English Lesson PDF

Lesson 1: Introductions and Basic Interactions 1. Warm-Up Activity 1.1 Instructions: Walk around the room, ask your classmates questions from the worksheet, and write their names next to each statement if they match. “Find Someone Who” 1 1.2 Watch this short video abou...

Lesson 1: Introductions and Basic Interactions 1. Warm-Up Activity 1.1 Instructions: Walk around the room, ask your classmates questions from the worksheet, and write their names next to each statement if they match. “Find Someone Who” 1 1.2 Watch this short video about self introduction. Then, answer the questions that follow. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58s7yEkvrzo 1. Where is Mr. Moretti from? A) France B) Italy’ C) Tokyo 2. Who is the receptionist at the travel agency? A) Cheryl B) Marie C) Bob 3. What is Marie’s city of origin? A) Tokyo B) Paris’ C) Rome 4. What is Bob’s role at the travel 8. What does Mr. Moretti say agency? about himself at the end of A) Office manager the dialogue? B) Travel agent’ A) He is a travel agent C) Tour guide B) He is a singer’ 5. What does Mr. Moretti prefer to C) He is an office manager be called? 9. What does Cheryl say to Mr. A) Georgio’ Moretti? B) Giorgio A) “Nice to meet you, Bob.” C) Mr. Moretti B) “Hello, Mr. Moretti.” ‘ 6. Who is introduced as the office C) “Goodbye, Mr. Moretti.” manager? 10. What is the main focus of the A) Marie dialogue? B) Cheryl’ A) A travel itinerary C) Bob B) Introductions and basic 7. How does Bob introduce interactions’ himself to Mr. Moretti? C) Job responsibilities A) As Roberto’ B) As Bob C) As Georgio 2 2. Words and Expressions 2.1 Structure for Introducing Yourself 1. Greeting ◆ Hi/Hello ◆ Good morning/afternoon/evening 2. State Your Name ◆ My name is [Your Name]. ◆ I’m [Your Name]. 3. Mention Your ◆ I work as a [Job Title] at Position or Role [Company/Organization]. ◆ I’m a [Job Title] with [Company/Organization]. 4. Provide Additional ◆ I’m here for [Purpose/Reason]. Information ◆ I’ve been working in [Field/Industry] (optional, for [Number] years. depending on ◆ I recently moved to [Location]. context) 5. Express Pleasure in ◆ It’s a pleasure to meet you. Meeting the Other ◆ Nice to meet you. Person 6. Offer a ◆ I’m looking forward to discussing Conversation [Topic]. Starter (optional) ◆ I’d love to hear more about [Topic]. 2.3. Activity Now, try to introduce yourself to the group using the words and expressions above. 3  3. Structure for Introducing Other People ◆ Hello/Hi 1. Greeting ◆ Good morning/afternoon/evening ◆ I’d like you to meet... 2. State Your ◆ Allow me to introduce... Relationship ◆ This is [Name]. 3. Introduce the ◆ Meet [Name]. Person ◆ [Name] is [Job Title/Role] at 4. Provide Relevant [Company/Organization]. Information ◆ [Name] is from [Location/Company]. (optional but ◆ [Name] works in [Department/Field]. recommended for ◆ [Name] is a [Personal Detail/Interest, context) if appropriate]. ◆ [Name], this is [Other Person’s 5. Facilitate the Name]. Conversation ◆ [Other Person’s Name], this is [Name]. ◆ I think you two will have a lot to talk about. ◆ I’m sure you’ll enjoy getting to know 6. Express Positive each other. Anticipation ◆ I hope you both find common (optional) interests. 3.1 Activity Now, try to introduce someone to the group using the words and expressions above. 4 4 Asking for Language Help Prompt Questions - Have you ever needed help with understanding English? What happened? - How do you usually ask for help when you’re learning a new language? - What do you think will happen if you cannot understand the language in an important situation, such as at work or while traveling? 4.1 Vocabulary and Phrases 1. “Can you help me with…?” 2. “I don’t understand this word/phrase.” 3. “Could you explain that, please?” 4. “How do you say this in English?” 5. “I’m not sure about the grammar here.” 6. “Could you repeat that, please?” 7. “Can you give me an example?” 4.2 Activity Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks with the phrases provided below to complete the conversation. Alex: “Hi Jordan, (1) _________________ something?” Jordan: “Sure, what do you need help with?” Alex: “I (2) _________________ this word ‘convoluted’. (3)_________________?” Jordan: “‘Convoluted’ means something very complicated. It’s hard to understand.” 5 Alex: “Thanks! Also, (4)_________________ in this sentence: ‘The solution was easily implemented due to its’ efficiency.’ Is that right?” Jordan: “It should be: ‘The solution was easily implemented due to its efficiency.’ Just remove the extra ‘its’.” Alex: “Okay. And (5)_________________ ‘Perder tiempo’ in English?” Jordan: “It means ‘waste time.’” Alex: “Got it. (6)_________________ the sentence about the report?” Jordan: “Sure! ‘The solution was easily implemented due to its efficiency.’” Alex: “Thanks! (7)_________________ sentence for ‘convoluted’?” Jordan: “Sure! You can say, ‘The instructions were convoluted, so no one understood them.’” Alex: “Thanks a lot, Jordan!” Jordan: “You’re welcome, Alex! Let me know if you need more help.” “Can you help me with” “Could you repeat ?” “don’t understand this word/phrase” “How do you say ” “Could you explain that, please?” “Can you give me an example” “I’m not sure about the grammar here” 5. Starting and Ending Casual Conversations Starting the Conversation: 1.Greeting and Icebreaker: 6  ○ "Hi , how's it going?" ○ "Hey there! How’s your day been so far?" 2. Comment on the Environment: ○ "It’s such a nice day outside. Have you had a chance to enjoy the weather?" During the Conversation: 3. Show Interest and Engage: ○ "That sounds interesting. Can you tell me more about it?" ○ "Really? I didn’t know that. What happened next?" 4. Share Your Own Experience: ○ "I had a similar experience last week. Here’s what happened…" ○ "I’ve been working on something similar. It’s been quite a challenge, but I’m making progress." Ending the Conversation: 5. Transition to Wrapping Up: ○ "I don’t want to keep you from your work. Let’s catch up later?" ○ "I see you’re busy. I’ll let you get back to it." 6. Express Appreciation: ○ "It was great talking to you. Thanks for the chat!" ○ "I enjoyed our conversation. Have a good rest of your day!" 6. Final Task Create groups of 3 or 4 members each. Develop a scenario where someone introduces themselves. Make sure to include introducing others in the dialogue as well. Use the vocabulary and expressions from this material to create a dialogue that incorporates the elements of starting, engaging in, and ending the conversation. 7 Lesson 2: Family, Routines, Numbers, and Instructions 1. Warm-Up Activity “Two Truths and a Lie” Instructions: 1. Each student thinks of three statements about themselves: two truths and one lie. 2. Students share their statements with a partner or small group. 3. The others guess which statement is the lie. 2. Talking About Self and Family 2.1 Vocabulary and Expressions Family Members Descriptive Adjectives Immediate Family: Positive Traits: Mother Kind Father Funny Brother Hardworking Sister Friendly Supportive Extended Family: Caring Spouse (Husband/Wife) Neutral Traits: Child (Son/Daughter) Grandparent (Grandmother/Grandfather) Busy Cousin Quiet Aunt Organized Uncle Reserved 8 Basic Introductions: “This is my [family member].” “I’d like you to meet my [family member].” “Let me introduce you to my [family member].” Describing Family Members: “My [family member] is [adjective].” “My [family member] works as a [job].” “My [family member] likes to [activity].” Talking About Family Size: “I have [number] siblings.” “There are [number] people in my family.” “I come from a large/small family.” Discussing Family Activities: “We like to [activity] together.” “On weekends, we often [activity].” “We enjoy [activity] as a family.” 2.2. Activity Introduce your family members using the vocabulary and expressions learned above. Here's an example: “Hi, I’m Emily. This is my father, John. He is very hardworking. I also have a brother and a sister. My brother is 25 years old and works as an engineer, and my sister is 22 and is studying at university.” 9 3. Describing Daily Routines Daily Activities Vocabulary Descriptive Expressions Common Activities: Describing Frequency: Wake up “I always [activity].” Have breakfast “I usually [activity].” Go to work/school Have lunch “I sometimes [activity].” Exercise “I rarely [activity].” Cook dinner Watch TV “I never [activity].” Go to bed Time Expressions: Talking About Duration: In the morning At [time] (e.g., at 7 a.m.) “It takes me [time] to [activity].” After [activity] Before [activity] “I spend [amount of time] In the afternoon/evening [activity].” Every day Usually Sometimes Rarely Here’s an example of how to describe a daily routine. To make your description clear and engaging, use transition words to connect different parts of your day. “My daily routine starts when I wake up at 6 a.m. I always have breakfast at 7 a.m. After breakfast, I go to work. It takes me about 30 minutes to get to the office. In the afternoon, I have lunch at 12:30 p.m. I usually spend 1 hour on lunch. In the evening, I exercise for 45 minutes. I cook dinner at 7 p.m. and watch TV before I go to bed at 10 p.m.” 10 3.1. Activity Your teacher will cut out strips of paper with questions about daily routines written on them. These strips will be placed in a box. Each student will take turns picking a question from the box and then answering it. 1. What time do you normally wake up in the morning? Do you get up immediately? 