EO2.1.pptx

UNCLASSIFIED Overview Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/Assumptions – Network Description • • • • • Platform Functional Description Connectivity matrix Timeline COMSEC cross reference table Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 1 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Naming Country of Origin (2) Originating Network Use/ National Use NDF Environment (2) (1) (1) Series Identifier (2) CAJE0002A 2 UNCLASSIFIED Version Identifier (1) UNCLASSIFIED Owners A Army C Combined F Air Force J Joint M Marine Corps N Navy S Shape AU Australia CA Canada FR France DE Germany IT Italy NT NATO US United States CAJE0002A 3 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Use/Environment D - Wartime E - Exercise O - Operational P - Peacetime T - Test U - Training X - Experimental Z - Other National Use CAJE002A 4 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Series/Version Identifier 2 character series identifier or serial number Version CAJE0002A 5 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/Assumptions – Network Description • Platform Functional Description • Connectivity matrix • Timeline • COMSEC cross reference table • Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 6 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Sections 1 and 2 Introduction and Assumptions • Overview / Purpose • Network CAJE0002A was built by the Canadian Joint Tactical Data Link Management Cell (JTDLMC) Network Design Facility (NDF) to support Link 16 operations, during Exercise HALCYON RV. 7 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Sections 1 and 2 Introduction and Assumptions • CAJE0002A • This network was designed to support 11 platforms types, participating in one community. In this network, all fighter participants operate in contention. 8 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NETWORK-WIDE PARAMETERS Network CAJE0002A was designed to operate under the following networkwide parameters. Parameter Value IPF Override Exercise (100/50) TDMA Range Normal Range Mode Communications Mode Mode 1 Default Net Number 0 Default TSEC Number 1 Default MSEC Number 0 Variable Location 0/1 CVLL 1 Variable Location 2/3 CVLL 2 JNL Number 702 Net Number 1 9 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/Assumptions – Network Description • Platform Functional Description • Connectivity matrix • Timeline • COMSEC cross reference table • Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 10 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Section 3 Platform Functional Description • Lists each platform type that time slots have been allocated for in the network – Specifies quantity of each platform • Details the NPG participation for each platform type (Tx or Rx) • Identifies designed track capacity for each surveillance platform – Does not assume track updates 11 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Section 3 Platform Functional Description 12 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/ Assumptions – Network Description • • • • Platform Functional Description Connectivity matrix Timeline COMSEC cross reference table • Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 13 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Section 3 - Timeline 14 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/ Assumptions – Network Description • Platform Functional Description • Connectivity matrix • Timeline • COMSEC cross reference table • Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 15 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Section 4 Network Operations Management • Guidance required to properly employ and operate the Link 16 network • Supplements JICO duties prescribed by CJCSM 3115.01 (JDN Ops) and CJCSM 6120.01 (JMTOP) 16 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Section 4 - Link 16 Manager The Link 16 network manager acting with authority delegated by the supported Commander shall: 1. Read and thoroughly understand the OPTASK Link message and Network Description Document. 2. Communicate network information to each participant via the OPTASK Link Message. a. JTIDS Transmission Mode: Example: JTRNMODE/-/EXER/NOR/MODE 1// b. Define and assign stacked nets for Control and Voice Example: JSTNETS/CNTRL/9/010/CRC BCC AIR CONTROL// JSTNETS/FTF/19/021/BLUE AIR FIGHTER TO FIGHTER// JSTNETS/VOICE A/12/002/LINK 16 VOICE BLUE AIR// c. Determine network crypto requirements and distribute via the OPTASK Link message: CPD/DDMMMYYYY/1// This identifies the date as CPD 1 JCRYPDAT/1/XXXXNNNN/-/0/-/1// JCRYPDAT/2/ XXXXNNNN/-/2/-/3// AMPN/ALL PARTICIPANTS WILL LOAD XXXXNNNN AS THE PRIMARY COMMON TSEC VARIABLE IN PAIRS 0 AND 1. THE F-15, F-16, F/A-18, F-22A, RJ, EA6B, AND EP-3 WILL LOAD XXXXNNNN AS THE SECOND COMMON VARIABLE TSEC KEY IN PAIRS 2 AND 3. Ensure that crypto key fill is performed by platform operators in accordance with the OPTASK Link message and the network COMSEC Cross Reference Table (select correct terminal memory locations with which to begin operations--i.e. choose the correct current CPD). Note: TSEC 1 is set to crypto variable memory location 0/1 for all participants. TSEC 2 is set to crypto variable memory location 2/3 for appropriate F-15s, F-16, F-22A, RJ, EP-3, EA6B, and F/A-18s for NPG 20. See Table 3-5. 