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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION REGION III Schools Division of Cabanatuan City Maharlika Highway, Cabanatuan City Use conditionals in Expressing Arguments...

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION REGION III Schools Division of Cabanatuan City Maharlika Highway, Cabanatuan City Use conditionals in Expressing Arguments ENGLISH Writer: Elizabeth A. Niebres Teacher III, Marciano del Rosario Memorial National High School LEARNING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SECTION Project EL AR: Enhance Learning thru Adequate Resources 9  GUIDE FOR THE LEARNER, PARENTS, GUARDIANS AND LEARNING FACILITATOR To You, Learner: Welcome to English 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on the Use of Conditionals in Ex- pressing Arguments.This module was made to give you with fun and meaningful time for guided and independent learning at your convenience. You will be able to process the contents of this Module while being an active learner. To You, Parent/s, Guardian/s and Learning Facilitator/s: This Module was collaboratively developed and reviewed by the teachers, school heads and supervisors of Dep.Ed Division of Cabanatuan City to assist you in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their differ- ent constraints in schooling. As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while al- lowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encour- age and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. This Module is about the use of conditionals in expressing arguments. It provides definition , usage, and activities about the four types of conditionals. 2  OBJECTIVES 1. Define conditionals; 2. Distinguish types of conditionals; and 3. Use conditionals in expressing arguments. COMPETENCY Use conditionals in expressing arguments EN9G-IIf:20 3  WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW? Complete the following conditional sentences by choosing the correct answers below: 1. Peter ________to Paris with us if he’d had time. A. would have gone B. would go 2. If Sarah _______ that her colleagues were going to be so difficult, she would never have taken the job. A. had known B. knew 3. When we were children, we ________ the weekends at my grandmother’s. A. used to spend B. spend 4. I used to hate it when our teachers _________ sarcastic to us in class. A. were B. had been 5. If I __________ the chance, I would have gone to live in Tuscany. A. had B. had had 6. When Peter moved to another city, I __________ with him. A. should go B. should have gone 7. Anne _____________ you if you had asked her. A. might help B. might have helped 8. If I __________a higher salary, I probably would have stayed with the company. A. had been offered B. were offered. 9. If I had more time, I ___________ more. A. would exercise B. exercise 10. If I’m tired, I ___________ to bed early. A. go B. went 4  WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW Presentation of the Lesson/Topic: Making conditional sentences is an everyday part of our language, and introducing them to your English conversation can really improve your level of communication. There are four conditionals in total and you will learn to use them gradually, obviously starting with the most basic ones – the zero and first conditional. To have a general idea of how all the conditionals work, take a look at this overview so you can start to get an idea of what they are and when we use them. What is a Conditional Sentence? A conditional sentence is based on the word ‘if’. There are always two parts to a con- ditional sentence – one part beginning with ‘if’ to describe a possible situation, and the second part which describes the consequence. For example: If it rains, we’ll get wet. We can also invert the two parts of a conditional sentence so that the ‘if’ part comes second, and this is especially common in questions. For example: What will you do if you miss the train? How can you finish the project if you don’t have a computer? What happens if the students don’t pass an exam? There are four types of conditional sentences: 5  WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW It is also possible to mix the second and third conditional. Let’s look at each condition- al to see how we use them. The Zero Conditional We use the zero conditional to talk about permanent truths, such as scientific facts, and general habits. The structure is simple: Here are some examples: 1. If you heat water to 100°, it boils. 2. If you eat a lot, you put on weight. 3. If it doesn’t rain for a long time, the earth gets very dry. The First Conditional We use the first conditional to talk about a realistic situation in the present or future. The structure of the first conditional is as follows: Here are some examples: 1. If you’re free later, we can go for a walk. 2. If they’re hungry, I’ll make some sandwiches. 3. If you’re not back by 5pm, give me a ring. Another way to make first conditional sentences is to use ‘unless’ which means ‘only if’ or ‘except’. As with ‘if’, the word ‘unless’ can never be followed by ‘will’ but only by the present simple. For example: 1. Unless you hurry up, you won’t catch the bus. 2. I’ll carry on doing this work, unless my boss tells me to do something else. 3. We’ll stay at home unless the weather improves. 6  WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW The Second Conditional We use the second conditional to talk about improbable or impossible situations in the present or future. Here is the structure: For example: 1. If I had more time, I’d exercise more. (But I don’t have more time so I don’t.) 2. If I were rich, I’d spend all my time travelling. (But I’m not rich so I can’t.) 3. If she saw a snake, she’d be terrified. The Third Conditional We use the third conditional to talk about impossible situations, as in the second con- ditional, in the past. We often use the third conditional to describe regrets. The struc- ture is: Here are some examples: 1.If we had left earlier, we would have arrived on time. 2.If you hadn’t forgotten her birthday, she wouldn’t have been upset. 3.If they had booked earlier, they could have found better seats. 