2. What time do you normally go to bed? 3. How long does it take you to get ready in the morning? 4. How long does it take you to get to school/work? 5. How do you travel to school/work? 6. How many times do you stop for a break during the day? 7. Do you prefer to have breakfast at home or in a bar/café? 8. What do you normally have for breakfast? 9. Do you prefer cooking or doing the washing-up? 10. Where do you normally have lunch? 11. What do you normally have for lunch? 12. What time do you normally get home? 13. What do you do in your free time in the evenings? 14. Do you normally go to bed before your partner/family? 15. Is your routine different at the weekend? 3.1.2. Activity Describe your daily routine. To make your description clear and engaging, use transition words to connect different parts of your day (Please see the example above). Share it to the class afterwards. *Note: The teacher or your classmates may ask some follow up questions. 11 4. Numbers in Daily Life 4.1 Shopping Vocabulary: Expressions: Price "How much is this item?" Cost "Is there a discount on this Discount product?" Total "Can I get a receipt, please?" Change "What is the total amount Receipt due?" "I would like to pay with cash/credit card." Pearl: Hi Carla! I’m looking at this jacket. How much is this item? Carla: The jacket costs $75. Pearl: Is there a discount on this product? Carla: Yes, there’s a 15% discount today. Pearl: Great! What is the total amount due after the discount? Carla: Let me calculate that for you. The total comes to $63.75 after the discount. Pearl: Can I get a receipt, please? Carla: Of course. Here’s your receipt. Pearl: Thank you. I would like to pay with cash. Carla: All right. Here’s your change, $16.25. Pearl: Thanks! Carla: You’re welcome! 12 4.2 Time and Appointments Vocabulary: Expressions: Hour "What time is your Minute appointment?" Second "Can we reschedule for a later time?" Appointment "How long will the meeting Schedule last?" O’clock "I’ll be there at [time]." "Is your schedule flexible?" Kevin: Hi Jean, what time is your appointment today? Jean: My appointment is at 10 o’clock. Kevin: How long will the meeting last? Jean: It should last about an hour. Kevin: Can we reschedule for a later time? I have a task that might take a few minutes longer. Jean: Is your schedule flexible? Kevin: Yes, I’m free after 11:30 a.m. Would that work for you? Jean: That works for me. I’ll see you at 11:30 then. Kevin: Great! I’ll be there at 11:30. 13 4.2 Age and Dates Vocabulary: Expressions: Age "How old are you?" Year "When is your birthday?" Birthday "What’s the date today?" Date "I was born in [year]." "My age is [number]." Maria: Hi Jovy! I was just thinking about birthdays. How old are you? Jovy: Hi Maria! I’m 28 years old. Maria: Oh, nice! When is your birthday? Jovy: My birthday is on April 15th. How about you? Maria: My birthday is on October 22nd. I’ll be 30 this year. Jovy: Wow, 30! That sounds like a big milestone. What’s the date today, by the way? Maria: Today’s date is August 16th. Jovy: That means your birthday is coming up soon! Are you planning anything special? Maria: Not yet. I’m still thinking about it. I was born in 1993, so I’ll be turning 30 in a couple of months. Jovy: That’s exciting! I hope you have a fantastic celebration. It’s always nice to celebrate milestones. Maria: Thank you, Jovy! I’m looking forward to it. Jovy: Me too. It’s fun to share these moments and plan for them. 14 4.3 Phone Numbers and Addresses Vocabulary: Expressions: Phone number "Can I have your phone Address number?" Street "What’s your address?" Apartment "Which street do you live on?" Zip code "What is your zip code?" "I live in apartment [number]." Ariane: Hi Chanty, can I have your phone number? I’d like to stay in touch. Chanty: Sure, it’s 555-1234. Ariane: Thanks! By the way, what’s your address? Chanty: My address is 456 Maple Street. Ariane: Which street do you live on? Chanty: I live on Maple Street. Ariane: And