17 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Network Description Document • An NDD contains: – Network Name – Introduction/ Assumptions – Network Description • Platform Functional Description • Connectivity matrix • Timeline • COMSEC cross reference table • Unit pulse density calculations – Network Ops Management – Appendices • Platform Loads 18 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Common Appendix Items • • • • • POC Information Purpose Network Parameters Platform Types Load File Reference or Option File info – Navy contains network management details 19 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform Load Files 20 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform ID • Platform ID is a functional description of what the unit is, its role, or capability 21 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED ID Sets • ID Set refers to a platforms ID in an OPTASK link message or a system that uses load files. 22 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform ID vs ID Set • It is important to always refer to the NDD when determining what load file to choose based on the Platform ID or ID Set. • They may look similar, but it can create confusion and will result in using the wrong load file. 23 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NOTE • US NDD's have ID-Sets and platform listings are not in a separate annex but in the main document itself. 24 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform ID • Platform ID is a functional description of what the unit is, its role, or capability 25 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED ID Sets • ID Set refers to a platforms ID in an OPTASK link message or a system that uses load files. 26 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform ID vs ID Set • It is important to always refer to the NDD when determining what load file to choose based on the Platform ID or ID Set. • They may look similar, but it can create confusion and will result in using the wrong load file. 27 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NOTE • US NDD's have ID-Sets and platform listings are not in a separate annex but in the main document itself. 28 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Connectivity Matrix Therefore – • The connectivity matrix summarizes unit participation – Programming and execution • Access methodology – Dedicated, Contention, TSR – Multi-net, Stacked net, Slot re-use 29 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Access Terminology • Dedicated – A hard transmit assignment – Unit will transmit if it has data to send – Default is receive • Contention Pools – A probabilistic transmit assignment – Units transmit in a few timeslots within a larger pool – Number of timeslots used is determined by the Contention Access Code 30 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Contention Access Codes VALUE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ACCESS RATE 1 per 48 seconds 2 per 48 seconds 3 per 48 seconds 2 per 24 seconds 3 per 24 seconds 2 per 12 seconds 3 per 12 seconds 4 per 12 seconds 6 per 12 seconds 8 per 12 seconds 12 per 12 seconds 16 per 12 seconds 20 per 12 seconds 26 per 12 seconds 32 per 12 seconds 64 per 12 seconds AVERAGE PERIOD 48.0 seconds 24.0 seconds 16.0 seconds 12.0 seconds 8.0 seconds 6.0 seconds 4.0 seconds 3.0 seconds 2.0 seconds 1.5 seconds 1.0 seconds 0.75 seconds 0.60 seconds 0.46 seconds 0.38 seconds 0.19 seconds 31 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Access Terminology • TSR Pools – A pseudo-random transmit assignment – Units trade some of the timeslots in their assignments – Number of timeslots traded is based upon aggregate demand – On the fly re-programming without a new IDL 32 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Access Techniques • Stacked net – Within the same timeslot, multiple units performing the same function on different hopping patterns – Net numbers are operator selectable • Multi-net – Within the same timeslot, multiple units performing different functions on different hopping patterns – Net numbers are programmed in the load – May also be accomplished by programming a different TSEC variable 33 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Access Techniques (Continued) • Slot reuse – Within the same timeslot, multiple units transmitting on the same hopping pattern – Dedicated access, same net number, same TSEC variable – Geographic separation • Overlays – A hybrid of stacked and multi-net – Allows multiple platforms with different programming requirements to use the same slot block assignment – Allows efficient allocation of timeslots 34 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Matrix Format Access Mode – assign an access Mode for each slot group. Access Mode is N/A for relay - D = Dedicated (Access Mode 16) - R = Dedicated Slot Reuse (Access Mode 16) - # = (1 – 15) Access Mode number (denotes Contention Access) - # = (18) TSR