Molasses-Fermented Organic Liquid Fertilizer Scallions PDF

**MOLASSES-FERMENTED ORGANIC LIQUID FERTILIZER IN THE YIELD OF SCALLIONS** **A Research Paper in Senior High Department** **submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements** **in Practical Research 2** **Hingpit, Richard Rainer A.** **Cuartero, Mist Cirilo** **Trugillo, Rhenz Ashley** **...

**MOLASSES-FERMENTED ORGANIC LIQUID FERTILIZER IN THE YIELD OF SCALLIONS** **A Research Paper in Senior High Department** **submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements** **in Practical Research 2** **Hingpit, Richard Rainer A.** **Cuartero, Mist Cirilo** **Trugillo, Rhenz Ashley** **Arjona, Anika Cyra** **Guazon, Luvi Dane** **Sugian, Chanan Joel** **Cortez, Izle** **Researchers** **[Karl Sebastian Y. Josol, LPT]** **Secondary School Teacher-III** **Adviser[\ ]** **Chapter 1** **THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND** 1. **Introduction** Traditionally, molasses has been used in a variety of industries, including food production, biofuel generation, and livestock feed. However, its application in agriculture, particularly as a key ingredient in organic fertilizers, has gained significant attention. Molasses serves as a carbon source, enhancing microbial activity during composting and fermentation processes, which are crucial for the decomposition of organic matter and the subsequent release of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Globally, the use of molasses-fermented fertilizers is supported by numerous studies highlighting their effectiveness in improving soil fertility and crop yields. Otani et al. (2022) demonstrated that potassium recovery from molasses is efficient and beneficial for organic farming systems. In the Philippines, studies have shown that the application of molasses-based fertilizers not only enhances soil fertility but also supports the country\'s goal of promoting organic agriculture. A study by Fuentes et al. (2021) highlighted the potential of locally produced molasses-fermented fertilizers in reducing dependency on synthetic fertilizers, aligning with national efforts to promote sustainable farming practices. The excessive use of synthetic chemical fertilizers in agriculture has led to a range of environmental issues, including soil degradation, water pollution, and biodiversity loss. These fertilizers, while effective in boosting short-term yields, often lead to long-term soil exhaustion and contamination of groundwater due to nutrient leaching and runoff. In the Philippines, where agriculture is a primary livelihood for millions of small-scale farmers, these environmental challenges pose a serious threat to both the ecosystem and agricultural sustainability. The reliance on imported chemical fertilizers further exacerbates the problem, driving up costs for farmers and increasing dependency on non-renewable resources. Organic fertilizers, such as molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF), offer a sustainable alternative that addresses these environmental concerns. Molasses, a byproduct of the sugar industry, is rich in essential nutrients like potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Its fermentation process enhances the bioavailability of these nutrients, supporting plant growth while promoting soil health through increased microbial activity (Fuess et al., 2018; Otani et al., 2022). The use of MOLF not only reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers but also minimizes the environmental impact of farming practices by enhancing soil organic matter and preventing nutrient runoff, which is a leading cause of water pollution (Zani et al., 2018). In this context, evaluating the effectiveness of MOLF on the yield of scallions (Allium fistulosum) is crucial. Scallions are an economically important crop for small-scale farmers in the Philippines, and finding environmentally friendly ways to enhance their production could help address the twin challenges of food security and environmental sustainability. This research seeks to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on organic farming by exploring how MOLF can support sustainable scallion production, reduce environmental harm, and provide an affordable alternative to chemical fertilizers. 2. **Conceptual Framework** **Figure 1. Conceptual Framework** Our conceptual framework revolves around the use of molasses and NPK-rich materials as primary inputs to produce molasses-fermented organic fertilizer. The fermentation process transforms these materials into a nutrient-rich substance that can enhance soil health and promote plant growth. To evaluate the effectiveness of this organic fertilizer, we will conduct experiments that involve applying it to plants, specifically on scallions. By measuring key plant growth parameters---such as height, leaf count, and overall vigor---as well as assessing the yield of scallions, we aim to determine the efficacy of the molasses-fermented fertilizer. This systematic approach not only helps in understanding the benefits of organic fertilization but also contributes to sustainable agricultural practices by providing an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fertilizers. **Independent Variable:** Application of Molasses-Fermented Organic Liquid Fertilizer (MOLF) This represents the use of MOLF on scallion crops, which is the primary intervention being studied. **Dependent Variable:** Scallion Yield This is the primary outcome being measured, including factors like growth rate, plant height, and overall production. **Mediating Variables:** Molasses MOLF is expected to increase the bioavailability of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), which mediate the relationship between MOLF and scallion yield. NPK rich materials The fermentation process in MOLF promotes soil microbial activity, which could further enhance nutrient cycling and availability, indirectly influencing scallion growth. **Moderating Variables:** Different soil types and pre-existing soil conditions can moderate the effect of MOLF on scallion yield, as some soils may be more responsive to organic fertilizers. 