Microbiology Past Paper PDF - Examination Questions & Answers

Okay, here is the converted text from the images into a structured markdown format: ### MG Year 2, Variant 4, MG Year II, Sem I, 2022-23, Microbiology Exam, Variant 4 **1. Resistance to beta-lactams can be installed through:** A. production by the bacterium of a molecule that blocks the recycling...

Okay, here is the converted text from the images into a structured markdown format: ### MG Year 2, Variant 4, MG Year II, Sem I, 2022-23, Microbiology Exam, Variant 4 **1. Resistance to beta-lactams can be installed through:** A. production by the bacterium of a molecule that blocks the recycling of bactoprenol B. production of an acetyl-transferase that modifies beta-lactams C. modification of the target of action D. inactivation by beta-lactamases E. modification of bacterial permeability **2. What are bacteriocins and what effect do they have?** A. are encoded by plasmids "col" B. are lipid type antibiotics C. can be produced by *bacilul coli* D. have a lethal effect on producing bacteria E. play a role in bacterial antagonism, intervening in the maintenance of normal microbiocenoses of the body **3. Mobile elements have the following properties:** A. can possess "r" genes (genes of resistance to antibiotics) B. have the ability to transpose within the same replicon or between different replicons C. can possess the gene for transposase D. have autonomous replication capacity E. always have an episomal behavior **4. A patient presents suspicion of tetanus. In the Gram-stained smear performed on the pathological product, Gram-positive spore-forming bacilli appear, with the aspect of "tennis racket". Which of the following statements are correct?** A. the bacterium is part of the genus *Corynebacterium* B. the capsule of this bacillus contains sulfur amino acids C. the spore represents a form of resistance of bacteria D. the bacterium is part of the genus *Clostridium* E. the spore can be destroyed at 120°C in 30 minutes and 1 atm pressure **5. Which of the following bacteria are always resistant to beta-lactams?** A. beta-hemolytic streptococcus B. *Staphylococcus aureus* C. *Treponema pallidum* D. *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* E. *Mycoplasma pneumoniae* **6. The bacterial glycocalyx is characterized by the properties:** A. allows specific adhesion to epithelial cells of the mucosa B. is involved in the production of dental caries C. is of a glycoprotein nature D. is formed by some bacteria only in laboratory conditions E. has a role in the transfer of resistance plasmids **7. Which of the properties listed corresponds to the cell wall in Gram-negative bacteria?** A. contains teichoic acids B. represents the bacterial endotoxin C. contains peptidoglycan in a reduced proportion (2-2) D. Is thicker and simpler structured than the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria E. represents the antigen O **8. The bacteria isolated from the sputum of a patient with preumonia is a Gram-negative, encapsulated, lactose-positive bacillus that forms mucous colonies on the culture media, probably the etiologic agent is:** A. *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* B. *Bacillus anthracis* C. *Corynebacterium diphtherine* D. *Klebsiella pneumoniae* E. *Proteus* **9. Conjugation through sex pili** A. occurs in Gram negative bacteria B. occurs only in Gram negative bacteria C. allows the transfer of plasmid complex genetic material, between HFR and F bacteria D. it is done through pheromones E. is done through conjugative plasmids **10. Ordinary pili have the following properties** A. give bacteria the ability to adhere to p B. there are few in number (1-4) on the bactrian cell C. have pilieinä in their structure D. are the bacterial antigen N E. are the bacterial antigen O **11. Choose the correct associations between antibiot targets/mechanisms of** A. chinolone (Quinolone), baci **12. A child is hospitalized with suspected meningitis. CSF was collected by lumbar puncture. In the Gram-stained smear made of CSF, numerous PMNs, Gram-negative diplococci, with the appearance of "coffee beans", localized extra and intracellularly were highlighted. Which of the following statements are correct? A. antibiotic resistance in this bacterium occurs through lysogenic conversion B. CSF should be seeded immediately onto a culture medium preheated to $37^{\circ}C$ C. the bacterium is most likely Streptococcus penumoniae D. the isolated bacteria is a mesophilic bacteria E. the bacterium is most likely *Neisseria meningitidis* ** 13. The nonspecific means of defense of the body (natural resistance) that oppose microbial aggression are** A. phagocytosis B. antibiotics and vaccines C. microbiocenoses (human microbiome, normal flora) D. inflammation E. integrity of the integuments and mucous membranes **14. Mutation:** A. often leads to resistance to antibiotics from several families B. its frequency and rate can increase under the influence of mutagenic factors C. has a spontaneous character D. is the main mechanism that leads to the selection of resistant strains in the hospital environment E. may not change the properties of the bacterial strain in which it appeared, some mutations being silent **15. In a smear stained with methylene blue performed from the purulent urethral secretion of a patient, reniform diplococci (coffee bean shape) are highlighted, located intra and extracellularly. Specify what bacteria it is about.