Initial Entry - # = (17) TSR Pool transmit 35 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Matrix Format Mnemonic Meaning Blank No Statement T Transmit R Receive T/R Transmit/Receive T/D Transmit/Default receive Y PG rely unconditional participation O Option O/D Option/Default Receive 36 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Platform Participation More Specifically • Types of assignments – T indicates transmit assignment • Terminal defaults to receive if it has nothing to transmit – R indicates receive assignment – T/R indicates transmit and receive • Dedicated assignment – typically used for C2 PPLI • More than one unit has received allocations in the same slot group, each unit has their own coordinated transmit assignment • Each unit will receive when not transmitting 37 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Frequency Deconfliction • Frequency deconfliction is an important part of military electronics planning eliminating mutual interference. • Many tactical radios are using short range line-of-sight frequencies. Using the same frequency in different locations without mutual interference is needed to conduct efficient communications 38 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Frequency Deconfliction • A more subtle example of electronic conflict involves an enemy frequency, if one intelligence unit is gathering information from intercepting it, but another unit jams it in the interest of denying its use to the enemy. • Hard decisions may need to be made if the value of the intelligence is greater than the value of the communications to the adversary's operations. 39 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Link 16 Frequency Deconfliction • As seen previously, Link 16 is using UHF in the Aeronautical Radio navigation Spectrum. It uses it with other communication systems, hence the need to deconflict the spectrum usage properly to negate any interference. 40 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Agreements • The deconfliction of the L16 spectrum as been agreed upon and is managed by DND with Industry Canada & NAV Canada, in coordination with the FAA and US DOD JCS. 41 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED GOC & NAV CANADA • Industry Canada - Government • Government department responsible for all matters related to communications policy and spectrum management • Industry Canada regulates the activities of NAV Canada • NAV Canada – Aviation Authority • NAV Canada is the sole provider of Canada’s civil air navigation system. Provides a similar function in Canada as what the FAA does in the USA • Responsible for wx, flight planning, AWNS, NOTAMS, etc… 42 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CF Joint Responsibilities • JTDLM – The national authority for issuing TDL technical directives within the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) • DFSM – • POC for Spectrum Management. Coordinate with NAV Canada. CJOC – POC with NAV Canada for Stop JTIDS orders 43 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CF Joint Procedures • Special Procedures – All CAF units must operate within the “Freq Clearance Criteria Documentation” rules. If operating outside of these rules, special permission must be obtained from NAV Canada. i.e. contention access, exceeding the TSDF, etc… • Foreign Military Operations – Procedures for foreign military units operating in the Canadian FIR can be found in ADatP 33 (D), Annex A, App CA 44 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CAN/U.S. MOU – U.S. JDS • Cross Border Coordination • Quote from Industry Canada, “it is recognized that the CAF will take the appropriate measures to coordinate Link 16 operations with the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to ensure that the frequency Clearance Criteria for JTIDS/MIDS is not exceeded in the Canada/U.S. boarder areas” • CAN/U.S. MOU • Currently in draft form • Use of FORSCOM JDS/LPDS mutually beneficial to ensure cross boarder coordination • Canada currently has sites in the FORSCOM JDS/LPDS with more to come 45 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED NORAD • NORAD operations DO NOT need to be de-conflicted in North America. • NORAD Exercises and ACA local flying still are to be deconflicted. • It is the sole exception accepted by FAA and NAV CANADA. 46 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Link 16 Frequency Clearance Criteria (FCC) • All units which use Link 16 must ensure they do not cause harmful interference • Applicable to current and future ARNS, RNSS and AM(R)S. • STOP JTIDS 47 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED FCC Geo-Restrictions • Fixed site (Link 16 Terminal) to any ground based TACAN/DME based on signal level of -33dBm (decibels relative to a milliwatt) • 0.9 km for a 200 watt Link 16 terminal • The minimum from ATCRBS/SSR is -20 dBm. • 900ft from a 200 watt Link 16 terminal 48 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED FCC Requirements • Records must be kept 1 year and have: – – – – – – Network Date Time (start/stop) Area of Operations (AOO) ECM feature enabled Any overrides if authorized 49 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Key Takeaway • All units, regardless of service, that operate Link 16 terminals within 200nm of US territory must perform Link 16 Deconfliction before they transmit. • NORAD Operations exempted. 