what is your zip code? Chanty: My zip code is 90210. Ariane: Got it. I also wanted to ask, what apartment do you live in? Chanty: I live in apartment 7B. Ariane: Great, thanks for all the details! Chanty: No problem, Ariane! Let’s catch up soon. 15 4.4 Exercise Read the dialogue between Liam and Sarah that includes various details about shopping, appointments, and personal information. Your task is to fill in the blanks with the appropriate information based on the context provided in the dialogue. Choose the answer below. Liam: Hey Sarah, what time is your ____ today? Sarah: Hi Liam! My appointment is at ____ (time). Liam: Great. I was thinking of shopping for a new jacket. _______ is this one? Sarah: The jacket ____ $75. Liam: Is there a _________on this jacket today? Sarah: Yes, there’s a 25% discount. Liam: Awesome! Can I get a ____ for that? Sarah: Sure, I'll get that for you. Also, can I have your ____ in case I need to reach you? Liam: Of course. My ____ is -. Sarah: Thanks! And what’s your ____ , just in case I need to send you something? Liam: My address is at 123 Elm Street, Apartment 45. Sarah: Got it. And what’s your ____? Liam: My zip code is 54321. Sarah: Thanks for the information. I’ll see you at 4:00 PM for our meeting. Liam: Sounds good! Looking forward to it. appointment receipt address costs phone number apartment 3:00 p.m. 555-7890 zip code 16 Lesson 3: Past times, Hospitality, and Filling Forms 1. Warm-Up Activity 1. What are your favorite pastimes or hobbies? Why do you enjoy them? 2. What abilities or skills do you have that you’re proud of? 3. How have your interests changed over the years? 2. Vocabulary / Sentences Pastimes and Hobbies Hobby My favorite hobby is painting. Activity Gardening is a relaxing activity. Interest She has a strong interest in traveling. Sport Playing basketball is a popular sport. Music I love listening to classical music. Reading Reading books helps me relax. Gardening Gardening can be a fun way to spend the weekend. Cooking He enjoys cooking new recipes on Sundays. Traveling Traveling to new places is exciting. Painting Painting landscapes is a peaceful hobby. Abilities and Skills Skill She has a unique skill in playing the guitar. Ability His ability to solve problems quickly is impressive. Good at I am good at speaking Spanish. Talented She is talented at drawing portraits. Experienced He is an experienced chef in French cuisine. Expert She is an expert in computer programming. Learn I want to learn how to play the piano. Practice Regular practice helps me get better at tennis. Improve I hope to improve my writing skills this year. 17 Likes and Preferences Like I like going to the beach on weekends. Enjoy She enjoys reading mystery novels. Prefer He prefers tea over coffee. Love They love hiking in the mountains. Dislike I dislike waiting in long lines. Hate She hates getting up early. Favorite My favorite season is autumn. Interests His interests include photography and cooking. Passion She has a passion for painting. 2.1. Activity Complete the following sentences with your own information. Once you have finished, be prepared to answer follow-up questions from the teacher or your classmates. 1. Hello, everyone. My name is ________. 2. My favorite hobby is _______. 3. I am good at _______. 4. I want to learn _________. 5. I love __________. 6. I dislike __________. 2.2 Activity Your teacher will cut out strips of paper with questions about daily routines written on them. These strips will be placed in a box. Each student will take turns picking a question from the box and then answering it. 18  What is your favorite hobby? What activities do you enjoy doing on weekends? Do you have any special interests? Which sport do you like to play? What kind of music do you love listening to? What hobby do you dislike? What skill are you most proud of? What abilities do you find useful in your daily life? What is something you are good at? Are you talented at any activities? What skills would you like to improve? Do you practice any specific skills regularly? What do you love doing in your free time? Do you prefer tea or coffee? Is there something you really dislike? What is your favorite season of the year? What kind of activities do you enjoy? Do you have any strong passions or interests? 