3. **Statement of the Problem** The prevalent use of local synthetic fertilizers has significantly impacted soil fertility and chemical composition, leading to increased soil acidity and diminished agricultural yields. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) as a sustainable alternative, addressing the existing gap in scientific understanding regarding its application and benefits. This research seeks to answer the following statements: 1. In what ways can the application of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer serve as an alternative source of fertilizer in crop production, specifically regarding its impact on overall yield (measured in grams per square meter) compared to synthetic fertilizers? 2. What are the measurable effects of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer on specific growth indicators of scallions, including: a. Average plant height (measured in centimeters) after two weeks of application? b. Weekly growth rate (measured in centimeters per week) during the growth period? c. Total yield (measured in grams per plant) at the time of harvest? 3. What is the availability and concentration of key components required for formulating molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer, specifically: a. Quantity of molasses (in liters) available from local sources? b. Concentration of NPK-rich organic materials (measured in grams per liter) needed in the formulation? 4. What measurable environmental benefits can be observed from the application of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer, including: a. Nutrient retention in the soil, measured by comparing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels (in mg/kg) before and after application? 4. **Hypotheses** Based on the problems above, the following null/alternative hypotheses are made: H~O~: The application of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) has no significant effect on the yield, growth rate, or nutrient uptake of scallions compared to synthetic fertilizers or untreated plots. H~A~: The application of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) significantly increases the yield, growth rate, and nutrient uptake of scallions compared to synthetic fertilizers or untreated plots. 5. **Significance of the Study** This study on the effectiveness of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) in enhancing scallion yield holds significant relevance across various sectors: **Environment.** The use of MOLF aligns with sustainable agricultural practices, reducing the reliance on synthetic chemical fertilizers, which can cause long-term soil degradation, water contamination, and biodiversity loss. Organic fertilizers like MOLF improve soil health by increasing organic matter content, enhancing soil structure, and promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms, contributing to the restoration and preservation of ecosystems (Zani et al., 2018). **Farmers**. By evaluating the efficacy of MOLF, this study can provide farmers, particularly those engaged in small-scale or organic farming, with an affordable and accessible alternative to synthetic fertilizers. The use of MOLF may increase scallion yields and contribute to higher income for farmers, while also reducing input costs associated with conventional fertilizers. The results of this study may encourage more farmers to adopt sustainable farming practices, promoting long-term soil fertility and economic resilience (Fuentes et al., 2021). **Agriculture.** In the context of the Philippines, where agriculture is a key economic sector, this study can support the national goal of promoting organic farming and reducing dependency on imported fertilizers. By providing scientific evidence on the effectiveness of molasses-based fertilizers, this research can help inform agricultural policies aimed at improving food security and sustainability. Moreover, it can contribute to scaling up organic farming practices nationwide, fostering healthier soils and more sustainable food production systems (Otani et al., 2022). **Future Researchers.** This study will serve as a foundation for future research in organic fertilizers, specifically those derived from agricultural byproducts like molasses. It can help future researchers explore other crop varieties, soil types, and environmental conditions. Additionally, the study\'s findings can inspire further exploration of the long-term effects of MOLF on soil health, plant productivity, and its potential scalability for broader agricultural applications. The results can contribute to the growing body of literature on sustainable agriculture and organic fertilizer development. 6. **Scope and Delimitation** **This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of molasses-fermented organic** **liquid fertilizer (MOLF) on the yield of scallions (Allium fistulosum). The research will specifically focus on the impact of MOLF on crop yield, measuring factors such as growth rate, plant height, and overall production volume. The study will be conducted in a controlled environment to ensure consistency and reliability of the data. While molasses is known for its ability to enhance nutrient availability and support microbial activity in the soil (Fuess et al., 2018), this research will be limited to its application on scallions, a high-value crop widely grown in the Philippines.