50 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF Deconfliction Process • Step #1 Calculate TSDF – Single Unit TSDF – Total Area/Network TSDF • Step #2 Server Deconfliction – Area excess – Adjacent area overlaps 51 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF FCC Requirement • No more than 100 percent Time Slot Duty Factor (TSDF) is permitted within a 100 nautical mile (nm) radius circle drawn around each Link 16 terminal • 100 percent TSDF is defined as 396,288 pulses per 12second time frame interval. This is your baseline value based on the network packing structure. 52 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF FCC Requirement • No more than 50 percent TSDF is permitted by a single Link 16 terminal. This is a standard feature as the Link 16 Terminals EMC protection features will limit the terminal to 50% TSDF. Only way to go over would be by using Combat override mode in wartime. Most of the Link 16 Networks will limit the TSDF per platform to max 50% TSDF. 53 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF Calculation • How do we calculate TSDF? – TSDF is displayed with 2x values: Total TSDF for the network Highest Single Platform TSDF • Values are displayed in a percentage of 396,288 pulses. 100% TSDF = 396,288 pulses 54 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF Calculation • In the NDD, a TSDF Report sheet with each of the platforms is listed with the TSDF pulses and percentage. Report format can be displayed in 2 ways. – Legacy (Pre ~2020 Networks) – Modernized (Post ~2021 Networks) • The common way to differentiate between the two, is that the modernized one will have multiple coloured columns. • Those percentage displayed are the worst case TDSF that they can transmit. To achieve these values, all the terminal active would have to transmit on all the pulses assigned. 55 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized vs Legacy • To simplify the instruction, we will demonstrate how to calculate with a legacy sheet, but we will use modernized sheet to train and eventually evaluate TDL students. • Legacy sheet have been converted to modernized sheets by Canadian NDF and can be obtained upon request. (CAJE0007A, CAJE0008B) • Modernized sheets are a more accurate depiction of the different access modes used in the network and provide more accurate calculation. 56 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Calculating Voice • The voice TSDF contribution is added to the overall geographic area TSDF calculation. It is based on the number of voice nets in use and how many participants are in each net. – For up to 12 voice participants, it stays the same (1) – Between 13 and 20, you multiply by 2; and – More than 20 platforms you multiply by 3. 57 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy • First we calculate the Highest Max TSDF that a single platform is using. • To make the calculations more accurate, we calculate the pulses, then translate it to a TSDF percentage. 58 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Single TSDF Use Either Dedicated or Contention Unit Pulses (Dedicated) Single Unit TSDF (in Pulses) Relay Pulses (if used) Voice Pulses (49728 pulses per channel) (if used) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) Single Unit TSDF in % Unit Pulses (Contention) 59 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Single TSDF • As an example, let’s use CAJE0007A TSDF Report Sheet and let’s use CF18(1). 60 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Single TSDF Use Either Dedicated or Contention Unit Pulses (Dedicated) 0 (19314) Relay Pulses (if used) 0 Voice Pulses (49728 pulses per channel) (if used) 49728 Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) 0 Unit Pulses (Contention) 11952 61 UNCLASSIFIED 61680 Single Unit TSDF (in Pulses) 396288 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) 15.56% Single Unit TSDF in % UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Single TSDF • 1x CF188 TSDF on this network is 15.56% • The value you will use is the highest single platform that you have listed in all the platforms that you are planning to be in your network. – For example, if you have 6x CF188, you will do the calculation for only 1x CF188 to find the Single Highest TSDF. 62 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Total TSDF • Total TSDF is calculated differently. It involves rules for each of the columns. • Contention is totalled per IDS (not platform) and then multiplied by 1.5 • Voice is 49728 pulses per channel used, or double pulses if between 13 and 20 platforms or triple if more than 20 platforms or more on same channel. Whichever is the highest 63 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Use Either Dedicated or Contention Legacy Total TSDF Total of all platforms Dedicated Unit Pulses (Multiply value if multiple units are using the same IDS) Total TSDF (in Pulses) Contention Pulse Multiply Total of all platforms by 1.5 Total of Relay Pulses (if used) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) Voice Pulses (49728 pulses per channel used) or (49728 pulses if less 12 platforms on same channel) (99456 pulses if less than 20 platforms on same channel) (149184 pulses if 20 platforms or more on same channel) Whichever is the highest (if used) 64 UNCLASSIFIED Total TSDF in % UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Total TSDF • As an example, let’s use CAJE0007A TSDF Report Sheet and The following assets: – 1x Ship (C2MIDS) – 4x CF188 – 1x AEW • AEW will not be using it’s relay capability. • All of them will be on 1 Voice Channel. 