19 3. At Home – Hospitality and Compliments In this lesson, you will practice conversation skills related to hospitality and giving/receiving compliments in a home setting. Hospitality: The friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests or visitors. "How do you usually prepare to welcome guests into your home? What do you do to make them feel comfortable?" Compliments: Polite expressions of praise or admiration given to someone, often about their appearance, behavior, or achievements. "What is the nicest compliment you have ever received about your home or cooking? How did it make you feel?" 3.1 Vocabulary Match the words with their definitions. 1. Beautiful A. Cooked thoroughly and properly 2. Lovely B. Pleasing and delightful 3. Delicious C. Tasty and enjoyable to eat 4. Impressive D. Graceful and sophisticated 5. Cozy E. Causing admiration or respect 6. Tasteful F. Warm and comfortable 7. Well-done G. Stylish and with good taste 8. Charming H. Very nice to look at; attractive 9. Elegant I. Appealing and encouraging people to enter or stay 10. Inviting J. Pleasant and appealing. 20 3.2 Expressions and Phrases Hospitality: Compliments: "Welcome to my home!" "Your home is beautiful!" "Please, make yourself at home." "The food you prepared is "Can I offer you something to delicious." drink?" "I love how cozy this room is." "Feel free to help yourself to some refreshments." "You have a lovely garden." "It’s so nice to have you as a "Your decorations are very guest." tasteful." "Let me know if you need "This is an impressive setup." anything." 3.2.1 Activity Write a compliment for each situation using the provided vocabulary words to describe the hospitality or aesthetics effectively. Here is one example. Situation: You are visiting a friend's new home for the first time. The living room is beautifully decorated and feels very warm and welcoming. Compliment: "Your home is so inviting and cozy. I love the tasteful decoration; it really makes the space feel elegant and charming." 1. Situation: You have just finished a meal at a friend's house. The food was exceptionally well-prepared and delicious. Compliment: ______________________________________________________ 2. Situation: You visit a relative’s home where they have carefully arranged their garden and living room. Everything is arranged and looks great. Compliment: ______________________________________________________ 21  3. Situation: You attend a colleague’s house for a work event, and they have put a lot of effort into making the evening special. Compliment: ______________________________________________________ 4. Situation: You visit a friend who is showing off their collection of paintings. The art is well-chosen and displayed with care. Compliment: ______________________________________________________ These are some of the common features in a Filipino house. Imagine you're a visitor. What compliments would you give them? Create your statements and share them in class. 22 4. Filling Out Official Records Forms 4.1. Warm-Up Activity Listen to the conversation between Ben and Ana, then answer the questions that follow. https://www.eslfast.com/easydialogs/ec/dai lylife050.htm 1. What does "MI" stand for according to Ana? 2. How should Ben write his birth date on the form? 3. What advice does Ana give about filling out the form? 4. Why is it important to clearly understand the instructions and terms on a form before completing it? 5. What strategies can you use to ensure that you fill out a form correctly and avoid common mistakes? 4.2. Vocabulary Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. Write the letter of the definition next to the corresponding word. 1. Surname A. To officially sign up or record your information for something. 2. Middle Initial B. Your current relationship status, such as single, 3. Gender married, or divorced. C. The part of your name that comes after your first 4. Marital Status name, often called the last name. D. A way to write dates using numbers for month, 5. Divorced day, and year. 6. Nationality E. The letter represents the name that is between your first name and surname. 7. Identification Card F. The category of being male or female. G. The legal status of having ended a marriage. 