** **The study will not cover the effects of MOLF on other crops, nor will it evaluate other types of organic or synthetic fertilizers for comparison. Additionally, factors such as soil microbiome diversity, long-term soil health, and environmental impact will not be included in the analysis. The geographic focus is limited to a single locality in the Philippines, and the research period will cover one cropping cycle, which may limit the generalizability of the findings across different regions or seasons. However, the results are expected to provide valuable insights into the potential of MOLF to improve scallion yields, supporting sustainable farming practices in the region.** 7. **Definition of Terms** **Molasses-Fermented Organic Liquid Fertilizer (MOLF)- In this study, MOLF refers to an organic liquid fertilizer derived from the fermentation of molasses, which is rich in sugars and minerals. It is used to enhance the growth and yield of scallions by supplying essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK)** **Scallions (Spring Onions)- A type of green onion, scallions are the primary crop in this research. The term operationally refers to the plant species used for testing the effectiveness of MOLF in increasing agricultural yields, specifically focusing on growth rate, plant height, and overall crop productivity.** **Yield-This term refers to the amount of scallion produced per unit area as a result of applying MOLF. It will be measured in terms of biomass production, which includes the weight of harvested scallions and their growth performance during the experiment.** **Soil Fertility- This refers to the soil\'s ability to provide essential nutrients to plants, particularly after the application of MOLF. Operationally, it is measured by the improvement in soil nutrient levels, organic matter content, and overall plant growth performance.** **Fermentation- In this study, fermentation refers to the biological process through which molasses is broken down by microorganisms, making nutrients more bioavailable for scallion growth. The fermented solution is then used as the organic fertilizer (MOLF).** **Sustainability- In the context of this research, sustainability refers to the ability of MOLF to improve crop yields while minimizing negative environmental impacts, such as soil degradation and nutrient runoff, which are commonly associated with synthetic fertilizers.** **Organic Farming- A farming system that uses natural inputs such as organic fertilizers, including MOLF, without relying on synthetic chemicals. The operational definition here focuses on the use of MOLF in promoting environmentally friendly agricultural practices and enhancing scallion production.** **Chapter 2** **REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE** **2.1 Related Literature** **FOREIGN STUDIES** Fuess et al. (2018), in their study titled Effects of Molasses Application on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield, reported that molasses significantly improved soil fertility by enhancing the availability of essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The study highlighted that crops treated with molasses exhibited better growth performance and increased yield compared to untreated plots. This aligns with the objectives of this research, which aims to determine whether MOLF can provide similar benefits in scallion production. Naveed et al. (2018) conducted a review titled Molasses as a Natural Fertilizer: A Review of Its Benefits and Applications published in the International Journal of Agricultural Science, summarizing the benefits of molasses in promoting sustainable agriculture. The authors discussed the role of molasses in supporting organic farming practices, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers, and enhancing soil organic matter content. The review emphasized that molasses acts as a nutrient extractor, providing an eco-friendly and cost-effective option for farmers, supporting the study\'s relevance in exploring the efficacy of MOLF for small-scale farmers in the Philippines. Otani et al. (2022), in their study The Role of Molasses in Enhancing Soil Microbial Activity and Crop Growth, found that molasses application positively influences soil microbial dynamics, increasing beneficial microbial populations that play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and plant health. The study, published in the Journal of Soil Biology, showed that the fermentation of molasses leads to the production of organic acids, which stimulate microbial growth, further enhancing soil quality and crop productivity. This finding is significant for the present research, which aims to evaluate whether the microbial enhancement properties of MOLF can translate into increased scallion yield. Zani et al. (2018) evaluated molasses as an effective organic fertilizer in their study, Evaluation of Molasses as an Organic Fertilizer in Sustainable Agriculture Practices, published in the Journal of Environmental Management. They found that molasses-treated soils had better nutrient retention and structure compared to those treated with conventional fertilizers. These findings underscore the environmental benefits of using molasses as a fertilizer, reducing the negative impacts of