ICT Computers PDF

The Computer Defined Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Modern...

The Computer Defined Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Modern Electronic Converts data computers are device into information digital Two digits combine to make data (0, 1) Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition data A range of were analog values made Older computers The Computer Defined Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition were analog type -- the old- Older computers fashioned slide rule A more manageable The Computer Defined Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition users but can be person at a time. used by only one Computers can be shared by multiple Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition they also can be Although PCs are to create networks. connected together used by individuals, Computers for Individual Use  Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Desktop computers The most Sits on the desk Performs a common type or floor variety of tasks of computer Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Desktop Different computers design types Computers for Individual Use  Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Workstations Specialized computers Optimized for science or graphics More powerful than a desktop Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition computers Small portable Notebook computers Computers for Individual Use 3 and 8 pounds Weighs between  Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Notebook computers Typically as About 8 ½ by 11 Can include a powerful as a inches docking station desktop  Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Tablet computers Newest Run specialized Input is through a development in versions of office pen portable computers products  Computers for Individual Use Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Handheld computers, palm computer Note taking or Data can Very small Personal Digital contact synchronize computers Assistants (PDA) management with a desktop Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Hybrid of cell phone and PDA Smart phones Computers for Individual Use mail access Web surfing, e- Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition computer Centralized Network servers connect All other computers Computers for Organizations  Computers for Organizations Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Network servers Provides access Multiple servers Often simply a to network are called server powerful resources farms desktop: Google Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition servers Network if away from the offices. means of connecting even Users use the Internet as a Computers for Organizations  Computers for Organizations Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Minicomputers Called midrange computers Power between mainframe and desktop Handle hundreds of users Used in smaller organizations Users access through a terminal  Computers for Organizations Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Used in large organizations Handle thousands of Mainframes users Users access through a terminal  Computers for Organizations Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Supercomputers The most powerful computers made Handle large and complex calculations Process trillions of operations per second Found in research organizations  Reading Activity Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Business Banking and Financial Industrial Areas Role of Education Medical computer in Legal Government Entertainment Daily life Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Hardware Software Parts of the Computer System Data User Computer systems have four parts  Parts of the Computer System Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Mechanical Thousands Anything Tell the devices in Also called of that can be computer the a program programs touched what to do computer exist Hardware Software  Parts of the Computer System Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Pieces of information Data Computers organize and present data People operating the computer Users Most important part Tell the computer what to do Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Input Storage Output Processing Information Processing Cycle Steps followed to process data  Essential Computer Hardware Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Computers use the Hardware categorized into four types same basic hardware Input & Storage Processor Memory Output Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Essential Computer Hardware  Essential Computer Hardware Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Processing Brains of the computer devices Carries out instructions from the program Most computers have several processors Central Processing Unit (CPU) Processors made of silicon and copper  Essential Computer Hardware Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Memory Stores data or devices programs Volatile Random Access Stores current data and programs Memory (RAM) More RAM results in a faster system Permanent storage of programs Read Only Memory (ROM) Holds the computer boot directions  Essential Computer Hardware Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Allows the user to interact Input and Input devices accept data Keyboard, mouse output devices Output devices deliver data Monitor, printer, speaker Some devices are input Touch screens and output  Essential Computer Hardware Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Storage devices Hold data and Different from programs Magnetic storage Optical storage RAM permanently Uses a Floppy and CD and DVD Uses a laser magnet to hard drive drives to access data access data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition to do Tells the computer what System software Software Runs the Machine Two types software Application  Software Runs the Machine Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Most important software Operating system System Windows XP Network operating system (OS) software Windows Server 2003 