Sampling Procedure for Quantitative Research PDF

Unit 5: Quantitative Research Design and Methodology Lesson 2 Sampling Procedure for Quantitative Research Practical Research 2 Senior High School Applied - Academic How can you ensure that the sample is representative of the population you are studying? EXPLOR EVA...

Unit 5: Quantitative Research Design and Methodology Lesson 2 Sampling Procedure for Quantitative Research Practical Research 2 Senior High School Applied - Academic How can you ensure that the sample is representative of the population you are studying? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 2  Identify the different sampling techniques. Learning Choose an appropriate Objectives sampling technique for a At the end of the research study. lesson, you should be able to do the Determine the sample size following: based on your target population. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 33 Something to think about 1. What are the limitations of the survey with regard to the sampling of their participants? 2. How can researchers ensure that the participants for their research represent a target population? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 44  Sampling in Quantitative Research Population is a group of people possessing a similar characteristic. Sample pertains to the subgroup or a portion from a population. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 55 What is the difference between sampling in quantitative and qualitative research? 6  In probability sampling, all individuals from the target Probability population have an equal Sampling chance of being selected for the sample. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 7  Simple Random Sampling Simple random sampling is when the researcher randomly selects their participants from a list of all the individuals from the population. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 88  Systematic Random Sampling In systematic random sampling, the researcher randomly decides on a starting point in the list and chooses every nth case from the population. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 99  Stratified Random Sampling Stratified random sampling pertains to the division of the target population into subgroups and randomly selects participants from each subgroup. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 10 10  Sample is chosen by the Non-probability researcher from the target Sampling population rather than being randomly selected. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 11 What could be a disadvantage of using non-probability sampling? 12  Convenience Sampling In convenience sampling, the researcher recruits participants who are readily available and accessible to participate in the research study. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 13 13  Quota Sampling Quota sampling involves selecting people from different subgroups from the target population. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 14 14  Purposive Sampling In purposive sampling, the researcher chooses their participants intentionally because they are considered as most suitable for the research study. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 15 15  Snowball Sampling Snowball sampling is done when the researcher contacts few potential participants and asks them if they can refer more participants having similar characteristics as them. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 16 16 Remember Non-probability sampling is used to address practical concerns in a research study. The most common methods under this technique are convenience, quota, purposive, and snowball sampling. 17  A sample size is the actual number of individuals who Sample Size participated in the research study and contributed significant data. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 18 Suggest a Solution Company XYZ is conducting its mandatory random drug testing. The company is divided into five departments. Rica, a clinic staff, needs at least 100 employees to participate in the drug testing. Rica called each department and asked employees who are available to take part in the drug testing. EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 19  Quick Check 1. What are some of the differences between probability and nonprobability sampling? 2. What are the things to be considered when deciding on your sample size? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 20  Quick Check Nadia listed the names of all her classmates in strips of paper and put them inside a box. She is going to ask the first 20 names that she will draw out to answer a survey for her research paper. What sampling technique did Nadia use? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 21 21  Wrap Up The goal of sampling in quantitative research is to obtain a sample of individuals who are representative of the target population. The techniques used in sampling for quantitative research are probability and non-probability sampling. 22  Wrap Up Probability sampling is categorized into simple, systematic, and stratified random sampling. Convenience, quota, purposive, and snowball sampling are the most common types of non-probability sampling. 23 Wrap Up  Bibliography Coolican, Hugh. Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology. 6th ed. New York: Psychology Press, 2014. Howitt, Dennis, and Duncan Cramer. Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology. England: Pearson, 2014. Kumar, Ranjit. Research Methodology: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners. 3rd ed. London: SAGE Publications Ltd., 2011. Langdridge, Darren, and Gareth Hagger-Johnson. Introduction to Research Methods and Data Analysis in Psychology. 3rd ed. England: Pearson, 2013. Leary, Mark R. Introduction to Behavioral Research Methods. 6th ed. New Jersey: Pearson, 2012. Plano Clark, Vicki L., and John W. Creswell. Understanding Research: A Consumer’s Guide. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Pearson, 2015. 25 Exercise Suppose you plan to conduct a study among 1,500 Grade 11 students enrolled in the STEM track. How many respondents are needed using a margin of error of 2%? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 26 Exercise Consider the sections below: STEM 1 - 300 STEM 2 - 800 STEM 3 – 400 If stratified sampling is to be done, how many students should be selected in each section? EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 27 Worksheet If there are 1,200 junior high school students, how many students should be drawn from each year level with a margin of error of 5%? Grade 7 350 Grade 8 300 Grade 9 280 Grade 10 270 EXPLOR EVALUAT ENGAGE EXPLAIN EXTEND 28