chemical inputs on soil and water bodies. Finally, Fuentes et al. (2021), in their study titled The Impact of Sugarcane Molasses on Crop Productivity and Soil Microbial Dynamics published in the Agronomy Journal, discussed the role of sugarcane molasses in boosting crop productivity and enhancing soil microbial interactions. The authors observed that molasses improved both plant growth and microbial activity in the soil, leading to healthier and more productive crops. The implications of these results are directly applicable to the current study, as MOLF is expected to improve scallion productivity through similar mechanisms. **Local Studies** In 2010, the Republic Act 10068 or Organic Agriculture Act (OAA) was signed to promote and further develop the practice of organic agriculture in the Philippines. The BSWM is one of the implementing agencies of the OAA and National Organic Agriculture Program (NOAP). Several provisions of the law emphasized soil quality and health, and organic fertilizer production as the basis of sustainability of organic agriculture. In Section 2 of the OAA, the policy statement highlights the importance of enriching the fertility of soil and the need to undertake a comprehensive program for the promotion of community-based organic fertilizers together with a nationwide educational and promotional campaign for the use and processing, as well as the adoption of organic agricultural system as a viable alternative to conventional production system. Moreover, in Section 4, it is encouraged to establish facilities, equipment and processing plants that would catalyze the production and commercialization of organic fertilizers. With these provisions in the law, the BSWM plays a pivotal role in conducting researches and promoting different soil management strategies and production inputs, particularly, fertilizers, microbial inoculants and soil amendment (Bautista et. Al) **The use of organic fertilizers, including molasses-based formulations, has gained significant attention among Filipino researchers for its potential benefits in sustainable agriculture. Cruz, Dela Cruz, and Santos (2019) conducted a study on the effects of organic liquid fertilizers on the yield of leafy vegetables commonly grown in the Philippines. Their research found that organic fertilizers can significantly enhance plant growth and yield while being a more environmentally friendly alternative compared to chemical fertilizers (Cruz et al., 2019).** **Reyes and Bautista (2020) focused on the utilization of molasses in small-scale organic farming in Mindanao. Their study highlighted the benefits of molasses as both a nutrient source and a microbial enhancer, improving soil fertility and increasing vegetable yield (Reyes & Bautista, 2020). This demonstrates that molasses can be a valuable input for farmers with limited resources, promoting sustainable agricultural practices.** **In Laguna, Ramos, Villanueva, and Garcia (2021) compared the effects of organic liquid fertilizers, including molasses-fermented solutions, with synthetic fertilizers on tomato production. The findings indicated that the organic fertilizers positively influenced the quality and yield of tomatoes while contributing to long-term soil health (Ramos et al., 2021). Such studies reinforce the idea that organic fertilizers are a viable alternative to chemical inputs in improving crop productivity.** **Another study by De Guzman, Alcaraz, and Ponce (2018) examined the use of molasses as a microbial enhancer in vermiculture. The researchers found that adding molasses to vermiculture setups increased microbial activity, leading to accelerated decomposition of organic matter and enhanced nutrient availability in vermicompost (De Guzman et al., 2018). This study highlights the role of molasses in boosting the efficiency of organic waste management, which can benefit local farmers who produce their compost.** **Mendoza and Castillo (2022) explored the impact of locally produced organic fertilizers, including molasses-based formulations, on urban agriculture in Metro Manila. Their study showed that using organic fertilizers resulted in healthier crops, reduced pest incidence, and increased yield compared to conventional methods (Mendoza & Castillo, 2022). Additionally, the study emphasized the role of urban agriculture in addressing food security issues in densely populated areas, thus contributing to both environmental sustainability and public welfare.** **Chapter 3** **RESEARCH METHODOLOGY** 1. **Research Design** This study utilizes an experimental research design to determine the effectiveness of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) on the yield of scallions (Allium fistulosum). Experimental research is considered appropriate because it allows for precise control over variables, ensuring that any observed changes in scallion growth can be attributed to the treatment (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). By manipulating the independent variable---application of MOLF---and measuring the resulting effects on scallion yield, this research can establish cause-and-effect relationships (Campbell & Stanley, 1963). The experiment will include two groups: the treatment group, which will receive MOLF, and the control group, which will either receive synthetic fertilizer or no fertilizer at all. The use of control and treatment groups helps establish a baseline for comparison, ensuring that the effects of MOLF can be accurately evaluated (Cohen, Manion, & Morrison, 2018). Random assignment will be employed to minimize selection bias and ensure comparability between