Final Exam of Module of Practical Skills 1 PDF

Pharmaceutical Organization Final Exam //// pharmaceutical care as…. //covenantal relationship between a patient and a pharmacist in which the pharmacist performs drug use control functions (with appropriate knowledge and skill) governed by the awareness of and comm...

Pharmaceutical Organization Final Exam //// pharmaceutical care as…. //covenantal relationship between a patient and a pharmacist in which the pharmacist performs drug use control functions (with appropriate knowledge and skill) governed by the awareness of and commitment to the patient’s interest. ///covenantal relationship between a physician and a pharmacist in which the pharmacist performs drug use control functions (with appropriate knowledge and skill) governed by the awareness of and commitment to the patient’s interest. ///covenantal relationship between a physician and a pharmacist in which the physician performs drug use control functions (with appropriate knowledge and skill) governed by the awareness of and commitment to the patient’s interest. ///none ////A market segment consists of ……. who could benefit from a pharmacy service because of their unmet health care needs (e.g., difficulty reaching a therapeutic goal such as target cholesterol levels). ///physicians ///patients // pharmacists /// nurses ////market segments and niches can be….. //profiled to learn more about patients’ needs and desires, identify important patient economical characteristics, and understand patients’ reasons for whether or not they participate in a particular program. ///profiled to learn more about pharmacists needs and desires, identify important patient demographic characteristics, and understand patients’ reasons for whether or not they participate in a particular program. ///profiled to learn more about patients’ needs, identify important patient demographic characteristics, and understand patients’ reasons for whether or not they participate in a particular program. ///profiled to learn more about pharmacists needs and desires, identify important patient demographic and economic characteristics, and understand patients’ reasons for whether or not they participate in a particular program. ////Follow-up visits …… // prohibit the pharmacist to assess and monitor the patient’s progress, and are an important component of pharmacy-based patient care services that are promoted through relationship marketing. ///limit the pharmacist to assess and monitor the patient’s progress, and are an important component of pharmacy-based patient care services that are promoted through relationship marketing. ///allow the pharmacist to assess and monitor the patient’s progress, and are an important component of pharmacy-based patient care services that are promoted through relationship marketing. ///allow the pharmacist to assess and monitor the patient’s progress, and are an important component of pharmacy-based patient care services that are promoted through relationship management. ////Relationship marketing …. //offers insights to help maintain patient relationships, thus increasing retention in pharmacy service programs. ///allows insights to help maintain patient relationships, thus increasing retention in pharmacy service programs. ///offers insights to help maintain pharmacist relationships, thus increasing retention in pharmacy service programs. ///none ////which of the following are NOT steps in the medication use process? ///transcribing //diagnosis ///monitoring ///prescribing ////which of following key components influence the type of pharmacy practice model utilized in an institution? ///the culture of the department ///the pharmacists working in the pharmacy ///the technicians //all of the above ////which of the following are developed by the pharmacy profession and imposed on pharmacy professionals voluntarily? ///regulations ///policies and procedures ///laws // practice standards ////who usually has ultimate responsibility and authority for all aspects of a pharmacy service? ///the chief executive officer of the institution //the director of pharmacy ///the pharmacy staff /// the medical staff ////hospital leaders explicitly recognized the need for pharmacy servces in the ///1920s //1930s ///1940s ///1950s ////approximately what percent of foreign pharmacists in practice today work in hospitals? ///5% ///10% ///15% //25% ////which of the following is NOT a professional organization associated with institutional pharmacy practice? ///AHSP ///ASCP // NACDS ///All of the above ////----------- are advisory documents developed by pharmacists that offer advice on the minimum requirements or optimal method for addressing an important issue or problem in hospitals // practice standards /// regulations /// laws /// reports ////------------- enforces the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic act // FDA /// DEA /// OSHA /// The joint commission ////which of the following is NOT a governmental organization? /// CDC // USP /// OSHA /// DEA ////Which of the following professional organization’s primary mission is to represent pharmacists serving senior citizens? // ASCP /// ASHP /// APhA /// ACCP ////the following elements of the formulary system are used to manage drug costs // therapeutic interchange /// non formulary drug use /// food interchange /// none //// when selecting a drug for formulary addition, which of the following should be considered? /// does it come in unit dose packaging? // is it a duplication of an existing formulary agent? /// how should is cant be used? /// will the vendor give the health-system free samples? //// therapeutic interchange is the /// interchange of generic equivalents /// interchange of chemically different drugs within the same pharmacologic or therapeutic class // interchange of chemically different drugs within the same pharmacologic or therapeutic class in accordance with approved written guidelines /// none //// the rationale for competing a drug use evaluation is to // validate drug use is safe and appropriate /// determine the most common prescribers of a specific drug /// educate the nursing staff on appropriate medication administration /// educate the pharmacy staff on appropriate medication administration //// the pharmacist is not responsible for assuring the following /// quality, quantity and source of all medications in the health system /// all medications in the health system meet FDA and USP standards // all brands of formulary agents are available for use in the health system /// some of brands of formulary agents are available for use in the health system //// which of the following is never caused by a medication error? // side effect /// adverse drug event /// adverse drug reaction /// allergic reaction //// which of the following sometimes directly results in drug-related morbidity? /// a latent injury /// a potential injury // an adverse drug event /// none //// which if the following is not an important principle of quality improvement? /// the status qui in unacceptable // people are the reason for poor patient safety /// safety efforts must be patient-centered /// quality must be measured. //// in which step of the DASA cyrcle is a quality problem statement developed? /// do /// act /// study // plan //// which of the following is classified as a structure according to Donabedian? /// health related quality of life /// medication reconciliation // unit dose system /// mortality //// ----------- is one of several standards setting organizations whose mission is to provide interoperability standards for HER systems /// HIPPA /// Joint commission // health level /// institute of medicine //// he following term describes the capability of different information systems to exchanged and use data // interoperability /// data standardization /// functionality /// none //// there are four possible outcomes for any alert associated with clinical decision support. Which of the following puts patients at greatest risk? /// alert for clinically significant problem /// no alert generated because of no problem /// alert generated for a clinically insignificant problem // no alert generated for a clinically significant problem //// a clinical data repository is used to store ----------- clinical data which is often used to produce clinical or administrative reports. /// physician-specific // patient specific /// pharmacist specific /// institution specific //// simple, discrete and objective facts about a subject or an event is a description of: // data /// information /// knowledge /// none //// which of the following are benefits of electronic information sources compared to traditional paper information sources? /// improved accessibility of information /// reduced space requirements /// ability to maintain up to date information // all the above //// an alert that is triggered and displayed to a prescriber indicating that the dose selected is greater that normal for a patient’s weight during the process of order entry is an example of: /// authentication // active clinical decision support /// encryption /// de-identification //// which of the following methods is best at positively authenticating individuals for purposes of enhancing information system security? ///passwords /// bar code scanning // biometrics /// none ////Mirror to hospital pharmacy is… // a publication documenting the state of pharmacy services in the hospitals /// a publication documenting the federal of pharmacy services in the hospitals /// a publication documenting the state of pharmacy services in the clinics ///none //// full time equivalent is.. /// a equipment for standardizing the number of full and part time employees working in an institution ///a method for optimization the number of full and part time employees working in an institution //a method for standardizing the number of full and part time employees working in an institution /// all of them ////deemed status is— // an accrediting organization approved by CMS that is in compliance with the Medicare Conditions of participation /// non accrediting organization approved by CMS that is in compliance with the Medicare Conditions of participation /// an accrediting organization approved by FDA that is in compliance with the Medicare Conditions of participation /// an accrediting organization approved by CMS that is in compliance with the Medicare Conditions of participation //// Regulation is… /// non governmental order having the force of law //governmental order having the force of law /// governmental order not having the force of law /// governmental order having the force of legislation //// what is dosage form and cost /// list the dosage form and threats proposed for formulary addition /// list the dosage form and weakness proposed for formulary addition /// name the dosage form and strengths proposed for formulary addition // list the dosage form and strengths proposed for formulary addition //// writing medication orders or prescriptions define…. /// practitioners that may write drug orders or prescriptions in concert with federal regulations // practitioners that may write medication orders or prescriptions in concert with state and federal regulations /// executives that may write medication orders or prescriptions in concert with state and federal regulations ///none //// what means Stop Orders? /// defines the orders that are physically terminated how the prescriber is notified, if appropriate and the method for their reinstatement. /// defines the orders that are automatically terminated how the prescriber is notified the method for their reinstatement. // defines the orders that are automatically terminated how the prescriber is notified, if appropriate and the method for their reinstatement. /// none //// Medication use evaluation is a systematic approach to monitoring drug therapy and associated outcomes. The optical data collection period is… // concurrent or during the patient visit /// concurrent or during the pharmacy visit /// concurrent or during the patients visit /// none //// The rationale for completing a drug use evaluation is to.. // validate drug use is safe and appropriate /// determine the most common prescribes of a specific drug /// educate the nursing