8. Signature H. The country you belong to or where you are a 9. MM/DD/YY citizen. I. The way you write your name to show that you 10. Register agree or approve. J. A card that shows who you are, like a driver’s license or ID card. 23 4.3 Activity Please complete the registration forms below by filling in all the required fields. If you do not have specific information, you can create any details to fill out the form. 24 25 Lesson 4: JICA Assignments, People and Objects 1. Identifying Jobs and Workplace Tools 1.2. Warm-Up Activity Write the names of the jobs on the left side and the names of the tools on the right side, then draw a line to connect each job to the correct tool. 26 1.3. Follow-Up Questions 1. What is one tool you use at work? What do you use it for? 2. Can you describe a specific task you do at work? What steps do you take to complete it? 3. If you could choose a new tool for your job, what would it be? How would it help you? 2. Describing JICA Roles and Activities 2.1 Who We Are JICA, the Japan International Cooperation Agency, is a Japanese government organization that helps developing countries by providing financial aid, expertise, and support for projects that improve economic and social conditions. 2.2 What We Do JICA works on improving lives in developing countries by: 1. Funding and supporting projects to build infrastructure and enhance economic development. 2. Providing training and education to help people gain skills and knowledge. 3. Offering technical expertise in areas like healthcare, education, and disaster management. 4. Assisting with disaster relief and recovery to rebuild communities affected by natural disasters. 5. Promoting environmental sustainability through projects that protect and preserve natural resources. 27 2.3. Activity Look at the pictures, then write the corresponding number based on JICA’s roles and responsibilities. Refer to section 2.2 for your answers. Write your responses in the box at the bottom right of each picture. 28 3. Describing Things 3.1 Warm Up Think about a place or an object you use every day, like your house or your bag. Can you describe it to us? For example, what does your house look like? What is it made of? How is this thing useful? 3.1. Vocabulary and Expressions Adjectives: Phrases: big has many small new is made of old is located in clean useful is used for safe 3.2. Activity Think about a place or object related to your job that matches the descriptions below. Write the item in the space provided and share something about it with the class. Here is one example. Object/Place Adjectives Related to Share Something About It Your Job big “Classroom” “We use it to accommodate group class.” small new old clean useful safe 29  4. Describing People 4.1 Warm Up Choose one job on the pictures presented below, write five words to describe them and share it to the class. Public School Veterinarian Research School Principal Disaster Risk Teacher Scientist Reduction Job: _________________ Officer Words to describe them: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.2 Vocabulary Here’s a set of vocabulary words you can use to describe people. In the third column, create a sentence for each. 30 Category Vocabulary Sentence Personality Positive Traits: kind, friendly, patient, hardworking, smart Neutral/Other Traits: serious, quiet, shy, funny, careful Actions: listens, speaks, laughs, works, studies Appearance Height/Build: tall, short, medium height, strong, thin Hair: black hair, blonde hair, short hair, curly hair Other Features: glasses, beard, blue eyes, brown eyes Education and Height/Build: tall, short, Skills medium height, strong, thin Hair: black hair, blonde hair, short hair, curly hair Other Features: glasses, beard, blue eyes, brown eyes Professional Job Titles: teacher, nurse, Skills/Affiliations scientist, officer, farmer Workplace: school, hospital, office, farm, lab Actions: teaches, helps, researches, manages, grows Cultural Belongings Countries/Regions: Japan, Philippines, America, Europe, Asia Languages: English, Japanese, Tagalog, Spanish, French Traditions: festivals, holidays, food, clothing, music 4.3 Activity Read the sample description below about a person and interview one of your classmates about themselves. Write a description of them in the space provided below. 31  Example Description: She is an elementary school teacher from the Philippines who teaches English and mathematics. She is patient,friendly and dresses in smart casual attire. With a bachelor’s degree in Education, she excels in lesson planning,classroom management and uses educational technology. She incorporates Filipino culture into her teaching and uses English in international settings. Your description: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Lesson 5: JICA, Japan, Host Countries and Climates 1. Exchanging JICA Volunteer assignment information 1.1 Warm up 1. Have you ever done volunteer work? 2. What kinds of volunteer assignments are common in your country? 