groups, which is crucial for internal validity (Shadish, Cook, & Campbell, 2002). Measurements will focus on dependent variables such as growth rate, plant height, and total yield. The experimental research design also incorporates mediating (nutrient availability and microbial activity) and moderating variables (soil type and weather conditions) to understand the broader impacts of MOLF application on scallion productivity. This approach aligns with the recommendations of Trochim and Donnelly (2006) for comprehensively analyzing direct and indirect effects within experimental research. **3.2 Subject of the Study** The subjects of this study are scallion plants (Allium fistulosum), which will be grown in experimental plots to evaluate the effects of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF). The study will utilize multiple plots to ensure accurate and reliable comparisons between the treatment group (receiving MOLF) and the control group (receiving either synthetic fertilizer or no fertilizer). The scallion plants will be cultivated under controlled conditions, and each plot will be randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group. This setup will help reduce variability and allow for more precise measurement of the impact of MOLF on growth indicators such as plant height, growth rate, and overall yield. The chosen location will represent typical growing conditions for scallions in the Philippines, allowing the findings to be more generalizable to local farmers. Additionally, a consistent number of scallion plants will be grown per plot to standardize the experimental setup, ensuring that differences in yield can be directly attributed to the effects of the fertilizer. **3.3 Setting of the Study** The study will be conducted entirely at the researcher\'s house. The fermentation process of the molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) will be carried out in a controlled environment within the residence to ensure proper management of fermentation conditions. This setting allows for close monitoring of factors such as temperature and time, which are crucial for producing high-quality fertilizer. The cultivation and tracking of scallion growth will also take place in a garden area at the researcher\'s house. This setup provides an accessible and manageable environment, representative of small-scale farming conditions, to assess the impact of MOLF. Experimental and control plots will be laid out in the garden, with adequate separation to prevent cross-contamination between the treatments, allowing for an accurate comparison of the effects of MOLF on scallion growth and yield. **3.4 Research Materials** The research instruments used in this study will include both materials for data collection and tools for measurement to accurately assess the effects of molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer (MOLF) on scallion growth and yield. Materials Function --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1\. Kangkong Leaves Kangkong, or water spinach, is rich in nutrients and organic matter, making it an excellent addition to the fermentation process. When incorporated into molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer, the leaves contribute essential micronutrients and enhance microbial activity, promoting a richer nutrient profile that supports plant health and growth. 2. Lemons Lemons contain citric acid and other organic acids that can help lower soil pH, making nutrients more accessible to plants. By incorporating lemon juice or peels into the fermentation process, the acidity can also create a favorable environment for beneficial microbes, improving the overall effectiveness of the molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer. 3\. Molasses As the primary ingredient in the fermentation process, molasses serves as a rich source of carbohydrates that fuels the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Its high sugar content promotes microbial fermentation, resulting in a nutrient-dense organic liquid fertilizer that can enhance soil fertility and plant growth when applied. 4\. Eggshells Eggshells are a valuable source of calcium, which is essential for plant cell wall structure and overall health. When crushed and added to the molasses fermentation process, eggshells not only provide calcium but also improve the nutrient balance of the fertilizer, helping to prevent blossom end rot in plants like tomatoes and peppers, and contributing to the overall efficacy of the molasses-fermented organic liquid fertilizer. **Growth Measurement Tools:** Materials Function ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Digital Weighing Scale A digital scale will be used to measure the weight of the harvested scallion yield, ensuring precise quantification of the total biomass produced in both treatment and control plots. 2\. Measuring Tape A measuring tape or ruler will be used to measure the height of scallion plants at regular intervals. Measurements will be taken from the base of the plant to the tip of the longest leaf to ensure consistency. **Fermentation Monitoring Instruments:** Materials Function --------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1\. Thermometer A thermometer will be used to monitor the temperature during the fermentation process of the MOLF to ensure optimal conditions for microbial activity. 