7  WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED? Complete the following conditional sentences by choosing the correct tenses of the verb: 1. If he ________hard, he’ll do well in the exam. A. study B. studies 2. If we ________late, we must get a taxi.. A. arrived B. arrive 3. He’ll call if he ________ help. A. needs B. needed 4. ________a break if you’re tired. A. Take B. Took 5. f he ________work late, he could go out with his girlfriend. A. did not have to B. does 6. What would you do if you ________ offered a job in Canada? A. are B. were 7. You wouldn’t have to walk everywhere if you ________a bike. A. will buy B. bought 8. If I hadn’t _______English, I wouldn’t have got this job. A. learns B. learnt 9. They wouldn’t ________ you if you hadn’t had some experience abroad. A. has hires B. have hired 10. You ________me if you’d stayed later. A. could have helped B. can help 8  ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 1 Finish the conditional sentence by choosing the correct option: 1. If you'd told me you were coming_______________. A.I can get some food in. B. I'd have found us something to eat. C.I made a lovely dish. 2. If you're too ill to come _______________. A. I'll come over and see you. C. I asked someone else. 3. If I'd known you weren't coming _______________. A. perhaps you'd have the courtesy to tell me. B. we'd never have met. C. you'd be so lucky 4. If you're not coming _______________. A. I'll be the happiest girl alive. B. I'd have had a lovely time. C. I would look forward to it. 5. If you really don't want to come _______________. A. Ill understand B. I cant be sure C. Tell me tomorrow 9  ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 2 Match the statements in Column A with the appropriate conditionals in Column B. Column A Column B ___1. If we go out with friends, A. if you hadn’t had some experience ___2. If I’m tired, abroad. ___3. If he didn’t have to work late, B. I wouldn’t have got this job. ___4. If I hadn’t learnt English, C. he could go out with his girlfriend. ___5.They wouldn’t have hired you D. I go to bed early. E. we normally go to a restaurant. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 3 Below are the four important social and environmental issues today. We all know for a fact that in one way or another , these issues do not only benefit people , but also bring harm to others. What is your stand in each of the il- lustrated issues below? Use all the four types of conditionals in presenting your arguments: Mining Covid-19 Pandemic _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Oil Exploration Quarrying _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ 10  ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY 4 Choose the correct letter of the features of the 4 conditionals in the box and fill out the semantic web below: A. realistic situation G. 0-5% possibility B. Use in present and future form H. Would/could +verb is used C. Would and except are used I. improbable or impossible situations D. Scientific facts J. impossible situations in the past E. Permanent truth K. It describes regrets F. General habits L. Its structure is 0 % possibility and 100% 1. Zero Conditional ___________________ ____________________ ____________________ First Conditional 2. ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ 3. Second Conditional ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ 4 Third Conditional ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ 11  12 What Do You Already Know? What Have You Learned? 1.A 1.B 2.A 2.B 3.A 3.A 4.A 4.A 5.B 5.A 6.B 6.B 7.B 7.B 8.A 8.B 9.B 9.B 10.A 10.A Enrichment Activity Number 1 Enrichment Activity Number 2 1.B 1.E 2.A 2.D 3.B 3.C 4.C 4.B 5.A 5.A Enrichment Activity Number 3 Enrichment Activity Number 4 Answers will be checked by the Teacher. 1.D E F 2.A B C 3.G H I 4.J K L ANWER KEYS  REFERENCES Books Liza Almonte, Adelle Chua Soliaban,Lerma Flandez, Nedia Lagustan, Henone de-Paz- Langutan,Dreamrose Malayo, Libert Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Lito Palomar, and Grace Annette Barradas-Soriano., A Journey through Anglo-American Literature (Learner’s Material for English) :Pasig City Philippines 1600:Department of Education- Instructional Materials Council Secretariat( DepEd-IMCS) ,First Edition 2014, pp. 192 Journals or Magazines Author Surname, First Name. "Article Title." Journal or Magazine Title Volume, no. Issue (Year): Page range of article. DOI OR URL of journal article web page OR Name of database Author Surname, First Name. "Article Title." Journal or Magazine Title Volume, no. Issue (Year): Page range of article. DOI OR URL of journal article web page OR Name of database Online Sources Milne, Mary “How to use conditionals in English: zero, first, second, third and mixed.” Published on: 27/06/2018 Last Modified on: 08/11/2019 https://www.wallstreetenglish.com/blog/how-to-use-conditionals-in-english-zero-first-second- third-and-mixed/ Royalty-Free Pictures and Illustrations https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%C3%BDl:Strip_coal_mining.jpg- June 2, 2020 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform- oil June 2, 2020 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_barangays_in_Sorsogon_City -June 2, 2020 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ospital_ng_Sampaloc_COVID-19_3.jpg-covid June 2, 2020 https://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/stonebrink/ ESL040/4_types_of_conditionals.htmlJune 2, 2020 13  Use Conditionals in Expressing Arguments The 4 Types of Conditionals Conditional sentences have two clauses: a condition (if...) and a result. The verb tenses used in each clause depends on whether the speaker thinks the result is proba- ble (real) or only exists in the imagination (unreal). DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Region 3 Division of Cabanatuan City Curriculum Implementation Division (CID) Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS) This self-learning module (SLM) is developed by the SDO Cabanatuan City CID-LRMDS Team under Project EL AR: Enhanced Learning thru Adequate Resources. Cover and page elements illustrations by Jan Carl B. Briones Project EL AR logo by Gemmarie G. Rivas