symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and breathing issues? 吸入毒物通常表现为头痛、头晕和呼吸困难。 2. 吸入毒物的急救第一步 What is the first step to take for first aid if a casualty has inhaled a poison? 第一步是将伤者移至空气新鲜处，并确保其呼吸道通畅。 3. 动物咬伤止血后的处理 What should be done immediately after controlling bleeding from an animal bite? 用肥皂和水彻底清洗伤口，并尽快就医以预防感染。 1. 低体温的阶段 Which of the following is a stage of hypothermia where the body temperature drops 2-4°C below normal? 中度低体温阶段，体温低于正常 2-4°C。 2. 冻伤的常见症状 Which symptom is commonly associated with frostbite? 冻伤的常见症状包括皮肤苍白、麻木、刺痛感和硬如蜡状。 3. 中暑的关键体征 What is a key sign of heatstroke? 关键体征包括体温极高（超过 40°C） 、意识混乱和皮肤干燥发红。 1. 无人目击的心脏骤停 During an unattended cardiac arrest, what should the first rescuer do until the second rescuer returns? 第一位施救者应立即开始胸外按压，并持续至第二位施救者返回。 2. 目击心脏骤停时第二位施救者的角色 In a witnessed cardiac arrest with two rescuers, what is the role of the second rescuer when they start CPR? 第二位施救者应准备并使用 AED，同时协助第一位施救者进行 CPR。 1. AED 可治疗的心律 Which of the following heart rhythms can be treated with an AED? AED 可用于治疗心室颤动（VF）和无脉性室性心动过速（VT）。 2. 使用 AED 后的步骤 When using an AED, what should be done after turning it on? 按照 AED 的语音提示，将电极片贴在伤者胸部，并确保无人接触伤者后进行分析。 3. 心血管急症的急救第一步 What should you do first when you encounter a casualty with a cardiovascular emergency? 第一步是拨打急救电话，并立即开始 CPR（如果伤者无反应且无呼吸） 。 1. 儿童严重气道阻塞的体征 What is a sign of a severe airway obstruction in a child? 体征包括无法说话、咳嗽微弱或无声、呼吸困难和皮肤发绀。 2. 儿童严重气道阻塞的急救第一步 What is the first step to take for a conscious child with a severe airway obstruction? 第一步是进行背部拍击和胸部冲击（海姆立克急救法）。 3. 儿童 CPR 的按压深度 When performing chest compressions on a child during CPR, what is the recommended depth? 按压深度约为胸部前后径的 1/3，通常为 5 厘米左右。 1. 婴儿呼吸急症的常见原因 Which of the following is a common cause of infant breathing emergencies? 常见原因包括窒息、呼吸道感染和异物阻塞。 2. 婴儿窒息的急救第一步 What should you do first when assisting a choking infant? 第一步是进行 5 次背部拍击和 5 次胸部按压。 3. 婴儿 CPR 的按压深度 When performing chest compressions on an infant, what is the recommended depth of compressions? 按压深度约为 4 厘米。 1. 医护人员 BLS 流程的第一步 What is the first step in the BLS sequence for a healthcare provider when encountering an unresponsive person? 第一步是确保现场安全，并检查伤者是否有反应和呼吸。 2. 成人高质量 CPR 的按压速率 During high-quality CPR for an adult, what is the recommended rate of chest compressions per minute? 推荐的按压速率是每分钟 100-120 次。 3. 单人成人 CPR 的按压与通气比例 In BLS, what is the appropriate compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer performing CPR on an adult? 按压与通气的比例为 30:2。