65 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Total TSDF Total of all platforms Dedicated Unit Pulses (Multiply value if multiple units are using the same IDS) Use Either Dedicated or Contention Contention Pulse Multiply Total of all platforms by 1.5 Total of Relay Pulses (if used) 89406+15312 104718 (11952)x 1.5 17928 0 172,374 Total TSDF (in Pulses) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) >12 platforms 1x Channel Voice Pulses (49728 pulses per channel used) or (49728 pulses if less 12 platforms on same channel) (99456 pulses if less than 20 platforms on same channel) (149184 pulses if 20 platforms or more on same channel) Whichever is the highest (if used) 49728 66 UNCLASSIFIED Total TSDF in % 43.49% UNCLASSIFIED Legacy TSDF • Now that we have the total TSDF, we need to calculate the single TSDF for each platform and get the highest value. 67 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy Single TSDF Use Either Dedicated or Contention Unit Pulses (Dedicated) Single Unit TSDF (in Pulses) Relay Pulses (if used) Voice Pulses (49728 pulses per channel) (if used) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) Single Unit TSDF in % Unit Pulses (Contention) 68 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Legacy TSDF • The Highest single TSDF for the assets listed was the C2 Ship at 35.10% • With the Total, the TSDF for the Network would be 43.49% / 35.10% 69 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized TSDF Sheets • Modernized Sheets are divided in 4 columns categories depending of the timeslot allocation in the Connectivity Matrix. – Dedicated – Relay • Dedicated TS • TSR Centralized • Reuse (NPG 29) • Unconditional Relay • Conditional – Contention – Voice (NPG 12) • Repromulgation Relay • TSR Non Centralized(NPG 7) • Contention Access (NPG 9,10,11,18,19,20) • RTT-B (NPG 3) • NETE • Voice TS • Voice Relay 70 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Dedicated • Dedicated Category is divided in 3x Columns – Dedicated TS • Value listed is the all the Slot Group Packing with Dedicated access (D) listed in the Connectivity Matrix – TSR Centralized • Value listed is the all the Slot Group with TSR Centralized access listed in the Connectivity Matrix – Reuse • Value listed is the all the Slot Group Packing with Reuse (R) listed in the Connectivity 71 Matrix UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Voice • The voice TSDF contribution is added to the overall geographic area TSDF calculation. It is based on the number of voice nets in use and how many participants are in each net. Voice relay is added as well. Voice and Voice is added only if used and if the platform is capable. – For up to 12 voice participants, it stays the same (1) – Between 13 and 20, you multiply by 2; and – More than 20 platforms you multiply by 3. 72 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Relay • The Relay TSDF contribution is added to the TSDF calculation. It is based on the conditional and unconditional relay. It is added only if used. 73 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Contention • Contention Access is defined by the Contention Access mode. Most of the NDD will have a table associated showing the mode list with the update rate. Modes will be listed from 0 to 15. In the TSDF report, it is divided in 5x columns, mainly Contention Access and TSR Non-Centralized 74 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Contention Access • The Contention TSDF contribution is added to the TSDF calculation. It is divided in 3 Columns – Contention – RTT – NETE 75 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSR De-Centralized • TSR Pool listed in the connectivity Matrix is displayed as well in the TSDF report. The main difference is that each platform will not display the entire TSR pool, but only 60% of it, as it is the limit a single platform can use the pool. – Access Mode 17 & 18 on NPG 7 76 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized TSDF Sheets • Each column is built and correspond to the NPG and Pulse Packing structure in the connectivity matrix. – For example, TSR Non Centralized value listed is based on 60% of the total TSR pool used for NPG7, which is the highest TSR pulses a single unit can use in a pool. • All values for the TSDF sheet are based on the connectivity matrix and the values associated to each NPG and their access mode and packing structure. 