staff on appropriate medication administration /// educate the pharmacy staff on appropriate medication administration //// when occurs the administration errors? /// when pharmacists are administered something other than that prescribed for the patient – the wrong dose, omitted dose, additional dose, wrong administration time, wrong infusion rate. /// when patients are administered something other than that prescribed for the patient – the wrong dose, administration time, wrong infusion rate. // when patients are administered something other than that prescribed for the patient – the wrong dose, omitted dose, additional dose, wrong administration time, wrong infusion rate. /// none //// define drug related morbidity /// defined as the failure of s drug to achieve its intended health outcome due to resolved drug related problems /// defined as the failure of s drug to achieve its increase health outcome due to unresolved drug related problems /// defined as the optimization of s drug to achieve its intended health outcome due to unresolved drug related problems //defined as the failure of s drug to achieve its intended health outcome due to unresolved drug related problems //// Latent injuries can be defined as.. /// a propensity for harm during the process of care that actually does not result in patient injury. //a propensity or predisposition for harm during the process of care that actually does not result in patient injury. /// a propensity or predisposition for harm during the process of careless that actually does not result in patient injury. /// none //// errors of commission can occur.. /// when the patient receives either an incorrect drug or an incorrect drug /// when the patient does not receives either a correct drug or an incorrect drug // when the patient receives either a correct drug or an incorrect drug /// none //// the floor stock system consists of……. /// an group storage area on each nursing unit where medications were kept prior to the nurse preparing them to administer to patients. // an individual storage area on each nursing unit where medications were kept prior to the nurse preparing them to administer to patients. /// an individual storage area on each pharmacy unit where medications were kept prior to the nurse preparing them to administer to patients. /// an individual storage area on each nursing unit where medications were not kept prior to the nurse preparing them to administer to pharmacists //// the factors to consider in determining the level of security required // location of the storage site /// level of activity of the storage for non controlled substances /// dosage form of controlled substances /// adequacy of non electronic detection and alarm systems ////a clinical decision support system is… // set of tools that facilities the decision making capabilities of the prescriber at the decision point of computerized provider order entry ///set of tools that facilities the define making capabilities of the prescriber at the decision point of computerized provider order entry ///set of tools that facilities the decision making capabilities of the prescriber at the decision point of computerized opportunity order entry ///set of equipment that facilities the decision making capabilities of the prescriber at the divide point of computerized provider order entry ////computerized provider order entry can be expected to achieve several goals. /// improve patient quality /// decrease timeless of care //control or reduce costs ///coordination of care Clinical Pharmacy ////what should modern pharmacist do? /// move from behind the counter ///start serving the public ///take care about patient // all of the above ////pharmaceutical care is /// provision of drug therapy /// taking direct responsibility for patient’s medical- related needs /// improve quality of patient’s life // all of the above ////new challenges of pharmacy /// access to medicines of assured quality /// rational use of medicines /// effective medicines supply management // all of the above //// new dimensions of pharmacy practice are // evidence-based pharmacy /// knowledge- based pharmacy /// impression- based pharmacy /// authority-based pharmacy ////new dimensions of pharmacy practice are // chronic patient care ///disease prevention ///pharmacy design ///meeting patients’ needs ////new dimensions of pharmacy practice are // self-medication new dimensions of pharmacy practice are /// drug design /// quality assurance of pharmaceutical care services /// welfare management ////new dimensions of pharmacy practice are // focus on patient /// medical care /// focus on teamwork /// pharmacotherapy ////new dimensions of pharmacy practice are // pharmacovigilance /// focus on pharmaceutical systems and processes ///clinical development /// healthcare ////new dimensions of pharmacy practice are ///focus on measurement // clinical pharmacy /// pharmaceutical marketing /// hospital pharmacy //// pharmacy education outcomes should include // pharmaceutical care of patient-centered care ///system management of resources ///public assuring effective services /// marketing authorization of medicines ////Careplandesigned to // resolve any drug therapy problem ///interpretation and evaluation of prescription ///provision of information and instruction by a pharmacist. ///ensure of the safe and effective use of medicines. ////Careplandesigned to /// interfere with a desired patient outcome // achieve therapeutic goals of patient and prescriber /// dispensing of prescription medication ///counseling , drug information, monitoring , etc. //// Careplandesigned to /// decision making agreement between patient and practitioner on the selected therapeutic strategy. /// find the strategy with the best ratio of benefits per money units. // prevent any potential drug therapy problems /// use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of patient. //// Work of clinical pharmacist inсludes // to interact with health care team /// use of non- prescription medicines /// quality assurance of medicines. ///supervision of pharmacy health workers ////Work of clinical pharmacist inсludes /// to reduce morbidity // to interview patients /// risk-benefit analisis /// dispensing //// Work of clinical pharmacist inсludes /// to reduce mortality /// concordance // make therapeutic recommendations /// to measure Odds ratio ////Work of clinical pharmacist inсludes /// prevalence /// incidence /// Systematic review // to provide medicines information //// Work of clinical pharmacist provide // patient-oriented services /// product- oriented services /// social-oriented services /// welfare-oriented services //// The medical record includes /// advice of treatment // hospital-specific admission information ///P value /// relative risk ////The medical record includes /// qualitative data /// statistical data // initial patient history /// number needed to treat //// The medical record includes /// pharmacovigilance data /// toxicology data ///medicines quality data // patients physical examination //// The medical record includes // daily progress notes /// epidemiology data /// meta-analysis data /// relative risk reduction data ////The medical record includes /// incidence // laboratory results ///pharmacy practice costs /// triage data ////The medical record includes ///categories of drug therapy problems ///sources of medicines information // pharmacokinetic dosing data /// pharmacoeconomic analysis data ////identify drug related problem (heart failure) corresponding to improper drug selection ///patient with class IV and reduced LVEF on digoxin with serum concentration 1.7 ng/ml /// patient with worsening renal function setting of ACE inhibitor and NSAID /// continuation of protein pump inhibitor after discharge when initiated for stress ulcer prophylaxis during HF in the absence of other documented indication. // patient with acute decompensation receiving dronedaron for atrial fibrillation. ////identify drug related problem (heart failure) corresponding to drug overdosage // patient with class IV and reduced LVEF on digoxin with serum concentration 1.7 ng/ml ///patient with acute decompensation receiving dronedaron for atrial fibrillation. ///continuation of protein pump inhibitor after discharge when initiated for stress ulcer prophylaxis during HF in the absence of other documented indication. ///patient with worsening renal function setting of ACE inhibitor and NSAID ////identify drug related problem (heart failure) corresponding to drug interactions ///continuation of protein pump inhibitor after discharge when initiated for stress ulcer prophylaxis during HF in the absence of other documented indication // patient with worsening renal function setting of ACE inhibitor and NSAID /// patient with class IV and reduced LVEF on digoxin with serum concentration 1.7 ng/ml /// patient with acute decompensation receiving dronedaron for atrial fibrillation. ////identify drug related problem (heart failure) corresponding to drug use without indication // patient with acute decompensation receiving dronedaron for atrial fibrillation. /// patient with class IV and reduced LVEF on digoxin with serum concentration 1.7 ng/ml /// continuation of protein pump inhibitor after discharge when initiated for stress ulcer prophylaxis during HF in the absence of other documented indication ///patient with worsening renal function setting of ACE inhibitor and NSAID //// Identify NONnephrotoxic drug from list bellow /// gentamicin /// cisplatin /// NSAIDs // atenolol //// Identify NONnephrotoxic drug from list bellow // valsartan /// radiocontrast dye /// cisplatin /// amphotericin B ////Identify drug not associated with acute renal failure // atenolol ///captopril /// rifampin /// acyclovir //// Identify drug not associated with acute renal failure ///radiocntrast dye // felodipine /// indinavir /// mannitol ////Identify drug not associated with acute renal failure /// tetracycline /// cimetidine // propranolol /// lithium //// Identify drug not associated with acute renal failure /// penicillins /// gold /// sulfonamids // nitrates //// what causes hypertensive urgency? // inadequate control on drug regimens /// use of thiazides /// use of ARBs /// use of alpha adrenoblockers ////what causes hypertensive urgency? /// myopia // poor adherence to current drug regiments /// myalgia /// allergic rhinitis //// what causes hypertensive urgency? /// sinusitis ///stomatitis // poor patient technique for self monitoring /// dyspepsia //// what causes hypertensive urgency? /// use of NSAIDs /// salt diet /// energy drinks // all of the above //// Identify drugdo not cause hypertensive urgency // ranitidine /// testosterone ///pseudoephedrine /// naproxen //// Identify drug do not cause hypertensive urgency /// triptans // ceftriaxone /// ginkgo biloba /// guarana root ////Identify patient education points addressed by clinical pharmacist to patient with hypertension /// avoid any sorts of strass ///avoid to use of herbal remedies /// avoid of use OTC medications // all of the above //// factors not increase risk of DILI /// obesity /// pregnancy /// genetic polymorphisms // physical examinations ////identify types of liver injury // hepatocellular ///hepatocentral /// hepatoperipheral /// hepatical ////identify types of liver injury ///choliemetic // cholestatic ///biliary /// Choliexudative //// identify types of liver injury /// advanced /// forced // mixed /// all of the above //// Identify drug not associated with acute renal failure /// penicillins /// gold /// sulfonamids // nitrates ////Work of clinical pharmacist provide // patient-oriented services /// product- oriented services /// social-oriented services /// welfare-oriented services ////Careplandesigned to /// decision making agreement between patient and practitioner on the selected therapeutic strategy. /// find the strategy with the best ratio of benefits per money units. // prevent any potential drug therapy problems /// use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of patient. ////Work of clinical pharmacist provide // patient-oriented services /// product- oriented services /// social-oriented services /// welfare-oriented services ////identify drug related problem (heart failure) corresponding to improper drug selection /// patient with class IV and reduced LVEF on digoxin with serum concentration 1.7 ng/ml /// patient with worsening renal function setting of ACE inhibitor and NSAID /// continuation of protein pump inhibitor after discharge when initiated for stress ulcer prophylaxis during HF in the absence of other documented indication. // patient with acute decompensation receiving dronedaron for atrial fibrillation PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY //// Among the listed which is the main goal of pharmaceutical chemistry? /// organization of pharmaceutical activity // standardization of medicinal remedies /// study of plant raw material /// production of medicinal remedies //// What kind of dependance is there between the refractive index and the concentration of solution ? /// direct /// inverse // functional /// integral //// What is a pH ? /// water ionic multiplication /// hydrogen ion concentration // negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration /// positive logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration //// Which indicator is used in acidimetric titration ? /// phenolphtalein // methyl orange /// crystal violet /// tropaeolin 00 //// The range of ultraviolet wavelength is : /// wavelength 100 - 200 nm // wavelength 200 - 350 nm /// wavelength 380 - 780 nm /// wavelength 780 - 10000 nm //// Which name is written on the package of drug along with the brand name ? // generic /// brand /// chemical /// empiric //// Among the listed which is the main source for synthetic organic medicinal remedies ? // oil /// Borehole waters /// animal raw material /// plant raw material //// Among the listed which pharmacopoeia is prepared by the World Health Organization ? /// American // International /// European /// Scandinavian country’s //// What is a validation ? /// improving drug quality assessment // justification of drug quality assessment /// selection of drug quality assessment methods /// rejection of drug quality assessment //// What type of drug control is carried out in case of disagreement between the supplier and customer? /// preliminary // arbitral /// selective /// planned //// Which common reagent is used for identification of carbonates and bicarbonates ? /// silver nitrate /// ammonium oxalate /// sodium hydrophosphate // magnesium sulfate //// Which common reagent is used for identification of Zinc and Iron (III) ions ? // potassium ferrocyanide /// diphenylamine /// magnesium sulfate /// potassium permanganate //// Which common reagent is used for identification of nitrites and nitrates ? /// potassium ferrocyanide // diphenylamine /// magnesium sulfate /// potassium permanganate //// Among the listed which ions identify each other ? // magnesium and phosphate /// sodium and potassium /// nitrate and calcium /// Iron and chloride //// Among the listed which compound is used for preparation of turbidity reference solutions ? /// barium sulfate // white clay /// red clay /// calcium carbonate //// Which compound is used in complexonometry as a titrant ? /// sodium hydroxide /// hydrochloric acid // ethlylen diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) /// potassium permanganate //// Among the listed which belongs to the physical methods of stabilization ? // drying out /// sterilization /// adding antioxidants //// Among the listed which belongs to the antimicrobial methods of stabilization ? /// drying out // sterilization /// adding antioxidants //// Among the listed which belongs to the chemical methods of stabilization ? // transfer to complex compound /// sterilization /// pasterization /// protecting from light //// Which group of medicinal compounds undergo hydrolysis at storage ? // ethers /// phenols /// crystal hydrates /// aldehydes //// Which group of medicinal compounds undergo oxydation at storage ? /// ethers // phenols /// crystal hydrates /// lactams //// Among the listed which definition corresponds to the amount of compound in grams, dissolved in one mL of solvent? /// the percentage concentration // titer /// molarity /// normality //// Among the listed which compound is used for preparation of colour standard solution? // copper sulfate /// potassium permanganate /// cyanocobalamin /// furacilin //// Among the listed which definition corresponds to the amount of compound in moles, dissolved in one Litre of solvent? /// the percentage concentration /// titer // molarity /// normality //// Conventionally, how can be characterized compound’s solubility if 1 g of this compound is soluble in more than 10 Litre solvent? /// sparingly soluble /// freely soluble /// soluble // practically insoluble //// Conventionally, how can be characterized compounds solubility if 1 g of this compound is soluble in 100-1000 mL solvent? // slightly soluble /// freely soluble /// soluble /// practically insoluble //// Among the listed compounds which can be obtained from plant raw material? // alkaloids /// antibiotics /// hormons /// gadolinium complex compounds //// Who approves a list of generic preparations ? /// the company which manufactures original preparation /// the company which manufactures generic preparation /// country’s Health Ministry // World Health Organization //// Among the listed which is a standard that ensures the quality of medicines? // GMP /// ISO /// pharmacopoeial monograph /// technical reglament //// What does sulphated ash indicate? /// in organic compound - the content of impurities, soluble in sulfuric acid // in organic compound - the content of inorganic impurities /// in inorganic compound - the content of organic impurities /// in organic compound - the content of sulphates //// What determines the optical activity of organic compound ? /// content of chromophore groups in molecule // content of assymetric carbon in molecule /// oxidation-reduction ability of compound /// cis-trans isomerism //// Among the listed compounds which one is used for inhibition of oxidation process of medicinal remedies ? // ascorbic acid /// hydrochloric acid /// sodium chloride /// sodium lauryl- sulfate //// Among the listed compounds which one is used for inhibition of hydrolysis of medicinal remedies ? /// ascorbic acid /// sodium metabisulfite /// antifebrin // hydrochloric acid //// Among the listed which is a preparation of hydrogen peroxide? /// magnesium oxide // hydroperite /// urea /// hydroxsylamine //// Which reagent is used for identification of oxidisable substances in distilled water? // potassium permanganate /// Nesler’s reagent /// silver nitrate /// ammonium oxalate //// Which compound is obtained by interacting hydrogen peroxide with urea? /// dichromate /// chromate // hydroperit /// magnesium peroxide //// Among the listed which drug undergoes an oxydation at non proper storage? /// sodium chloride /// magnesium sulfate /// platinium // reduced iron //// What change can undergo magnesium sulfate when stored in not tightly closed container? /// will react with carbon dioxide /// will react with carbon monoxide // will lose crystallization water //// Among the listed which drug doesn’t require special storage conditions? /// sodium tetraborate // boric acid /// calcium chloride /// potassium iodide //// Among the listed which one is an antacid remedy? /// calcium chloride /// hydrogen peroxide // aluminium hydroxide /// sodium nitrite //// What concentration solution of calcium chloride is used in medicine? /// 33% /// 5% // 10% /// 30% //// Among the listed generally which property is characteristic to inorganic drugs? /// optical activity /// melting // water solubility /// solubility in organic solvents //// Among the listed drugs which gives a violet flame test? /// boric acid // potassium chloride /// calcium chloride /// sodium bromide //// Among the listed generally which characteristic is used for standardization of inorganic compounds? // refractive index /// optical rotation /// optical density /// melting point //// Among the listed which drug is used in ophtalmology? /// reduced iron // copper sulfate /// magnesium sulfate /// cisplatin //// Which contaminant’s content in sodium bicarbonate does indicate the loss of its weight at drying? /// potassium salts /// arsenic // sodium carbonate /// barium sulfate //// Among the listed which drug is used for diagnosis? /// potassium iodide // barium sulfate /// reduced iron /// aluminium hydroxide //// Among the below listed which one is complex compound? // magnevist /// magnesium subcarbonate /// silver nitrate /// sodium pertechnetate //// Unlike distilled water, which testing is performed for water for injection? /// on recovery substances /// on microbiological purity /// on composition of nitrous acid salts // on pirogens //// Among the listed for which compound`s identification is used the formation of white precipitate with sodium sulfide? /// silver nitrate // zinc sulfate /// bismuth subnitrate /// iron sulfate //// Which reaction can be used for identification of peroxide contaminants in medicinal ether? // reaction with potassium iodide /// reaction with Nessler’s reagent /// neutralization reaction of water extract /// reaction with potassium dichromate //// Which physical characteristic can be used for differentiation of chloroform and halothane ? /// solubility /// coloration /// state of aggregation // boiling temperature //// In which type of chemical reaction does glucose participate due to the content of aldehyde group ? // oxidation-reduction /// neutralization /// esterification /// diazotization //// Which functional group is responsible for vasodilation activity? /// hydroxylic group /// carboxylic group /// amino group // nitro group //// Which reagent is used for identification of aldehydes? /// ninhydrin /// sodium nitrite /// hydrochloricacid // Fehling’s solution //// Which alcohols are characterized by better solubility? /// primary /// secondary // tertiary //// Which common reagent is used for identification of potassium acetate and calcium gluconate? /// ammonium oxalate /// sodium cobaltnitrate /// resorcinol // ferric (III) chloride //// For which drug’s identification is used an ethylacetate forming reaction? /// iodoform // ethanol /// halothane /// ethyl chloride //// For which ion identification is used resorcinol and conc. sulphuric acid in carbonic acid derivatives? /// gluconate ion /// citrate ion /// lactate-ion // tartrate ion //// Among the listed amino acids which one contains sulphur? /// aminalon // methionine /// aminocaproic acid /// glutamic acid //// Generally,for which chemical group of substances is used an esterification reaction for qualitative and quantitative analysis? /// for esters // aliphatic alcohols /// monosaccharides /// aromatic primary amines //// For which drug’s stabilization is used an ethanol ? /// halothane /// fluorotane // chloroform /// iodoform //// Among the listed, for which drug’s standardization is used a viscosity constant ? // Vaseline oil /// chloroform /// ethanol /// paraffin //// Among the listed which drug is described as: transparent, colorless, odorless, the syrup-like liquid, with sweet taste? /// chloroform /// ethyl chloride // glycerol /// ether for narcosis //// Among the listed compounds which one undergoes decomposition? // chloral hydrate /// vaseline /// paraffin /// Vaseline oil //// Among the listed compounds which is a more toxic? /// acetanylide // aniline /// anaesthesin /// nicotinic acid //// What chemical nature do aliphatic amino acids have? /// weak acid /// strong acid // amphoteric /// base //// Which functional group is identified in amino acids by sodium nitroprusside? /// amino group /// carboxylic group /// methyl group // thiol group //// Among the listed which reagent is used for identification of ascorbic acid? /// picricacid /// salicylicacid // silver nitrate /// bariumchloride //// Which chemical method is used for assay of sulfur-containing amino acids? // iodometry /// complexometry /// argentometry /// permanganometry //// Which common functional group is in methionine and meprobamate? /// carbonyl /// carboxylic /// thiomethyl // amino group //// For which property is used ethyl chloride in surgery? /// state of aggregation // low boiling temperature /// low density /// high reactivity //// Among the listed, which is a characteristic reaction for formaldehyde? /// reaction with Fehling’s solution /// the silver mirror reaction (Tollen’s Test) // reaction with chromotropic acid //// Among the listed which is vitamin B5? /// thiaminehydrochloride /// riboflavin // calcium pantothenate /// calcium pangamate //// Among the listed carboxylic acid derivative drugs which one is used as a diuretic remedy? // potassium acetate /// calcium lactate /// sodium citrate /// calcium pantothenate //// Among the listed which is an aromatic antibiotic ? /// benzylpenicillin /// streptomycin // levomicetin /// eritromicin //// Among the listed antibiotics which has thiazolidine ring in molecule as structural unit ? // ampicillin /// streptomycin /// cephalexin /// gentamicin //// Which reagent is used for diferentiation of penicillins ? // chromotropic acid /// ninhydrin /// hydroxylamine hydrochloride /// sodium hydroxide //// Which chemical method is used for assay of penicilllins ? /// bromatometry // iodometry /// non-acquous titration /// neutralization //// Which structural fragment of penicilllin molecule is responsible for its salt forming ability ? /// beta-lactam ring /// thiazolidine ring // carboxylic group /// benzyl radical //// In cephalosporins beta-lactam ring is condensed with : - // dihydrothiazine /// thiazolidine /// cyclohexane /// tetrahydrofuran //// Which common reagent is used for identification of aminoglycosides ? // barium chloride /// Nessler’s reagent /// sodium nitroprusside /// Fehling’s solution //// Among the listed which is the oxidation product of retinol ? /// alcohol // aldehyde /// complicated ester /// acid //// Among the listed, in case of which desease is used sulfocamphocaine ? /// rheumatic disease // heart acute failure /// neurasthenia /// diabetes //// Which chemical method is used for remantadine assay ? /// complexonometry // non-aqueous titration /// nitritometry /// alkalimetry //// Among the listed terpenes which is a diatomic alcohol of methane ? /// menthol /// validol // tepin hydrate /// camphor //// Among the listed terpenes, which is the menthyl ester of isovaleric acid ? /// menthol // validol /// camphor /// terpin hydrate //// Which terpene derivative drug is used as expectorant remedy ? // terpin hydrate /// camphor /// menthol /// bromcamphorae //// Among the listed drugs which belongs to the bicyclic terpenes ? /// terpin hydrate // camphor /// menthol /// validol //// Among the listed drugs which belongs to the tetraterpenes ? /// terpin hydrate /// bromcamphorae /// validol // retinyl acetate //// Among the listed terpene derivative drugs which is characterized by sublimation at room temperature ? /// terpin hydrate // camphor /// sulfocamphocaine /// retinyl acetate //// A terpene derivative for which drug assay is used an argentometry ? /// menthol /// retinyl acetate // bromcamphorae /// sulfocamphocaine //// Terpene derivative for which drug assay is used an alkalimetry ? // sulfocamphoric acid /// sulfocamphocaine /// bromcamphorae /// terpin hydrate //// Which radical is at C-13 in natural steroids ? // methyl /// alyphatic /// cyclic /// oxygen-containing //// Steroids are classified according to the radical at : - /// C – 14 ; /// C – 10 ; /// C – 13 ; // C – 17. //// Which steroid ring is a basic structure for corticosteroides ? // pregnane /// estran /// androstane /// estrone //// Which optical isomer of steroid compounds are used in medicine ? /// levorotatory ; // dextrorotatory ; /// racemic ; /// trans-isomer. //// Among the listed which reaction is characteristic for cardenolides five-membered lactone ring? /// Liebermann-burchard reaction; /// Rosenheim reaction; // Baljet reaction; /// The silver mirror reaction. //// Which reaction can differentiate cardenolides from bufadienolides ? /// Xanthidrol-test; // trichloroacetic acid test; /// Rosenheim reaction; /// Liebermann-burchard reaction. //// Among the listed which method is used for assay of progesterone? // photocolorymetry; /// iodometry; /// refractometry; /// argentometry. //// Which natural raw material is used for obtaining phenols? /// wood-pulp; // coal tar; /// microorganisms /// natural gas; //// Which drug from phenol group doesn’t react with iron (III) chloride? /// phenol // thymol. /// salicylic acid /// resorcinol //// Which chemical method is used for assay of phenols? /// permanganomety /// complexonometry /// gravimetry // bromatometry //// For which purpose is used phenol in medicine? /// as antireumatic // as disinfective; /// as antiarrhythmic; /// as analeptic; //// Among the aromatic synthetic eastrogens, which drug doesn’t react with iron (III) chloride? /// synestrol; // diethylstilbestrol dipropionate; /// diethylstilbestrol; /// octoestrolum. //// Which method is used for assay of sinestrol tablets? /// potentiometry /// refractometry /// polarimetry // spectrophotometry //// Which compound is a vitamin K activity natural substance ? /// vikasol /// menadione; // phylloquinone; /// oxolin. //// Which substance is released by heating vikasol with conc. sulphuric acid? // sulphur anhydride; /// ammonia /// sodium sulphide /// carbon dioxide //// Among the listed which drug belongs to the semi-synthetic tetracyclines ? /// tetracycline hydrochloride /// oxytetracycline hydrochloride /// tetracycline // metacycline hydrochloride //// Which chemical method is used for assay of tetracyclines? // nitritometry /// permanganometry /// complexonometry /// acidimetry //// By which compound’s acetylation is synthesized paracetamol? // para-aminophenol; /// nitrobenzene; /// benzene; /// aniline //// Which reagent can differentiate paracetamol from phenacetin? // ferric (III) chloride /// sodium nitrite /// copper sulphate /// cobalt nitrate //// With which reagent forms paracetamol a violet color in acid medium? /// copper sulphate // potassium dichromate /// sodium nitrite /// cobalt nitrate //// Which chemical method is used for assay of sodium salicylate at presence of ester? /// complexonometry // acidimetry /// nitritometry /// bromatometry //// Wich substances are chemically incompatible with sodium benzoate in drug forms? /// weak base; /// base; /// neutral; // acid. //// Which compound is produced after heating of salicylic acid with sodium citrate? /// ammonia // phenol /// sulphurous anhydride /// hydrogen sulphide //// Which drug is stored separately because of strong odour? /// acetyl salicylic acid; // methyl salicylate; /// phenylsalicylate; /// salicylamide //// Among the listed drugs which is an ester of p-aminobenzoic acid? /// salol; // novocaine; /// aspirin; /// isadrin. //// Which functional group is responsible for azo dye forming reaction in anaesthesin? /// phenolic hydroxyle; /// diethylamino group; // aromatic amino group; /// dimethylamino group. //// Among the p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives which drug produces ethanol after alkali hydrolysis? /// dicaine; // anaesthesin; /// novocainamide; /// novocaine. //// Which reaction or product can be used to diferentiate novocaine from dicaine? /// characteristic for chlor-ion reaction; // alkali hydrolysis; /// bromine water; /// sodium hydroxide. //// Among the p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives which drug has antiarrhythmic activity? /// anaesthesin; // novocainamide; /// dicaine; /// novocaine. //// Which method of assay is used for primary aromatic amines? /// alkalimetry; /// argentometry; /// complexonometry; // nitritometry. //// Which common reagent can be used for identification of levodopha and methyldopha? /// cobalt chloride; /// silver nitrate; /// potassium permanganate; // ferric (III) chloride. //// Which compound is evolved after alkali heating of laevomycetin? // ammonia; ///carbon dioxide ; /// aniline; /// acetic acid. //// Which heterocyclic compounds are six-membered containing two heteroatoms? /// pyridine; // pyrimidine; /// hyperidine; /// pyrazoline. //// Which natural raw material is used for obtaining of pyridine and indole? /// wood tar; /// microorganisms;  // coal tar; /// animal raw material. //// The basic structure for macrocyclic compounds: hemoglobin, chlorophyll, cyanocobalamin, is: /// polyvinylpyrrolidone; /// furan; // pyrrole; /// pyrrolizidine. //// Among the derivatives of indole by hypotensive activity is characterized: // reserpine; /// ergotamine; /// mexamine; /// indometacine. //// Among the derivatives of imidazole the synthetic analogue of papaverine is: // dibazole; /// metronidazole; /// pilocarpine; /// clophelline. //// Among the pyridine-3 carboxylic acid derivatives which one decomposes by producing formaldehyde? // nicodin; /// nicotinamide; /// nicotinic acid; /// nicotinic acid diethylamide. //// Which heterocyclic compounds are five-membered? // pyrazole, thiazole; /// thiazine, oxazine; /// azepine, diazepine; /// ethylenoxid, ethylene sulfide. //// Photocolorimetrical assay of furadonin is based on the reaction with: // sodium hydroxide; /// sodium nitrite; /// cobalt nitrate; /// silver nitrate. //// Tocopherols are differing from each other by having at the positions of 5, 7 and 8 : /// OH group; /// C = O group; // CH3 group; /// NH2 group. //// Oxycobalamine is differing from cyanocobalamin by: /// chemical properties; /// pharmacological activity; /// colour; // water solubility. //// Which rings condensation product is a quinoline? /// piperidine and benzene; /// pyrimidine and imidazole; // benzene and pyridine; /// benzene and pyrazine. //// At which carbon atom substituted radical differentiates from each other 5-nitrofuran derivatives: /// at 3rd position; /// at 4th position; /// at first position; // at 2nd position. //// 4-oxycoumarin derivative is: // nitropharin; /// tocopherol; /// beroxan; /// psoralen. //// For standardization of haemodez it is necessary to determine: // molecular weight; /// melting point; /// optical densit /// boiling temperature. //// After thermal degradation of nicotinic acid it is obtained: /// diethylamine; /// ammonia; /// formaldehyde; // pyridine. //// Wich drug’s 25% aqueous solution is a cordiamine? /// nicotinic acid; // nicotinic acid diethylamide; /// nicotinamide; /// nicodine. //// Vanillin’s weak odour has: /// isoniazid; // ftivazide; /// saluzide; /// nialamide. //// Which methods are used for assay of tropane derivatives? /// nitritometry, iodometry; /// complexometry, cerimetry; // non-aqueous titration; /// refractometry, bromatometry. //// Which preparation is used as an antidote in case of overdose of morphine and its pharmacological analogues? /// methadone; /// apomorphine; /// aminazine; // naloxone. //// Which preparation of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative isn’t absorbed in gastrointestinal tract and has local activity? /// quinozole; // enteroseptol; /// nitroxoline; /// sovcaine. //// Which fragment of folic acid structure is responsible for reaction with heavy metal salts? /// amino group; /// keto group; /// carboxylic group; // tertiary nitrogen. //// Which rings compose a tricyclic structure of phenothiazine? // thiazine and two benzene; /// thiazine, pyrazine and benzene; /// thiazine, pyrimidine and benzene; /// thiazine, pyridine and benzene. //// Which reaction is specific for identification of purine derivatives ? // Murexide test; /// Vitali’s-Morena reaction; /// formation of azo dyes //// At which position have introduced radicals medicinally important phenothiazine derivatives? /// at 3rd and 10th; // at 2nd and 10th; /// at 4th and 10th; /// at 2nd and 9th. //// Which reaction is specific for identification of morphine ? // with ferric (III) chloride solution; /// with conc. nitric acid; /// with ammonium hydroxide; /// with Dragendorff reagent. Pharmaceutical Technology I ////What are the Pharmaceutical technology’s main tasks? ///Research of new pharmaceutical markets ///Planning and developing pharmaceutical industry //Stability study and determine the validity ///Regular training of pharmacists ////By which methods are syrups prepared? ///By decoctation //By agitation without heat ///By dissolution steam ///By maceration ////From Greek, technology what dose it means? ///Pharmaceutical industry //Craftsmanship ///Drug store ///Medicine ////Proportion of sugar in water for syrups is? ///70% / 30% ///67% / 33% ///75% / 25% //64% / 36% ////Active ingredient, what dose it means? ///Is a compound which have indifferent effect on human body ///Is a component which have side effects ///Is a component which has passed all stages of technological process //Is any component that provides pharmacological activity ////Medicated syrups are? ///Syrups with exipient compound which has therapeutic effect ///Syrups with indifferent compound which do not have therapeutic effect //Syrups with active compound which has therapeutic effect ///Syrups with fruit juices with good taste ////Spending norm, what dose it means? ///Is a maximal quantity of exipients, ingredients and employers for one unit production. ///Is a maximal quantity of medicine, active ingredients for one unit production. //Is a maximal quantity of excipient, ingredient and active ingredients for one unit production. ///Is a maximal quantity of packaging and labeling systems for one unit production ////How temperature effects on syrups? //Increase of temperature decrease viscosity ///Decrease of temperature decrease viscosity ///Increase of temperature decreases solubility ///Decrease of temperature increase therapeutic effect ////Drug, what dose it means? //A medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect ///A compound with indifferent effect on human body ///Mixture of components with packaging and labeling ///A substance which is used for manufacturing process ////What do we call syrup? ///Syrup is a concentrated solution of active ingredient in water ///Syrup is a concentrated solution of exipient in water //Syrup is a concentrated solution of sugar in water ///Syrup is a concentrated solution of glycerin in water ////Pharmacopoeia – what does it means? ///Is a book about pharmaceutical technology and modern use //Is a book containing directions for the identification of compound medicines ///Is a book about pharmaceutical exipients ///Is a book about pharmaceutical industry and its development stages ////Which are the active compounds obtained directly from plant source? ///Anti inflammatory //Glycoside ///Corticosteroids ///Steroids ////What is standard technical documentation? ///Is a regulation of technical processes //Is an established norm or requirement in pharmaceutical industry regard to technical systems ///Is an established regulations of technological stages and processes ///Is a standard for production, control, packaging and labeling process ////How much Convallaria plant we need to produce 120 L tinctures. (1:10)? //12kg ///24kg ///120kg ///36kg ////The task: We have received 300kg of Hawthorn fruits. After shredding the weight of raw material was 299kg. After sifting the weight of material was 294kg and on the sieve there were 3kg of raw material left. Question: Write down Material balance for whole process and calculate technological outcome for sifting stage. ///300=299+1; 99.1% ///299=294+6; 98.5% //300=294+3+3; 93.3% ///299=294+3+3; 97.6% ////What are the necessary sizes for fruits and seeds? ///5mm ///3mm ///1mm //0.5mm ////The task: We have received 300kg of Hawthorn fruits. After shredding the weight of raw material was 299kg. After sifting the weight of material was 294kg and on the sieve there were 3kg of raw material left. Question: Write down Material balance for sifting stage and calculate technological expense for whole process. //299=294+3+2; 1.00% ///300=294+6; 2.00% ///299=294+3+2; 4.20% ///300=294+3+3; 5.00% ////What do we call tincture? ///Alcoholic or hydro alcoholic solvent prepared from herbal plants //Alcoholic or hydro alcoholic solutions prepared from herbal plants ///Hydro alcoholic solutions prepared from herbal plants ///Alcoholic solutions prepared from herbal plants ////GMP what does it means? ///Good medical practice ///Good medicine practice ///Good mechanical practice //Good manufacturing practice ////What is a proportion of dilution in tinctures? ///1:20 ///1:7 //1:5 ///1:15 ////What features are required to ensure product quality? //Uniformity of dose ///Height price of substance ///Large therapeutic effect ///Fast absorption ////Which one is a method of preparation of tincture? ///Distillation with steam ///Mixing with solvent ///Extraction with methanol //Percolation ////Main principles in classification are: ///Packaging and labeling //Substance aggregate condition ///Manufacturing stages ///Technological processes ////How does tincture standardization is made? //Biological method ///Mixing method ///Dialyze method ///By shaking ////What positive output we have by taking in consideration Particle size and surface area and describe this property? ///Decrease dissolution rate ///Decreased surface area ///Easier transportation //Increased dissolution rate ////How much 70% ethanol do we need to prepare 100L (K=1.5) of Leonuri tincture (1:5)? ///115L ///125L //130L ///150L ////What does polymorphism means? ///Substances exists in one form molecular packing arrangement in the crystal lattice //Substances can exist in more than one form with different molecular packing arrangements in the crystal lattice ///Dissolution rate of crystal form ///Solubility rate of crystal form ////Which analyze method is used for tinctures? ///Individual compound consistence //Ethanol consistence ///Exipient consistence ///General method ////Metrological properties of scales are: ///Solubility ///Particle size //Sensitivity ///Gravity ////Which is a syrup advantage? //Syrups have a soothing effect on the throat ///Have a high concentration of active compound ///Are acceptable for all kind of patients ///Onset time is very short ////What do we call a solution? ///Solution is a heterogenic, molecular, mixture of two or more components ///Solution is a heterogenic, molecular, mixture of two or more solid compounds ///Solution is a micro heterogenic system of two or more liquid compounds //Solution is a homogenous, molecular, mixture of two or more components ////What are the necessary sizes for leaves? ///5mm ///3mm //1mm ///0.5mm ////Advantages of pharmaceutical solutions are: ///Are compact and easy to transport ///Are stable in any condition //Provide dose uniformity ///Provide high solubility rate ////Which is a tincture advantage? ///Contains active compounds with low bioavailability ///Contains indifferent compounds ///Contains excipients with high bioavailability //Contains active compounds with high bioavailability ////What we call endothermic process? ///When heat is evolved //When heat is absorbed * ///When equilibrium is changed ///When dissolution rate is less then equilibrium ////By which proportion extracts are made? ///1:5 //1:1 ///1:10 ///1:3 ////Which factors affects on dissolution rate? ///Direct sun lights ///Production speed ///Technological process //Presence of other compounds ////Which is a distillation method advantage? ///Simple ///More concentrated extract are prepared //Suitable for volatile oils ///Can be used in large scales ////In which units do we express solution concentrations? //Parts ///Grams ///Milliliters ///Micrograms ////Which is an extraction method? ///Shredding ///Milling //Removal of acellular * ///Cutting ////Task: Calculate a concentration (in percentage) of solute 2.3g in 50ml of solution ///4.9% //4.6% ///5.3% ///3.5% ////How much solvent and plant we need to prepare 120 L of Hypericum tincture (1:5) (K=1.5) ///12kg plant 138L solvent ///120kg plant 300L solvent //24kg plant 156L solvent ///6kg plant 129L solvent ////Write special occasion of Mercury (II) iodide preparation ///We use hot water ///We use sodium chloride ///We use hot water and Iodine //We use potassium iodide ////What are the necessary sizes for roots? ///5mm //3mm ///1mm ///0.5mm ////With which method do we prepare concentrated solutions? ///By volume ///By mass //By density ///By unit ////Which is a tincture preparation method? //Dissolution of thick and dry extracts ///Removal of acellular ///Wetting and drying ///Countercurrent extraction ////What do we call Alcoholometry? ///Methods by which we determine the volume //Methods by which we determine the strength ///Methods by which we determine the mass ///Methods by which we determine the density ////What does the word maceration means? ///Wetting ///Drying ///Squeezing //Moistening ////If ethanol concentration is not written to prepare a solution what % of ethanol we use? ///95% ///70% ///85% //90% ////What does the word percolation means? ///Wetting ///Drying //Squeezing ///Moistening ////Calculate the quantity of active compound and solvent of Calcii chloridei 1:10 300ml (VEC 0.58) //30g – 283ml ///10g – 300ml ///30g – 270ml ///3g – 300ml ////Which is a purification method of extract? ///Sedimentation //Decantation ///Flocculation ///Dialyze ////Calculate the quantity of Furacilini to prepare the solution of Furacilini 1:5000 400ml //0.08g ///1g ///0.0002g ///12.5g ////Which is a drying method of extract? ///By direct sun light ///By evaporation of water ///By direct steam dryer //By Cabinet vacuum dryer ////Calculate the quantity of active compound and solvent of Magnesii sulfatis 33% 200ml (VEC 0.5) ///33g – 167ml ///66g – 134ml //66g – 167ml ///36g – 200ml ////How much Convallaria plant we need to produce 155 L tinctures. (1:5)? //31kg ///16kg ///41kg ///23kg ////What process occurs during mixing ethanol with water? ///Cavitations //Contraction ///Volume expansion ///Sedimentation ////Which is a mostly used extragent? ///Ethanol ///Chloroform //Water ///Methanol ////How much milliliters of 96% ethanol is in 200ml 70% ethanol? //145.8ml ///150.2ml ///149.6ml ///154.5ml ////Which is a requirement for extragents? ///Low dissolution rate //Selective dissolution ///Low evaporation properties ///High boiling point ////How much 70% ethanol is necessary for preparing 40% 500ml ethanol? ///295.5ml //285.7ml ///288.8ml ///305ml ////Which is a disadvantage for syrup? //Risk of crystallization ///Good taste ///Low dissolution rate ///Low viscosity ////Colloids are? ///Homogeneous systems ///Heterogenic systems ///High molecular systems //Ultra micro heterogenic systems ////Percolation method of preparation can be used for? ///Solution ///Dry extract ///Aromatic water //Syrup ////What are the sizes of colloidal particles? ///1 µm - 10 µm ///10 µm - 100 µm //1 nm - 1 µm ///10 nm - 1 µm ////What do we call aromatic water? ///Solution of essential oil with water ///Essential oil extract //Solution of essential oil with ethanol ///Solution of essential oil with glycerin ////Concentrated solutions are prepared. ///By weight method ///By volume method //By density method ///By reaction type ////The concentration of essential oil in aromatic waters should not exceed ///0.5% ///0.3% //0.1% ///0.11% ////Contraction is a process of mixing to liquids when. ///Sum of the volume is increased //Sum of the volume is decreased ///Difference in concentration is increased ///Viscosity is increased ////Which is a method for preparation aromatic water? ///Percolation //Distillation ///Maceration ///Extraction ////Calculate the quantity of active compound and solvent of Magnesii sulfatis 10% 200ml (VEC 0.5) //20g – 190ml ///10g – 190ml ///20g – 180ml ///10g – 180ml ////Which is a disadvantage for tinctures? //Dose uniformity * ///Risk of crystallization ///Good taste ///Low dissolution rate ////Suspensions are? //Micro heterogenic systems ///Heterogenic systems ///High molecular systems ///Ultra micro heterogenic systems ////Which is an extraction method? ///Shredding ///Milling //Maceration ///Cutting ////What size of particles we need to prepare a suspension? ///0.1 millimeter – 10 millimeter ///1 µm - 10 µm ///10 µm - 100 µm //0.1 µm - 10 µm ////Which are the active compounds obtained directly from plant source? ///Anti inflammatory //Alkaloids ///Corticosteroids ///Steroids ////Which process is sedimentation? ///Particle movement in the solution ///Particle chaotic movement in the solution ///Particle movement to the top of the solution //Particle movement to the bottom of the solution ////How much solvent and plant we need to prepare 185 L of Valleriana tincture (1:5) (K=2.3) ///12kg plant 138L solvent ///120kg plant 300L solvent ///24kg plant 156L solvent //37kg plant 270.1L solvent ////Which is the equation for technological outcome? ///E = (G5 / G1) * 100 //I = (G1 / G2) * 100 ///I = (G2 / G1) * 100 ///E = (G1 / G5) * 100 ////Which is an indication for aromatic water? ///Anti inflammatory //Anti septic ///Anti fungal ///Analgesic ////Which is the equation for ethanol volume dilution? ///X = P * b / a //X = V * b / a ///P = V * ρ ///V = P / ρ ////What do we call synergy? ///is enhancement of the exipient of one constituent ///is enhancement of the indifferent compound of one constituent //is enhancement of the activity of one constituent ///is enhancement of the technical process of one constituent ////What is the main requirement for suspensions? ///Low cost ///Chemical indifference ///Physical indifference //Sustainability ////What do we add for stability of aromatic water? //Ethanol 10% ///Methanol 10% ///Hydro alcohol 10% ///Glycerin 20% ////Emulsions are? ///dispersion of two liquids ///dispersion of two miscible compounds //dispersion of two immiscible liquids ///dispersion of two immiscible solutions ////Which is a water disadvantage as an extragent? ///Risk of crystallization //High risk of microbial contamination ///Low dissolution rate ///Selective dissolution ////Which main factor effects on dissolution rate? ///Cost of the compound ///Microbiological contamination //Molecular structure of the solute ///Molecular weight of the solute ////Which is an ethanol disadvantage as an extragent? ///Risk of crystallization ///High risk of microbial contamination ///Low dissolution rate //Is not indifferent ////Which equation is for transferring ethanol volume in to mass? //P = V * ρ ///P = ρ * P ///V = P / ρ ///V = ρ / V ////Tinctures should be stored at? ///25°C temperature ///5°C temperature //15°C temperature ///20°C temperature ////With which method do we identify emulsion type? ///UV method ///Dialysis method ///Ultrasonic method //Conductivity measurement ////Which is a tincture preparation method? ///Distillation with steam ///Mixing with solvent ///Extraction with methanol //Dissolution of thick and dry extracts ////We prepare suspensions when. ///Solid particles are freely soluble in the solvent ///Solid particles form an extra layer ///By chemical reaction two solid particles form soluble compound //When solvent is changed ////Plant size reduction can be made by? //Milling ///Mixing ///Extracting ///Dissolving ////What is the main advantage of suspension? ///High dissolution rate ///Easy to prepare //High bioavailability ///High stability ////How much 55% ethanol do we need to prepare 235L (K=1.85) of Menthe piperita tincture (1:10)? ///215L //278.5L ///130.5L ///250.75L ////What is the main advantage of emulsion? ///Easy to prepare //Increased rate of absorption ///Good organolaptic properties ///Stability ////Which process is a Percolation? ///when solvent is mixed with the plant material ///when solvent is dissolving the plant material //when solvent is squeezed through the plant material ///when solvent is extracting the plant material ////How much 60% ethanol is necessary for preparing 30% 350ml ethanol? //175ml ///187ml ///213ml ///155ml ////Which is a Maceration method? ///Distillation with steam ///Mixing with solvent ///Extraction with methanol //Turbo extraction  Pharmaceutical Technology II 1. ////What are the main requirements for powders? /// Flowability ///Homogeneity ///Dose accuracy //All of them 2. ////What is the reason for milling of powder substances? /// Reduce the hazard of toxic dust powders // Provide stability of powders, avoid stratifying /// Reduce the hazard of hygroscopic powder adhesion /// More convenient for storage 3. ////Which is wrong classification of powders: /// Based on dispersion degree /// Based on composition // Based on preparation method /// Based on dosing 4. ////What is the disadvantage of powders: // Because of the large surface area of powders makes them less sustainable towards moisture, temperature, light /// Can be administered easily to infants and young children who cannot swallow tablets or capsules /// Portability /// Solid preparations are more chemically stable than liquid ones 5. ////What should be regarded while choosing package material for powder? /// Dispersion degree of components // Physical and chemical properties of components /// Amount of active ingredient /// Technological properties of components 6. ////Milling degree of substance depend on: /// Milling time /// Milling machine /// Physical and chemical properties of substance // All of them. 7. ////What is the advantage of powders? /// The masking of unpleasant taste may be a problem with this type of preparation. // Feasible regulation range of dispersion /// Powders are not a suitable for administration of drugs which are inactivated in stomach. /// It is difficult to protect powders containing hygroscopic, deliquescent or aromatic materials from decomposition 8. ////Whichis the correct preparationprocessof powder containing dyer substance? // Weighting initial materials, mixing white colour substances, divide white substances into two parts, one part is left into the mortar and another on the clean paper, dyer substance is added into the mortar, than left white substance is added and mixed /// Weighting initial materials, mixing white colour substances, add dyer substance into the mortar and mix /// Weighting initial materials, mixing white colour substances, divide white substances into two parts, one part is left into the mortar and another on the clean paper, dyer substance is added into the mortar and mixed, than left white substance is added and mixed /// Weighting initial materials, put dyer substance into the mortar, add several drops of 95% alcohol and mix, after alcohol is evaporated white substances are added and mixed 9. ////Which is the correct preparation process of powder containing camphor? // Weighting initial materials, put camphor into the mortar, add several drops of 95% alcohol and mix, after alcohol is evaporated other substances are added according to the general rules and mixed. /// Weighting initial materials, put camphor into the mortar, add other substances according to the general rules and mixed. /// Weighting initial materials, put camphor into the mortar, add other substances according to the general rules, add several drops of 95% alcohol and mix /// Weighting initial materials, put camphor into the mortar, add other substances according to the general rules and mixed, then add several drops of water and mix 10. ////What are the physical properties of solid initial substances? // Particle size, shape, adhesion and cohesion, surface contact area /// Flowability, fractional composition, porosity, surface contact area /// Particle size, shape, adhesion and cohesion, hygroscopicity /// Particle size, shape, adhesion and cohesion, surface contact area, porosity 11. ////What are the chemical properties of solid initial substances? /// Dissolution, wettability, hygroscopicity, porosity /// Dissolution, wettability, surface contact area // Dissolution, wettability, hygroscopicity /// Adhesion and cohesion, surface contact area, porosity, hygroscopicity 12. ////What are the technological properties of initial solid substances? /// Fractional composition, hygroscopicity, porosity /// Flowability, fractional composition, porosity, surface contact area /// Flowability, fractional composition dissolution // Flowability, fractional composition, porosity 13. ////Particle size and shape influence on: /// Flowability /// Dissolution rate ///Absorption rate // All of them 14. ////What are the requirements for excipients? // Theymust be physically and chemically stable by themselves and in combination with the API /// Homogeneity /// Flowability /// Dose accuracy 15. ////What are the requirements for excipients? /// They must be physically and chemically stable by themselves and in combination with the drugs /// They must be free from all microbial contamination /// Do not alter the bioavailability of drug // All of them 16. ////Which excipient has the following function: aid dispersion of the tablet in the gastrointestinal tract and increasing the surface area for dissolution? /// Diluent // Disintegrant /// Glidant /// Binder 17. ////Which excipient has the following function: improve the flow of powders during tablet manufacturing by reducing friction and adhesion between particles? // Glidant /// Diluent /// Binder /// Antiadherent 18. ////Which excipient has the following function: to reduce adhesion between the powder and the punch and prevent particles sticking to the punches? /// Glidant // Antiadherent /// Binder /// Disintegrant 19. ////What are the tablet production methods? /// Compression and formation /// Compression: direct compression and granulation /// Direct compaction: API with or without excipients // All of them 20. ////What is the definition of granulation process? // Process which converts small particles into physically stronger and larger agglomerates /// Process which converts big particles into smaller /// Compression process of agglomerates /// Process which reduce production time 21. ////What is the reason for granulation? /// Reduce production time // Reduce the hazard of toxic dust powders /// Reduce microbial contamination /// For product identification 22. ////Chose the correct technological stages of wet granulation: /// Weighting, mixing, slugging, dry granulation, mixing, tableting // Weighting, mixing, agglomeration, wet granulation, drying, milling, mixing, tableting /// Weighting, mixing, agglomeration, wet granulation, milling, mixing, tableting /// Weighting, mixing, slugging, drying, milling, mixing, tableting 23. ////What is the reason for tablet coating? /// Protect API from acid area of GIT /// Separate incompatible ingredients ///Protects mucus surface of GIT from irritation // all of them 24. ////What is the reason for tablet coating? // Prolong the release of medicament in the gastrointestinal tract /// Reduce the hazard of toxic dust powders /// Reduce the hazard of hygroscopic powder adhesion /// Increase disintegration time of tablets 25. ////What are the main types of coats used in the pharmaceutical industry? /// Film coating /// Sugar coating /// Compression coating // All of them 26. ////Which components does film coating formulations contain? /// Gelatin, colourants, solvent/vehicle /// Gelatin, colourants, polymers // Polymer, plasticizer, colourants, solvent/vehicle /// Polymer, solvent/vehicle 27. ////Chose the correct technological stages of molded tablets: /// Weighting, mixing, slugging, dry granulation, mixing, tableting. /// Weighting, mixing, agglomeration, wet granulation, drying, milling, mixing, Tableting. // Milling API and excipients, mixing, moisturing with 40-95% ethanol,filling die with wet mass (tablet formation), dry mass in die at 30-40oC, standardization. /// Milling API and excipients, mixing, moisturing with 40-95% ethanol, drying, tableting, standardization. 