2\. pH Strips/Meter pH strips or a pH meter will be used to monitor changes in acidity during the fermentation process, helping to determine when the molasses mixture is fully fermented. **Observation Checklist and Record Forms:** An observation checklist will be used to record qualitative data, such as the appearance of the plants (e.g., leaf color, presence of pests). A record form will also be used to systematically document quantitative data such as plant height, number of leaves, and yield measurements. Material Function --------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Camera A camera will be used to document the physical growth of the scallion plants and the overall experimental setup. This visual evidence will provide additional support for the findings and allow for better communication of results in presentations or reports. **3.6 Data Gathering Procedure** **The data gathering procedure for this study will be carried out in several phases to ensure a systematic approach:** 1. **Preparation and Fermentation of MOLF:** **and fermented at the researcher\'s location. The detailed process is as follows:** a. **Ingredient Collection: Gather the necessary materials, including molasses, water, kangkong leaves, crushed eggshells, and lemon juice.** b. **Nutrient Addition: Incorporate between 200 grams of chopped kangkong leaves and 50 grams crushed eggshells into the mixture. Add the juice of 1 lemon.** c. **Fermentation Setup: Transfer the mixture into a fermentation vessel (such as a glass jar or plastic container). Cover it with a breathable cloth to allow airflow while preventing contamination.** d. **Controlled Conditions: Place the fermentation vessel in a warm, dark area with a stable temperature of approximately 25-30°C (77-86°F). Monitor the pH of the mixture to maintain it between 4.5 and 6.0 and add warm water after the first week.** e. **Fermentation Duration: Allow the mixture to ferment for 2 weeks, observing changes in odor and consistency to ensure successful fermentation.** 2. **Planting and Treatment Application:** a. **Experimental Setup: Select a garden area and divide it into two sets of plots:** b. **Control Group: This group will consist of plots that receive no fertilizer or will be treated with a standard synthetic fertilizer (e.g., NPK at a recommended rate).** c. **Treatment Group: This group will receive the MOLF, applied at a rate of 1 liter per square meter.** d. **Fertilization: Scallion saplings are fertilized in both the control and treatment plots at the same time, ensuring that all plots receive identical growing conditions (same soil type, sunlight, and watering schedule).** e. **Application Schedule: Apply MOLF to the treatment plots every two weeks, while monitoring the control plots as per standard fertilizer application guidelines.** 3. **Data Collection:** a. **Plant Height: Measured in centimeters from the base to the tip of the tallest leaf.** b. **Number of Leaves: Counted for each plant to assess overall growth.** c. **Growth Rate: Calculated as the increase in height over specified time intervals.** d. **Overall Yield: Measured by weighing the total biomass (in grams) of harvested scallions per plot at the end of the growing period.** **Additionally, soil samples will be collected periodically (e.g., at planting, mid-growth, and at harvest) to measure:** a. **Nutrient Availability: Concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (in mg/kg).** b. **pH Levels: Recorded to monitor changes due to fertilizer application.** 4. **Harvest and Yield Measurement:** a. **Total Biomass: Weighed in grams for each plot.** b. **Number of Scallions: Counted per plot to evaluate productivity.** c. **Photographic Evidence: Document the growth stages and final harvest to support findings.** **3.7 Data Analysis** The collected data will be analyzed to determine the effectiveness of MOLF compared to the control treatments. 1\. Descriptive Statistics: Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and frequency distribution will be used to summarize the data on growth rate, plant height, and yield for both the treatment and control groups. These statistics will provide an overview of the differences observed in the scallion plants between the groups. 2\. Inferential Statistics: To evaluate the significance of the effects of MOLF on scallion yield, a statistical test such as the t-test will be used to compare the means of the treatment and control groups. This will help determine whether the differences in yield and growth parameters are statistically significant. If the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variances are not met, a Mann-Whitney U test may be used as a non-parametric alternative. 3\. Correlation Analysis: Correlation analysis will be conducted to explore the relationship between nutrient availability in the soil and scallion growth parameters. This will help determine whether higher nutrient content in the soil, due to the application of MOLF, is associated with better plant growth and yield. The results will be presented in tables and graphs to facilitate understanding and interpretation. A significance level of 0.05 will be used to assess the null hypothesis, and any p-values less than this threshold will indicate a significant effect of MOLF on scallion yield. The findings will then be discussed in the context of the existing literature to determine their implications for sustainable agricultural practices. **REFERENCES** **Journals** FAO (2023). The Future of Food and Agriculture. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cc7724en Jones, J. B. (2019). Controlled Environment Agriculture: A Review. HortTechnology, 29(3), 257-265. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308521X23000781 Smith, A., et al. (2022). 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