77 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF Dedicated access (Dedicated + (TSR Centralized) + Reuse) Single Unit TSDF (in Pulses) Relay (if used) Voice 49728 pulses per channel + Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) TSR Non-Centralized (C2 Unit) (value listed is default max 60% of TSR Pool) Single Unit TSDF in % Contention (Contention Access +RTT + NETE) 78 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF • As an example, let’s use USFO0027A TSDF Report Sheet and let’s use E3(1) with relay and 1x Voice Channel. • Open USFO0027A NDD TSDF Sheet and follow along. 79 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF E-3(1) Dedicated access (Dedicated + TSR Centralized + Reuse) Relay (if used) Voice 49728 pulses per channel + Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) TSR Non-Centralized (C2 Unit) (value listed is default max 60% of TSR Pool) Contention (Contention Access +RTT + NETE) 258+0+7992 8250 Single Unit TSDF 184,793 (in Pulses) 115224 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) 49728 46.63% 8525 2664+144+258 3066 80 UNCLASSIFIED Single Unit TSDF in % UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF • Let’s do it again with the Fighter MR(1) using 1x Voice Channel 81 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF Fighter_MR(1) Dedicated access (Dedicated + TSR Centralized + Reuse) Relay (if used) Voice 49728 pulses per channel + Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) TSR Non-Centralized (C2 Unit) (value listed is default max 60% of TSR Pool) Contention (Contention Access +RTT + NETE) 0+0+2664 2664 Single Unit TSDF 80982 (in Pulses) 0 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) 49728 20.43% 0 28188+144+258 28590 82 UNCLASSIFIED Single Unit TSDF in % UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Total TSDF • Total TSDF is calculated quite differently than Single TSDF and involves more steps. 83 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Total TSDF Dedicated access Sum of all platforms (Dedicated + TSR Centralized) Reuse Highest single Value of all platforms Total TSDF (in Pulses) Unconditional Relay (if used) Voice (if used) Whichever is the highest: (49728 pulses per channel used) or (49728 pulses if less 12 platforms on same channel) or (99456 pulses if less than 20 platforms on same channel) (149184 pulses if 20 platforms or more on same channel) TSR Non-Centralized If only one unit using Pool, use single value listed If more than one unit using TSR Non-Centralized, use TSR Pool - To calculate pool: 1x unit value / 60 x 100 Contention (Contention Access + RTT + NETE) Multiply Platform Value per assets, then Sum all platforms using Contention Access. - To a Maximum of 99072 pulses (25%), 84 or 130775 pulses (33%) if only used by fast moving aircrafts UNCLASSIFIED 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) Total TSDF in % UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Total TSDF • As an example, let’s use USFO0027A TSDF Report Sheet and let’s use the following platforms: – 1x E3(1) – 4x Fighter_MR(1) – 1x Ship(1) • 1x Voice Channel, No Relay 85 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Total TSDF Dedicated access Sum of all platforms (Dedicated + TSR Centralized) 258+258 516 Reuse Highest single Value of all platforms Choose 7992 or 2664 or 9768 9768 Unconditional Relay (if used) No relay 0 Voice (if used) Whichever is the highest: (49728 pulses per channel used) or (49728 pulses if less 12 platforms on same channel) or (99456 pulses if less than 20 platforms on same channel) (149184 pulses if 20 platforms or more on same channel) 1x Voice Channel Less than 12 units 49728 TSR Non-Centralized If only one unit using Pool, use single value listed If more than one unit using TSR Non-Centralized, use TSR Pool = To calculate pool: 1x unit value / 60 x 100 1x Unit using TSR pool 8525 Contention (Contention Access + RTT + NETE) Multiply Platform Value per assets, then Sum all platforms using Contention Access. - To a Maximum of 99072 pulses (25%), or 130775 pulses (33%) if only used by fast moving aircrafts (2664+144+258) (E3) 4x(28188+258+144) (Ftr) (2664+144+258) (Ship) 120,492 (Less than 33%) 86 UNCLASSIFIED 189,029 Total TSDF (in Pulses) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) Total TSDF in % 49.69% UNCLASSIFIED Modernized TSDF • Now that we have the total TSDF, we need to calculate the single TSDF for each platform and get the highest value. 87 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF Dedicated access (Dedicated + TSR Centralized + Reuse) Single Unit TSDF (in Pulses) Relay (if used) Voice 49728 pulses per channel + Voice Relay (double Voice pulses) (if used) 396288 pulses (100% TSDF) TSR Non-Centralized (C2 Unit) (value listed is default max 60% of TSR Pool) Single Unit TSDF in % Contention (Contention Access + RTT + NETE) 88 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized TSDF • The Highest single TSDF for the assets listed was the Fighter at 20.33% • With the Total, the TSDF for the Network would be 49.69% / 20.33% 89 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized Single TSDF • We will do more exercise in further slides to practice TSDF Calculations 90 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF Deconfliction Process • Step #1 Calculate TSDF – Single Unit TSDF – Total Area/Network TSDF • Step #2 Server Deconfliction – Area excess – Adjacent area overlaps 91 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Modernized TSDF • MAX total TSDF for a 200nm area is 396288 pulses.