Utility Symantec AntiVirus  Software Runs the Machine Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Accomplishes a specific task Application Most common MS Word software type of software Covers most common uses of computers  Computer Users Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Setup the system Role depends Install software on ability Manage files Maintain the system “Userless” Run with no user input computers Automated systems  Parts of Information Computer Computer System Processing Cycle Hardware & Software End of Chapter 2A  The Internet’s History Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition 1969 – Developed by the Department of Defense ARPANET Connected universities and defense bases Advanced Research Projects Administration Network 1973 – ARPANET connects to Europe  Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Advanced Research Projects Agency Network The Internet’s History  The Internet’s History Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Network between supercomputers Mid-1980s – Internet was the link to ARPANET NSFNet No commercial traffic allowed National Science Foundation Network ARPANET shut down 1990s NSFNet abandoned Commercial networks take over  Today and the Future Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Access is 100,000 new available web sites per throughout the month U.S. More than 50% Eventually of U.S. access will be households global online Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Internet Growth  The Internet’s Major Services Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Developed in 1993 by Tim- Berners Lee The World Allowed Electronic Wide Web connection of mail (e- documents Instantaneous (WWW) mail) transmission of Required a documents browser to read documents  The Internet’s Major Services Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition File Transfer News Protocol (FTP) Electronic Often called Sends and discussions on newsgroups receives files several topics  The Internet’s Major Services Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Instant Chat Peer-to-peer services messaging Allows Illegal to Public real Private real Napster and sharing of share time time Kazaa are files among copyrighted conversation conversation examples users material  Accessing The Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Internet Company that provides Internet access Service Provider (ISP) Dialup Connects to Internet through phone line Modem connects to the phone line Slow connection  Accessing The Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition High-speed access Connect 2 – 25 times DSL, Cable, T1 through a faster than are common special line dialup  Understanding the Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition The The Web Internet simplifies allows The Web connects documents the accessing Internet resources Hypertext Documents creates HTTP are stored links delivers on a web between documents server documents  Understanding the Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Web site is a collection of Hypertext Markup Language documents Pages are Describes Content Document is Creates web conte published to how pages enclosed in a web page pages nt the web should look tags  Understanding The Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Browsers Read and translate the HTML Display web content Uniform Resource Address of a web page Locator (URL)  Understanding The Internet Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Helper Plug-ins applications Enhance a browser’s functionality Streaming Sends the file in small chunks audio and Chunks downloaded while others video play Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Streaming Audio  Using a Browser And The WWW Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Browser starts on the home page Navigating the web Enter a URL in the browser Click a link Links are typically blue underlined words Image maps are picture links When finished, close the browser Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition the Internet Categorize Directories Searching the Web The Web is unorganized Search engines Find sites by keyword  Using E-mail Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Exchanges messages with other users Messages Text, audio, Mail waits in reach pictures and mailbox until destination in video opened seconds messages Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Using e-mail mail server and password Need name of Need username Outlook and Gmail are common  Using e-mail Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition e-mail Unique address addresses Allows sending and receiving [email protected] List Lists of e-mail addresses Each address gets the e-mail  Using e-mail Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Create a new message e-mail Send an attachment Reply to e-mail actions Open attachments Forward an e-mail  Other Internet Features Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Public board devoted to a topic Thousands of topics available Messages are called threads News Users can create threads Users can comment on threads Need a news reader program  Other Internet Features Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition File Copies files from a remote computer Transfer FTP client is needed Protocol Some sites require a (FTP) password  Other Internet Features Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Internet Relay Chat (IRC) Real time All users can Multi-users with communication read the many channels system comments  Other Internet Features Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Instant messaging (IM) Private, real- Message sent Buddy lists time only to listed contain IM communication users names Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition subscription Company that offers access by Online services Other Internet Services and research Banks, games  Other Internet Services Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition User computers are connected together No centralized organization Peer-to-peer (P2P) services Users can communicate directly Users can share files Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition input device The Keyboard keyboarding Skill is called common with keyboard The most Must be proficient  The Keyboard Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition How keyboard works Keyboard controller detects a key press Controller sends a code to the CPU Code represents the key pressed Controller notifies the operating system Operating system responds Controller repeats the letter if held  The Mouse Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition All modern computers have a variant Allows users to select Pointer moved by the mouse objects Rubber ball determines Mechanical mouse direction and speed The ball often requires cleaning Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition The Mouse mouse Optical and direction Requires little maintenance Reflection determines speed Light shown onto mouse pad  The Mouse Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Interacting with a mouse Right Actions Clicking and Modern Clicking Releasing clicking involve holding mice selects the an object is activates pointing to drags the include a object a drop the shortcut an object object scroll wheel menu Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition fast Pointer The Mouse easy Menu Benefits positioning is interaction is draw Users can electronically Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition ball Trackballs mouse Upside down User moves the space the ball Hand rests on Uses little desk  Variants of the Mouse Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Track pads Finger Pointer Stationary Small moves moves Popular pointing plastic across the with the on laptops device rectangle pad pointer Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Track point Variants of the Mouse on the joystick keyboard Little joystick Move pointer by moving the  Ergonomics and Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Ergonomics Study of Attempts to Concerned human and improve with physical tool safety and interaction interaction comfort  Ergonomics and Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) Caused by Many professions continuous misuse of suffer from RSI the body  Ergonomics and Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal Prolonged tunnel is a Holds nerves keyboarding passage in and tendons swells the wrist tendons  Ergonomics and Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Techniques to avoid RSI Have a padded Keep your Keyboard Take frequent Sit up straight wrist support arms straight properly breaks  Devices for the Hand Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Pen based input Tablet PCs, PDA Pen used to write data Pen used as a pointer Handwriting recognition On screen keyboard  Devices for the hand Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Touch Screens Sensors determine where finger points Sensors create an X,Y coordinate Usually presents a menu to users  Devices for the hand Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Enhances gaming experience Game Provide custom input to the game controllers Modern controllers offer feedback Joystick, Game pad  Optical Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Converts bar codes to numbers UPC code (Universal Product Code) Allows the computer Bar code Computer find number in a to see readers database input Works by reflecting light Amount of reflected light indicates number  Optical Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Image scanners Converts printed media into electronic Reflects light off the image Sensors read the intensity Filters determine color depths  Optical input devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Optical Converts scanned text into editable text character recognition Each letter is scanned (OCR) Letters are compared to known letters Best match is entered into document Rarely 100% accurate  Audiovisual Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Microphones Used to record Speech recognition speech Allows dictation Matches spoken Enters best “Understands” or control of sound to known match into human speech computer phonemes document  Audiovisual Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition MIDI Connects musical instruments to computer Musical Instrument Digital Interface Digital recording or playback of music Musicians can produce professional results  Audiovisual Input Devices Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Digital Captures images electronically cameras No film is needed Image is stored as a JPG file Memory cards store the images Used in a variety of professions  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Most common Connects to the Categorized by output device video card color output Monochrome Grayscale Color One color with Varying degrees Display 4 to 16 black of gray million colors background  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Most Electrons Phosphor is Electrons common excite arranged in fired from type of phosphor dots called the back monitor to glow pixels  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition CRT color Phosphor dots arranged in triads Red, green, and blue dots Three colors blend to make colors Varying the intensity creates new colors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Monitors Very large Very heavy CRT drawbacks Use a lot of electricity Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Working of CRT Monitors  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Commonly found on Liquid laptops Desktop versions Crystal exist Display Solve the problems of CRT (LCD) Fluorescent lights provide illumination Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Monitors  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Passive matrix LCD Pixels arranged in a grid Pixels are activated indirectly (Row and column are activated) Animation can be blurry  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Each pixel is activated Active directly matrix Pixels have 4 transistors One each for red, green, blue LCD One for opaqueness Transistors arranged in a thin film Animation is crisp and