** A. *Streptococcus pneumoniae* B. *Staphylococcus aureus* C. *Klebsiella pneumoniae* D. *Enterococcus* E. *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* **16. Which of the following characteristics correspond to bacterial exotoxins?** A. can be transformed into anatoxin or toxoids (by chemical and physical treatment) B. are not strongly immunogenic, but always induce intera de neutralizing antibodies C. are represented by LPZ present in the bacterial cell wall D. induce the production of antitoxins E. are of a protein nature **17. In the bacterial cell, the material **is represented by** A. plasmids R B. "col" plasmids C. mesosomes D. transposons E. bacteriophage **18. Tetracyclines act in the cell by** A. blocks the recycling of bactoprenului B. inhibit the transcription of genetic information d C. inhibits protein synthesis by targeting subu ribosomal 305 D. acts on the cellular membrane E. inhibits protein synthesis by aiming subunar ribosomal 505 **19. The growth curve of a bacterial population** A. inthe stationary phase proteins are synthesized for B. in the decline phase the bacteria are in a state of slaptare metabolică C. in the log period (exponential increase youn young, active metaboice D. in the latency phase the bacteria grow in volun E. is determined only on soil medii **20. Which of the following antibiotics apeueruui** cellular wall? A. Ampicillin B. Gentamicina C. Penicillin D. Erythromycin E. Meticilina **21. Care dintre urm * Staplyevazura MRSA? A. Penicillin & & Mebolina Linezolid **23. In canned vegetables, incorrectly sterilized, under anaerobic conditions, which of the following bacteria can develop?** A. *Mycobacterium* B. *Clostridium botulinum* C. *Staphylococcus aureus* D. *Bacillus anthracis* E. *Pseudomonas* **24. Strictly anaerobic bacteria** A. molecular oxygen is toxic to them B. obtain energy through respiration C. develop only in the presence of molecular oxygen D. obtain energy through fermentation E. have an electron transport chain **25. A hospitalized patient presents a secondary infection that a few days following surgery (appendectomy) at the surgical site. The Bacteria isolated is a Gram-negative, motile, strictly aerobic bacillus that produces a green pigment on the culture medium and the culture has an aromatic odor. Which of the following statements are true regarding the bacteria that caused this surgical site infection?** A. is a bacteria that only obtains its energy from fermentation processes B. is a bacterium that has endotoxin in its structure C. is *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* D. is an enterobacterium E. In the treatment of infection with the bacteria can use Carbenicillin, Ticarcillin, Piperacillin **26. A patient is suspected of having pulmonary tuberculosis. At the Ziehl-Neelsen performed on sputum, red bacilli were highlighted on a blue background. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the bacteria highlighted in sputum?** A. anti-tuberculosis therapy with Penicillin G will be indicated B. can be cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen medium C. the bacteria has a large amount of lipids (mycolic acid) in the cell wall D. is a bacterium from the genus Mycoplasma E. is an acid-alcohol resistant bacteria **27. The main bacterial pathogenicity factors, with the help of producing infections, are** A. capsule, which inhibits phagocytosis B. the antibodies producer Capacity to produce toxins Formation of biofilms, including on the surface of some actibe C. vaccines medical **28. One strains of the unpacitated unpacitated for the** capsulat. Care din umatoma privind bacteria care a proc A. has a time generator B. has a capsule of nature plad Ceste cel mai probabil Sept D. Are in peretele celulak E este o bacterie pretent sânge colonile sunt inconjur hemolal **25. Next followings are conte aind** Aminogirazitele A din spectrul lor de actiune la parte ba Indusky Preudtmares, Mat la peptidoglicanul existent Cau pinta de acune repre D. pinta de acture este satu E. bacterile devin recitente pe lor prin mutatje **30. Plasmidele** A sunt plasmide onpocar pot fi transferate increase C nu se pot replica, deci mo D. se pot transfera altar bateri pir cop **31. Bacteriile de interessage** umană au următoare prop A sunt carbonautore & necesită o sursă de energa by Ecol C. sunt alcaliofile obligatori D. sunt messfe (carbonheterotrole) **12. A child is hospitalized with suspicion of meningitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected by lumbar puncture. In the Gram-stained smear performed on the CSF, numerous PMNs, Gram-negative diplococci were highlighted, with the appearance of "coffee beans", localized extra and intracellularly. Which of the following statements are correct?** A. antibiotic resistance in this bacteria produced by lysis of the convert B. the CSF must be inoculated into a culture broth immediately C. the bacteria is cel mai probadbil *Streptococcus pneumoniae* D. the bacteria is isolated from the bacterium mezofilă E. the bacteria is mai probabil the *Neisseria meningitidis* **13. Mijloacele nespecifice de apărare ale organism** (rezistența naturală) care se opun agresiunii microbiene sunt: A. fagocitoza B. antibioticele și vaccinurile C. microbiocenozele(microbiomul uman, flora normală) D. inflamația E. integritatea tegumentelor și mucoaselor **14. Mutaţia** A. conduce frecvent la rezistența faţă de antibiotice din mai multe familii B. frecventa și rata el pot creşte sub influenţa unor factori mutageni C. are un caracter spontan D. Este mecanismul principala care conduce la selectarea, de tulpini rezistente in media spitalicesc E. **15. * The text is truncated** **16. ** The text is truncated**