(100%) This can be waived by Nav Canada to a maximum of 400%. • Waiver process is simple (email) and need to be requested at least 30 days prior activity. This is submitted to the region/element OPI, which in turn submit the waiver to DFSM, then get sent to Nav Canada. • Waiver for activity in the US (LPDS) goes to Nav Canada. They will make the coordination with the FAA and seek approval. 92 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Regional Frequency Clearance Authorities • Within Canada, Frequency Clearance Authorities are divided into Regions that correspond to the primary Link 16 operating areas • They are also roughly grouped by JTF regions • Each regional coordinator is responsible for inputting Frequency Clearance Requests (FCRs) into the Joint Deconfliction Server – – – – This can be delegated to the units. For JTFA; MARLANT MRICO is OPI, For JTFP; MARPAC MRICO is OPI, For NORAD, JTFN, JTFW, JTFC and FOIE; 1 CAD RICO is OPI. 93 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Regional FC Process • Units operating Link 16 Radios are responsible for submitting a FCR to their Regional Authority • National policy states FCRs are to be submitted NLT 30 days prior to operations • Local policies may be less restrictive – ie. 1 week or 2-3 days 94 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED US JDS/LPDS Overview • Since 1997, used to track TSDF levels within US&P • A real-time military database that tracks Link 16 usage around US&P • Automatically calculates Link 16 saturation levels and facilitates compliance with established safety levels • Operates under authority of CJCSI 6232.01 95 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED JDS/LPDS Overview 96 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Deconfliction Process 1. 2. 3. 4. Operation anticipated for unit Unit calculates TSDF Input info into LPDS for analysis LPDS analyzes, and reports whether there is available TSDF or not 97 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED LPDS • Inputting info into the LPDS – The unit logs in to the server – Chooses a pre-defined location JOA or Single Point – Chooses start date/end date • Do not mass book an area.(no 7 days booking) – Server checks and reports current usage levels, as well as available TSDF – Unit inputs the information for their operation • All total, it takes about 3 minutes to input an event 98 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Summary • Link 16 has the potential to cause harmful interference; deconflicting events and operations in peacetime will help prevent this interference • TSDF is a measure of pulse density – Calculated from the NDD, – MIDS deconfliction server. • All JTIDS/MIDS use is logged into a common data base, the JDS – Entries are made by define areas – Two area types: single point and JOA – All areas deconflicted 100nm from their perimeter 99 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Review • • • • • What is the definition of Deconfliction? What document serves as the authority for JTIDS/MIDS pulse deconfliction? How many pulses in 12 seconds is 100% TSDF? What document is used to extract individual platform TSDFs? If calculation is over 100% TSDF in a JOA, are you 100% out of luck for operating JTIDS/MIDS in that area? If not, what can you do? 100 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED TSDF Calculators • In conclusion, Multiple TSDF calculator programs and excel spreadsheets exist to make your life easier. Make sure you are using calculators that are accurate. Wait, You guys had a calculator this entire time? 101 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Surveillance Option Pools • Requestors of a network design may require the flexibility to reallocate time slots. • Option pools are a set number of time slots for various NPGs that can be divided amongst multiple units. 102 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Surveillance Option Pools • Platforms share the same option pool number 103 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Surveillance Option Pools • Each platform must have a different sequence number. 104 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Surveillance Option Pools • Track capacity for each platform is based on how many units are in the pool and which option and sequence number is selected. 105 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Surveillance Option Pools • Strict adherence to option pools is required. • Option pools are set by the network and cannot be changed without modifying the network design. • Each option and sequence number is set by the individual load file. 106 UNCLASSIFIED

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