28. ////Which is the quality test for tablets? /// Uniformity of weight /// Dissolution test ///Hardness test // All of them 29. ////Based on the structure tablets are classified: /// Compressed tablets /// Sublingual tablets // Multilayer tablets /// Effervescent tablets 30. ////Fractional composition of solid substances influence on: /// Disintegration // Dose accuracy /// Hygroscopicity /// Dissolution 31. ////What is the type of granulation? // Wet granulation /// Compression /// Formation /// All of them 32. ////Quality of tablets is evaluated based on: /// Fractional composition // Disintegration /// Flowability /// Bulk density 33. ////Lamination as tablet defect is: // Separation of a tablet into two or more distinct horizontal layers /// When the upper or lower segment of the tablet separates horizontally /// Breaking of tablet edges /// Unequal distribution of colour on a tablet 34. ////Which is the reason for tablet sticking? // Too much binder /// Too dry granules /// Tablets expand /// Large size of granules 35. ////What is the reason and remedy for tablet capping? // Low moisture content-Moisten the granules /// Tablet expand – Add dry binders /// Too much binding agent – Optimize binding agent /// Too little lubricant – increase or change lubricant 36. ////What is the advantage of melt granulation? // Neither solvent nor water is used /// No temperature influence on API /// Improvesolubility of API /// Multistage process 37. ////What is the definition of capsules? // Solid dosage forms in which one or more medicinal substances are enclosed within a small shell or container generally prepared from a suitable form of gelatin /// Compressed solid dosage form containing medicaments with or without excipients /// Solid dosage form and considered to be composed of solid particles of the same or different chemical compositions /// Compressed solid dosage forms in which one or more medicinal substances are enclosed within a small shell or container generally prepared from a suitable form of gelatin 38. ////What is the advantage of capsules? /// Attractive appearance /// Easy to swallow hence improves patient compliance /// Fastertherapeutic efficiency than tablets // All of them 39. ////What is the disadvantage of capsule? // Hygroscopic drugs cannot be filled in capsules /// Capsule manufacturing requires fewer steps than tablet manufacturing /// Objectionableodour and bitter taste can be masked /// Fastertherapeutic efficiency than tablets 40. ////What is the function of plasticizer in gelatin capsule manufacturing process? /// To improve structural-mechanical properties of gelatin, to make shell brittle // To improve structural-mechanical properties of gelatin, to make shell plastic and pliable /// To increase the stability /// Obtain prolong action 41.////What are the ways to preparing gelatin solution? /// With and without dissolving of gelatin /// With and without adding plasticizer // With and without swelling of gelatin /// With adding preservatives 42. //// What are the methods to prepare soft gelatin capsules? /// Compression and formation // Droplet and pressing method /// Rolling and pouring method /// Compression and pouring method 43.////Which material can’t be filled into hard gelatin capsules? /// Dry solids /// Semi-solids /// Non-aqueous liquids // Aqueous liquids 44.////From the following which isn’t evaluation test of capsules? /// Dissolution test /// Capsule appearance // Melting time /// Content uniformity 45.////What are the ideal properties of ointments? /// Smooth texture /// Non dehydrating /// Easily applicable with efficient drugrelease // All of them 46.////Based on disperse systems ointments are classified: // Homogenous /// Ointments of local action /// Dermatological /// Hydrophilic 47.////What are ideal properties for ointment? /// Dissolution // Compatible with skin pH and drug /// Desired milling degree /// Not washable 48.////For which ointment levigation stage is necessary? // Ointment suspension /// Ointment emulsion /// Ointment alloy /// Ointmentsolution 49.////Which base should be used if there is not indicated type of base? /// Lanoline /// Lanoline-vazeline // Vazeline /// Hidrophylic base 50.////Which is and excipient used in ointments manufacture ?. /// lubricant /// binder // Oil/water and water/oil emulsifiers /// Disintegrant 51.////From the following which isn’t the evaluation test for ointments? /// pH /// Measuring drug release from semisolid dosage forms /// Homogeniety test // Dissolution test 52. ////100 g of zinc oxide ointment is prescribed, what is necessary amount of the base? /// 100 g // 90 g /// 95 g /// 80 g 53. ////Which is the ointment classified based on consistency? /// Ointment alloy // Liniment /// Ointment suspension /// Combined ointment 54. ////What is the relevant definition for suppositories? // Suppositories are dosed medical forms, which are solid at room temperature and melted or dissolved at the temperature of body and are intended for administration in the body cavity /// Suppositories are semi-dosed medical forms, which are solid at room temperature and melted or dissolved at the temperature of body and are intended for administration in the body cavity /// Suppositories are dosed medical forms, which are semi-solid at room temperature and melted or dissolved at the temperature of body and are intended for administration in the body cavity /// Suppositories are dosed medical forms, which are solid at room temperature and melted or dissolved at the temperature of body and which are applied to skin or mucous membranes 55. ////What is disadvantage of suppositories? /// Alter skin functions // There is the possibility of degradation of some drugs by the microflora present in the rectum /// In patients experiencing nausea and vomiting or when the patient is unconscious /// As most of them are fatty, they are not easily washable 56. ////What is the advantage of suppositories? /// Improved patient compliances /// Irritating effects may be occurred // Achievement of a rapid drug effect systemically (as an alternate to injection) /// No need of special storage conditions 57. ////What is the requirement for suppositories? // Must be solid at room temperature /// Non greasy and non-staining /// Should have semisolid consistency /// Do not alter skin functions 58.////What is the main disadvantage of cacao oil as suppository base? /// Non-reactive // Polymorphism /// Difficult to remove from skin /// No laxative effect 59.////Which is the requirement to the suppositories bases? // It should melt or dissolve at body temperature and release API /// It should be solid body temperature and release API /// Uncompatible with a variety of drugs /// Semisolid Consistency 60.////Which factors affect drug absorption from suppositories? /// Physiological factors /// Physicochemical factors of the drug substance /// Physicochemical factors of the base // All of them 61.////Which is the manufacturing method for suppositories? /// Droplet method // Pour molding method /// fusion method /// All of them 62.////What is the quality test for suppositories? // Softening time test /// Disintegration /// Pyrogen test /// Durability test 63.////Which coefficient should be regarded while preparing suppositories via pour molding method? /// Expansion coefficient // Replacement factor /// Absorption coefficient /// All of them 64.////Based on action and using patches are divided: /// Epidermatical patches /// Endermetical patches /// Diadermatical patches // All of them 65.////What is the advantage of transdermal drug delivery system? /// Longer duration of action resulting in increasing dosing frequency /// Alter skin function // Flexibility of terminating the drug administration by simply removing patch from the skin /// Adhesion may vary with patch type and environmental conditions 66. ////What is the disadvantage of transdermal drug delivery system? // Only definite molecule size drugs can be delivered currently through the skin /// They are not easily washable /// Self-administration is possible with these systems /// Difficulty to terminate the drug administration by simply removing patch from the skin 67.////What does drug penetration by the appendageal route mean? /// Diffusing through the continuous lipid matrix // Passing by hair follicles and sweat glands /// Passing through corneocytes /// Passing through corneocytes and by hair follicles 68.////What are the basic components of transdermal drug delivery system? /// Polymer matrix/ Drug reservoir, vehicle, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminates, rate controlling membrane /// Polymer matrix/ Drug reservoir, soft base, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminates, rate controlling membrane /// Soft base, drug, other excipients // Polymer matrix/ Drug reservoir, permeation enhancers, pressure sensitive adhesive, backing laminates, rate controlling membrane 69. ////When is boiling of lead patch is regarded complete? // Boiling patch is considered complete when colour is changed into greyish-white and a small sample at pouring it into cold water, gives a plastic mass which at the kneading does not stick to your fingers /// Boiling patch is considered complete when a small sample at pouring it into cold water, gives a plastic mass which at the kneading stick to your fingers /// Boiling patch is considered complete when a small sample at pouring it into cold water colour is changed /// Boiling patch is considered complete when water is completely evaporated 70. ////Why is it important continuous stirring during the preparation process of lead patch? /// Lead oxide and fat mass have same density and continuous stirring is essential during the preparation process // Lead oxide and fat mass have different density and continuous stirring is essential during the preparation process, to avoid the separation of layers /// To increase the evaporation rate of water /// To evaporate left amount of water 71. ////What are the stages of preparation simple lead patch? // Melting oil and fat, milling lead oxide, sifting litharge (lead oxide), preparation lead oxide suspension, mixing suspensions of lead oxide with alloy, production patches mass, flushing ready mass from glycerol, drying patches /// Melting oil and fat, milling lead oxide, sifting litharge (lead oxide), flushing ready mass from glycerol, preparation lead oxide suspension, mixing suspensions of lead oxide with alloy, production patches mass, drying patches /// Melting oil and fat, milling lead oxide, sifting litharge (lead oxide), preparation lead oxide suspension, flushing ready mass from glycerol, drying patches /// Melting oil and fat, milling lead oxide, sifting litharge (lead oxide), preparation lead oxide suspension, mixing suspensions of lead oxide with alloy 72. ////Choose the relevant definition of patches? /// At room temperature patch is dense, but at the human body it is melt or dissolved /// Patches – semi-dosage form for external application that is capable to melt or dissolve at body temperature to adhere to the skin // Patches - dosage form for external application that is capable of softening at body temperature to adhere to the skin /// Patches - dosage form for internal application that is capable of softening at body temperature to adhere to the skin 73. ////What is the composition of simple lead patch? /// Fat purified , lead oxide, water in sufficient quantity // Oil, fat purified , lead oxide, water in sufficient quantity /// Oil, fat purified , lead oxide and other excipients /// Oil, fat purified ,lead oxide, water in sufficient quantity and other excipients 74. ////Choose the relevant definition of aerosol: // An aerosol is a disperse phase system, in which very fine solid drug particles or liquid droplets get dispersed in the propellants , which acts as continuous phase /// An aerosol is a disperse phase system /// An aerosol is a disperse phase system, in which very fine solid drug particles or liquid droplets get dispersed in sufficient solvent /// In Aerosol product concentrate is sealed within an aerosol container 75. ////What is advantage of aerosols? /// Manual contact with medicaments is not avoided /// Relatively high cost /// Air pollution by drugs and propellants at the manipulation // Container is tightly closed, ensuring sterility and the drug protecting from the impact of the external factors 76. ////What is disadvantage of aerosols? /// Absence of air prevents oxidation of the product // Possibility of explosion of the container due impact or high temperature /// Manual contact with medicaments can be avoided /// Relatively low cost 77. ////What is propellant? // Liquefied or compounded gases having vapour pressures exceeding employed to obtain the necessary delivery and spray characteristics of the aerosol /// Solvent to obtain the necessary delivery of the aerosol /// Dispersed solid particles /// Water-alcoholic mixture 78. ////What is the method of filling of the aerosol containers by propellants? /// Vacuum method /// Syringe method // Low-temperature method or ,,cold filling” /// All of them 79. ////What is the requirement to the glass containers for aerosols? // Shouldwithstand the internal pressure /// Interact with the formulation /// Lead to oxidative degradation of the formulation /// Should have internal stresses of glass 80.