clean Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Drawbacks to LCD Monitors More expensive than CRT Can be more fragile than CRT Must sit directly in front of screen  Monitors Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition High contrast between fore and Paper-white displays background Electro-luminescent Like LCD displays (ELD) Uses phosphor to produce light Plasma monitor Gas is excited to produce light  Monitors and Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Crisp text Monitors Clear graphics Monitors impacts user should have Adjustable effectiveness controls Clear edges  Monitors and Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Measured in inches Size of Measured diagonally monitor Actual size Distance from corner to corner Viewable size Useable portion of the screen  Monitors and Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Number of pixels on the screen Higher number creates sharper Resolution images Higher number creates smaller images  Monitors and Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Refresh rate Number of time Modern Improper settings the screen is equipment sets can cause redrawn this automatically eyestrain Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Refresh Rate Comparison  Monitors and Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Distance between the same color dots Ranges between.15 mm and.40 mm Dot pitch Smaller creates a finer picture Should be less than.22 Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Dot Pitch  Video Cards Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Modern cards have up to 512 Removes Have their MB RAM burden of own drawing processor from CPU Better cards and RAM result in better Device output between the Capable of CPU and rendering monitor 3D images Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Integral computer part of the experience Sound Systems and playback recording Capable of  Sound Systems Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Sound card Device between Converts digital Can be Modern cards the CPU and sounds to connected to support Dolby speakers analog several devices Surround Sound  Sound Systems Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Headphones and headsets Headsets Replacement Does not Outside have for speakers Offer privacy annoy other noise is not a speakers and and people factor a microphones microphone  Commonly Used Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Impact printers Non-impact printers Generate output by Use methods other striking the paper than force Tend to be quiet and Uses an inked ribbon fast  Commonly Used Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Used to Speed Print head print to measured Impact strikes Line Band multi- in printer inked printers printers sheet characters ribbon pages per second Dot matrix printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Dot Matrix Print Head  Commonly Used Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Non-impact printer Ink-jet printers Inexpensive home printer Color output common using CMYK Cyan, magenta, yellow, black Sprays ink onto paper Speed measured in pages per minute Quality expressed as dots per inch Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Dots Per Inch  Commonly Used Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Non-impact printer Laser Produces high quality documents printer Color or black and white Laser draws text on page Print process Toner sticks to text Toner melted to page Speed measured in pages per minute Quality expressed as dots per inch  Commonly Used Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition All-in-one peripherals Scanner, Prices are Popular in- copier, printer very home offices and fax reasonable Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition need Speed what you Determine Comparing Printers spend Determine what you can Image quality Cost of operating Initial cost  High-Quality Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Used by a print shop Special Output is purpose professional grade printers Prints to a variety of surfaces Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition pictures Prints very slow Photo printers High-Quality Printers Prints a variety of sizes Produces film quality  High-Quality Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Produces bold color output Color generated by melting Thermal wax wax printers Colors do not bleed Operation costs are low Output is slow  High-Quality Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Dye sublimation printers Produces realistic output Very high quality Color is produced by evaporating ink Operation costs are high Output is very slow  High-Quality Printers Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Plotters Large high-quality blueprints Older models draw with pens Operational costs are low Output is very slow  How Computers Represent Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Number A manner of counting systems Several different number systems exist Used by humans to count Decimal Contains ten distinct digits number system Digits combine to make larger numbers  How Computers Represent Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Binary number system 0 and 1 Used by Two distinct combine to computers to digits, 0 and 1 make count numbers  How Computers Represent Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Bits and bytes Binary numbers Bit represents a Byte represents A byte is 8 bits are made of bits switch one character  How Computers Represent Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Text codes Converts Standard codes letters into necessary for ASCII Extended ASCII Unicode binary data transfer American Graphics and All languages English other symbols on the planet symbols  How Computers Process Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-edition Central Processing Unit The Brain of the computer CPU Controls resources in computer Control unit Instruction set Simple math operations Arithmetic logic unit Registers  How Computers Process Data Designed by Mr. Kamran Ahmad Awan © Common Creative License 4.0 Source: Introduction to ICT by Peter-Norton 6th-editio