Federalism in India PDF

as education, forest, trade unions, There are some units of the marriage, adoption and succession. Indian Union which enjoy very little Both the Union as well as the State power. These are areas which are...

as education, forest, trade unions, There are some units of the marriage, adoption and succession. Indian Union which enjoy very little Both the Union as well as the State power. These are areas which are Governments can make laws on too small to become an independent the subjects mentioned in this list. State but which could not be merged If their laws conflict with each with any of the existing States. other, the law made by the Union These areas, like Chandigarh, or If agriculture and Government will prevail. Lakshadweep or the capital city of commerce are What about subjects that do not Delhi, are called Union Territories. state subjects, fall in any of the three lists? Or subjects These territories do not have the why do we have like computer software that came up powers of a State. The Central ministers of after the constitution was made? Government has special powers in agriculture and According to our constitution, the running these areas. commerce in the Union Government has the power to This sharing of power between Union cabinet? legislate on these ‘residuary’ subjects. the Union Government and the State We noted above that most Governments is basic to the structure federations that are formed by of the Constitution. It is not easy to ‘holding together’ do not give equal make changes to this power sharing power to its constituent units. Thus, arrangement. The Parliament cannot all States in the Indian Union do not on its own change this arrangement. have identical powers. Some States Any change to it has to be first passed enjoy a special status. States such by both the Houses of Parliament as Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal with at least two-thirds majority. Pradesh and Mizoram enjoy special Then it has to be ratified by the powers under certain provisions of legislatures of at least half of the the Constitution of India (Article total States. 371) due to their peculiar social The judiciary plays an important and historical circumstances. These role in overseeing the implementation special powers are especially enjoyed of constitutional provisions and in relation to the protection of procedures. In case of any dispute land rights of indigenous peoples, about the division of powers, the their culture and also preferential High Courts and the Supreme Court employment in government services. make a decision. The Union and Indians who are not permanent State Governments have the power residents of this State cannot buy to raise resources by levying taxes in land or house here. Similar special order to carry on the government provisions exist for some other States and the responsibilities assigned to of India as well. each of them. Listen to one national and one regional news bulletin broadcast by All India Federalism Radio daily for one week. Make a list of news items related to government policies or decisions by classifying these into the following categories:  News items that relate only to the Central Government,  News items that relate only to your or any other State Government,  News items about the relationship between the Central and State Governments. 2024-25 17 Chapter 2.indd 17 08-04-2022 12:30:53