////Based on the states of aggregationaerosol propellant are classified: /// The main // Liquefied gases /// Auxiliary /// All of them 81. ////What is the advantage of parenteral preparations? // Can be administered to unconscious patients, infants, elderly persons and patients who cannot take oral medications /// Complete drug bioavailability is not possible /// Potential pain or discomfort for the patient /// Danger of blood clot formation is there 82. ////What is the disadvantage of parenteral preparations? /// Patients need rapid drug action in emergency situations // Generally need medical help for administration /// Appropriate way when drug is not absorbed orally /// Air pollution by drugs may occurred 83. ////What arethe requirements for parenteral preparation? /// Sterility /// Free from Pyrogen /// Free from particulate matter // All of them 84. ////What is the requirement for parenteral vehicles? // Compatible with blood /// Flowability /// Affect the pH /// Homogeneity 85. ////What is clean room? // A clean room is an area that is specially constructed and maintained to reduce the probability of environmental contamination of sterile products during the manufacturing process /// A clean room is an area where packing is done to protect the product from external environment /// A clean room is an area where the random samples are chosen and given for analysis to QC (quality control) department /// All of them 86. ////Which is not quality parameter of glass rod? /// Conicity /// Wall thickness deviation /// Linearity // Water- resistance 87. ////Which is not quality parameter of ampoule glass? /// Water-resistance /// Alkali resistance // Linearity /// Thermal resistance 88. ////What method is not used for ampoules filling? /// Vacuum method /// Syringe method /// Vapors-condensation method // Cold filling method 89. ////What is the method of ampoule sealing? /// Vacuum method /// Syringe method /// Vapors-condensation method // Streching of ampoule capillaries 90. ////Which arethe sources of pyrogen in sterile preparations? /// Containers and closures /// Chemicals used as solutes /// Human touch // All of them 91. ////Which is not physical method of sterilization? /// Steam sterilization /// Dry heat sterilization /// Ultraviolet light sterilization // Sterilization by gasses 92. ////What are quality control tests for parenteral preparation? /// Clarity test /// Leakage test /// Pyrogen test // All of them 93. ////Depend on the therapeutic action infusions are classified: // Regulators of water-saline balance and acid-base equilibrium /// Isotonic solutions /// Water-alcoholic solutions /// All of them 94. ////What are the main reasons for low bioavailability of ophthalmic dosage forms /// Small absorptive surface area /// Enzymolysis /// Defence mechanisms // All of them 95. ////What is the main characteristic (requirement) for ocular drug delivery system? // Sterility /// Free from pyrogen /// All of them /// Isoionicity 96. ////What is main advantage for ophthalmic semi-solid preparations? /// Drug absorption is fastest // Ophthalmic ointments have a longer ocular contact time when compared to many ophthalmic solutions /// Blurred vision that occurs as the ointment base melts and is spread across the lens /// Short ocular contact time when compared to many ophthalmic solutions 97. ////What is the approach to increase ocular bioavailability? /// Provide sterility of ophthalmic dosage forms // Using viscosity enhancer /// Increasesystemic absorption /// All of them 98. ////Which are the solid ophthalmic preparations? // Tablets, pencils, powders, inserts, lenses /// Tablets, irrigation solutions, powder /// Inserts, pencils, suspensions, powder /// All of them 99. ////What is the disadvantage of ophthalmic solutions? // Very short contact time of the solution and eye surface /// Drug absorption is fast /// No need of preservative agent /// All of them 100. ////What are the pharmaceutical factors which influence on effectiveness of dosage forms ? /// Physical and chemical properties of API /// Type of the dosage form /// Method of manufacture of the dosage form // All of them  Pharmacognosy final exam MCQ \\\\ Which part of Dog rose is used in medicine? \\\ Flores \\ Fructus \\\ Bulbus \\\ Rhizoma \\\\ What the “L.” indicates in “Plantago major L.”? \\\ a group of species, which are closely related \\\ a group of genera sharing certain traits \\ The botanist who provided the first scientific description of the species \\\ Class of the medicinal plant \\\\ To which family belongs Calendula officinalis? \\\ Malvaceae \\ Asteraceae \\\ Caprifoliaceae \\\ Rosaceae \\\\ Which part of Flax is used in medicine? \\\ Herba \\ Semen \\\ Flores \\\ Folia \\\\ Which plant contains cyanogenic glycoside linamarin? \\ Flax \\\ Marigold \\\ Common nettle \\\ Plantain \\\\ Which is synthetic vitamin K? \\\ Menaquinine \\\ Menadione \\\ Phylloquinone \\\ None of these \\\\ What is the Latin name of “Bark”? \\\ Radix \\\ Rhizoma \\\ Folia \\ Cortex \\\\ Which is monosaccharide? \\ Ribose \\\ Saccharose \\\ Rafinose \\\ Cellulose \\\\ To which family belongs Marshmallow? \\\ Apiaceae \\ Malvaceae \\\ Asteraceae \\\ Rosaceae \\\\ Which is water-soluble vitamin? \\\ Retinol \\\ Calciferol \\\ Tocopherol \\ Riboflavin \\\\ What is Latin name of Coltsfoot? \\\ Plantago major \\ Tussilago farfara \\\ Urtica dioica \\\ Linum ussitatissimum \\\\ What is Latin name of daisy Family? \\\ Plantaginaceae \\\ Urticaceae \\\ Cruciferae \\ Asteraceae \\\\ Peanut belongs to … family? \\\ Rosaceae \\ Fabaceae \\\ Malvaceae \\\ Urticaceae \\\\ Whichis English name of Caprifoliaceae ? \\ Honeysuckle family \\\ Common Nettlefamily \\\ Daisy family \\\ Marshmallow family \\\\ Which vitamin deficiencies cause Beriberi? \\\ Retinol \\ Thymine \\\ Phylloquinone \\\ Tocopherol \\\\ Which vitamin is responsible for uptake of iron in the blood and are necessary for the formation of red blood cells? \\\ Ascorbic acid \\\ Riboflavin \\\ Menadione \\ Pyridoxine \\\\ Which part of Seaberryis used in medicine? \\\ Flores \\\ Fructus \\\ Bulbus \\\ Rhizoma \\\\ Arachis hypogaea belongs to … family. \\\ Rosaceae \\Fabaceae \\\Malvaceae \\\ Urticaceae \\\\ Which is pro-vitamin of retinol? \\\ Tocopherol \\ Carotene \\\ Phylloquinone \\\ Thiamine \\\\ What is chemical name of Vitamin B12? \\\ Retinol \\\ Piridoxyne \\ Cobalamin \\\ Riboflavin \\\\ Which vitamin molecule consists of pyrimidine and thiazole unit connected by a methylene bridge? \\\ Riboflavin \\ Thiamine \\\ Retinol \\\ Calciferol \\\\ What is chemical name of Vitamin A? \\ Retinol \\\ Piridoxyne \\\ Beta-caroten \\\ Menadione \\\\ Shepherd's-purse belonges to … family? \\\ Asteraceae \\ Brassicaceae \\\ Fabaceae \\\ Urticaceae \\\\ Which plant contains phylloquinone, acetylcholine, histamine and formic acid? \\ Urtica dioica \\\ Viburnum opulus \\\ Plantago major \\\ Hippophaёr hamnoides \\\\ Which vitamin deficiencies cause Scurvy? \\\ Vitamin B2 \\\ Vitamin A \\ Vitamin C \\\ Vitamin B12 \\\\ To which family belongs Ricinus communis? \\ Malvaceae \\\ Asteraceae \\\ Caprifoliaceae \\\ Euphorbiaceae \\\\ What is Latin name of French rose ? \\ Rosa gallica \\\ Rosa damascena \\\ Rosa centifolia \\\ Rosa canina \\\\ For which family is Glandular trichome is characteristic? \\\ Valerianaceae \\ Lamiaceae \\\ Apiaceae \\\ Myrtaceae \\\\ What is Latin name of Celery family? \\\ Caprifoliaceae \\\ Asteraceae \\\ Lauraceae \\ Apiaceae \\\\ Which part of chamomile is used in medicine? \\\ Radix \\\ Herba \\\ Folium \\ Flores \\\\ What is Latin name of Provence rose ? \\\ Rosa gallica \\\ Rosa damascena \\ Rosa centifolia \\\ Rosa canina \\\\ To which family belongs Artemisia absinthium? \\\ Malvaceae \\ Asteraceae \\\ Lamiaceae \\\ Caprifoliaceae \\\\ To which family belongs Cinnamonum camphora? \\\ Lamiaceae \\ Lauraceae \\\ Asteraceae \\\ Euphorbiaceae \\\\ Which medicinal plant contain linalool? \\ Rosa centifolia \\\ Rosa canina \\\ Valeriana officinalis \\\ Mentha piperita \\\\ Which part of blue gum is used in medicine? \\\ Flores \\\ Herba \\\ Cortex \\ Folium \\\\ Which plant`s essential oil contains carvacrol and thymol? \\\ Matricaria chamomilla \\\ Cinnamomum camphora \\\ Valerianna officinalis \\ Origanum vulgare \\\\ What is Latin name of Honeysuckle Family? \\\ Malvaceae \\ Caprifoliaceae \\\ Asteraceae \\\ Rosaceae \\\\ Which plant`s essential oil contains achilleic acid? \\\ White gum \\\ Chamomile \\\ Fennel \\ Yarrow \\\\ Which part of Sage is used in medicine? \\\ Radix \\\ Herba \\ Folium \\\ Flores \\\\ Which part of Mentha piperita is used in medicine? \\\ Rhizoma \\\ Radix \\ Folium \\\ Flores \\\\ Which is English name of Foeniculum vulgare? \\\ Yarrow \\ Fennel \\\ Sage \\\ Foxglove \\\\ Which plant contain geraniol? \\ Rose \\\ Fennel \\\ Valerian \\\ White gum \\\\ Which plant`s essential oil is a complex mixture of bisabolol, chamazulene and acetylene derivatives? \\\ Cinnamomum camphora \\\ Foeniculum vulgare \\\ Valerianna officinalis \\ Matricaria chamomilla \\\\ Sage belongs to …. family? \\\ Rosaceae \\\ Fabaceae \\\ Lauraceae \\ Lamiaceae \\\\ Which crude drug reduces blood pressure, heart rate and feelings of pressure when under stress? \\\ White gum \\ Valerian \\\ Sage \\\ Rose \\\\ To which family belongs Lavander? \\\ Rosaceae \\\ Fabaceae \\\ Caprifoliaceae \\ Lamiaceae \\\\ Which is synonym of Apiaceae? \\ Leguminosae \\\ Labiatae \\\ Umbelliferae \\\ Cruciferae \\\\ Which is molecular formula of isoprene? \\\ C8H16 \\\ C10H16 \\ C5H8 \\\ C6H8 \\\\ What part of Valerian used in medicine? \\\ Fructus \\ Radix \\\ Folium \\\ Herba \\\\ What is biological action of Lavandula angustifolia ? \\\ anticancer \\\ antifungal \\ anti-inflammatory \\\ antidepressant \\\\ Which plant contain foliamenthin, loganine and menthiafoline? \\\ Yam \\\ Dandelion \\ Bogbean \\\ Hop \\\\ Which glycosides are the most abundant in the nature? \\\ S-glycosides \\\ C-glycosides \\ O-glycosides \\\ N-glycosides \\\\ In which Genera are cardiac glycosides commonly found ? \\ Nerium \\\ Cyclamen \\\ Primula \\\ Yucca \\\\ Which is Latin name of Java tea? \\\ Glycyrrhiza glabra \\\ Equisetum arvense \\\ Aralia spinosa \\ Orthosiphon stamineus \\\\ Which part of Foxglove used in medicine? \\ Folium \\\ Bulbus \\\ Fructus \\\ Cortex \\\\ Which is color reactions of the sugars? \\\ Legal's test \\\ Raymond's test \\\ Kedde's test \\ Keller-Kiliani test \\\\ Which is Latin name of horsetail? \\\ Dioscorea nipponica \\\ Strophanthus gratus \\ Equisetum arvense \\\ Aralia spinosa \\\\ What part of Liquorie is used in medicine? \\\ Tubers \\\ Rhizoma \\ Radix \\\ Flores \\\\ Digitalis lanata belongs to … family? \\\ Lamiaceae \\\ Fabaceae \\\ Asteraceae \\ Plantaginaceae \\\\ Which part of Digital is used in medicine? \\\ Fructus \\\ Radix \\ Folium \\\ Herba \\\\ Which plant contains humulone, cohumulone, adhumulone? \\\ Yam \\ Hop \\\ Ginseng \\\ Bogbean \\\\ Which is color reactions of the lactone ring? \\\ Legal's test \\\ Raymond's test \\\ Kedde's test \\ All of these \\\\ In which medicinal plant is found Digoxigenin ? \\ Foxglove \\\ Lily \\\ Liqurice \\\ Horstail \\\\ Which part of Strophanthus is used in medicine? \\\ Fructus \\\ Folium \\ Semen \\\ Flores \\\\ Which substance is recomended for valvular heart disease, also in cases of cardiac debility and dropsy? \\ Convallarin \\\ Protopine \\\ Primulaverine \\\ Araliin \\\\ Which sugar is most abundant in glycosides? \\\ Starch \\\ Arabinose \\\ Fructose \\ Glucose \\\\ Which substances are able to interact with cell membranes and are also able to decrease the surface tension of an aqueous solution? \\\ Bitter glycosides \\\ Cardenolids \\ Triterpenoid saponines \\\ Cardiac glycosides \\\\ To which family belongs Liquorice? \\\ Lamiaceae \\\ Lauraceae \\ Fabaceae \\\ Euphorbiaceae \\\\ Which plant contain the phytoaestrogens? \\\ Equisetum arvense \\\ Aralia spinosa \\ Glycyrrhiza glabra \\\ Strophanthus gratus \\\\ Which plant contain orthosiphols? \\ Java tea \\\ Liquorise \\\ Primrose \\\ Lily \\\\ Which is the Latin name of the dogbane family? \\\ Scropulariaceae \\\ Araliaceae \\\ Primulaceae \\ Apocynaceae \\\\ Which plant is used for treatment of nervous anxiety and insomnia? \\ Passionflower \\\ Cinchona \\\ Snowdrop \\\ Periwinkle \\\\ Which plant contain vinblastin, vincrestine, vindesine? \\ Catharanthus roseus \\\ Glaucium flavum \\\ Papaver somniferum \\\ Galanthus