3. Why do people volunteer? 4. What words come to your mind if you see or hear the word volunteer? Write them below. Volunte 32  1.2 About JICA Volunteer Work Program JICA’s volunteer program is one of Japan’s technical cooperation schemes operated as part of its Official Development Assistance (ODA). The program dispatches eager Japanese citizens who wish to participate in assisting developing countries and also have the calls for assistance from their governments. Volunteers are generally dispatched for two years, in various fields from education, nursing to auto mechanics, IT and sports. 33  1.3 Vocabulary, Expressions and more Here are some details you need to tell or ask when exchanging volunteer assignment information. a. Country: (e.g., Philippines, Kenya, Vietnam) b. Assignment Title: (e.g., "Community Health Worker," "English Teacher," "Agricultural Advisor") c. Main Tasks: (e.g., "Conduct health workshops," "Teach English to high school students," "Train local farmers") d. Responsibilities: (e.g., "Ensure proper healthcare practices," "Develop lesson plans," "Implement sustainable farming techniques") e. Schedule: (e.g., "Monday to Friday, 9 AM - 4 PM") f. Challenges: (e.g., "Language barrier," "Limited resources," "Cultural differences") Sample Questions Sample statements What is your current My role involves… assignment? One of my main responsibilities is… What are your main tasks? I’m currently placed in… What responsibilities do you The biggest challenge I face is… have? We’re working on a project to… How is your schedule organized? Our goal is to achieve… What do you find most I’ve learned to adapt by… challenging? The beneficiaries of our work are... 34  1.4 Role Play Read the conversation below and practice exchanging volunteer information with a partner in your class using the sample questions/expressions presented above. Volunteer 1: What country are you assigned to? Volunteer 2: I'm assigned to the Philippines as an English Teacher in a rural school. I teach English to elementary students and help develop their language skills. Volunteer 1: That sounds rewarding! What challenges do you face? Volunteer 2: The biggest challenge is the lack of resources. It's difficult to find enough books and materials for all the students 2. Giving Basic Facts about Japan and other Countries 2.1 Warm up What do you know about Japan and the Philippines? Share it to the class. 35  2.2 Fill in the blanks Complete the sentences with the words in the box. sushi landmark climate Yen capital city flag geography Time Zone language population 1. The _______ of Japan is Tokyo, where the government is based. 2. The official _______ of Japan is Japanese. 3. Japan's _______ includes Mount Fuji and the Pacific Ocean. 4. A famous _______ in Japan is the Tokyo Tower. 5. In Japan, traditional dishes like _______ are an important part of the culture. 6. Japan has a _______ with four distinct seasons. 7. The _______ of Japan is approximately 126 million people. 8. Japan uses the _______ as its system of money. 9. The _______ of Japan features a red circle on a white background. 10. Japan is located in the Japan Standard _______ (JST) zone. 2.3 Activity Choose 1 out of the 8 topic cards below and give facts about it in the class. Topic 1: Topic 2: You are talking about the culture of You are sharing your experiences Japan and the Philippines with a working in different fields in Japan. friend. Topic 3: Topic 4: You are writing a short report about You are creating a travel guide about Japan for your class. Japan 36 Lesson 6: Transactions, Requests and Suggestions 1. Asking About Transportation, Banking, and Postal Services 1.1 Asking About Transportation The Philippines has many ways to get around. You can use buses, jeepneys, and tricycles for public transport. For longer trips within the country, domestic flights are also available. These options cater to different budgets and needs. Advantages: Advantages: Advantages: Advantages: Affordable: Low- Convenient: High Capacity: Fast: Maneuvers cost fares. Navigates narrow Accommodates through traffic Widespread: streets and many efficiently. Covers many provides direct passengers. Convenient: routes, including routes. Comfortable: Door-to-door remote areas. Flexible: Air-conditioned service with Cultural Icon: A Personalized options available. minimal wait. symbol of Filipino transport. Scheduled: Affordable: heritage. Cheap: Low-cost Regular routes Cheaper than fares for short and times. many car-based distances. options. Disadvantages: Disadvantages: Disadvantages: Disadvantages: Crowded: Often Limited Traffic Delays: Safety Risks: packed with Capacity: Seats Can be affected Higher accident passengers. few passengers. by congestion. risk. Polluting: High Pollution: Many Inflexible: Limited Space: emissions from use older, less Fixed routes No room for large old engines. efficient engines. and schedules. items. Safety Risks: Safety Issues: Overcrowding: Weather Higher accident Less stable and Can become Dependent: rates. prone to crowded during Exposure to the accidents. peak times. elements. 37 1.2 Banking Identify and label each of these banking-related pictures. You can choose the answers from the list below. ATM Checkbook Credit Card Deposit Slip Mobile Banking app Bank Bank Debit Card Withdrawal Slip Bank Teller Statement 1.2.1 Activity Identify the banking-related item being described. Write the answer on the space provided before each number. ___________ 1. A machine for withdrawing or depositing money from your bank account. ___________ 2. An application on your phone for managing your bank account and transactions. ___________ 3. A form used to take money out of your bank account. 38 ___________ 4. A form used to put money into your bank account. ___________ 5. A card used to make purchases or withdraw money directly from your bank account. ___________ 6. A book of checks that you use to make payments from your bank account. ___________ 7. A place where you keep your money and use financial services. ___________ 8. A person at the bank who helps with transactions and customer service. ___________ 9. A card used to borrow money from the bank for purchases, which you pay back later. ___________ 10. A document that shows all transactions and balances in your bank account over a period. 1.2.2 Activity Fill in the blanks in the dialogue with the correct banking terms from the list of bank-related words above. Kevin: Hi Jean, I need to visit the ________ to take care of some banking tasks. Jean: Sure, Kevin. What do you need to do? Kevin: First, I want to check my account balance. Should I use the ________ or go inside the bank? Jean: You can use the ________ for a quick balance check. But if you need to make a deposit, you'll need to fill out a ________. Kevin: Got it. I also need to withdraw some cash. Should I use the ________? Jean: Yes, you can use your ________ for that. But if you prefer to write a check, you can use your ________. Kevin: I see. And if I need to make a purchase, I should use my ________. Jean: Exactly. Don’t forget to keep track of your spending. You can review your transactions on your ________. Kevin: Thanks for the help! I’ll also visit the ________ if I have any questions about my account. 39 Jean: No problem. Have a great day! 40 1.3 Postal Products and Services PHLPost services can be categorized into two types: 1. Documents : Documents include letters, postcards, and other paperwork that are less than two (2) kilograms. 2. Goods or Merchandise. Goods or merchandise, on the other hand, are often perishable items like food, handmade goods, and even clothing, books, and other documents that weigh over two (2) kilograms. Domestic Delivery Document Delivery Services Ordinary - Cheapest option for postcards or letters that aren’t urgent. - No tracking available. Tracked - Allows you to track your mail's delivery status online. - Ideal for knowing when your mail arrives. Registered - For confidential or sensitive documents. - Includes tracking, proof of delivery, and is required for legal proceedings. Express - Fastest option for urgent documents. - Available in selected areas only. Goods or Merchandise Delivery Services e-Packet - Best for online sellers. - Affordable for sending e-commerce items within the Philippines. Express - Ideal for time-sensitive or perishable goods. Post - Fast delivery, available in selected areas only. Parcel Post - For tracking and delivering goods reliably. - Options include: - Air Parcel: Fastest delivery. - Surface Parcel: Cheapest option. - Insured Parcel: Safest with insurance. 41 42 Tracking and Claiming: Use PHLPost's Track and Trace system to track your mail or parcel in real-time. Visit tracking.phlpost.gov.ph to see if your item has arrived at your local post office. 1.3.1 Activity Match the vocabulary words related to postal services with their correct definitions on the right. 1. Address A. The place where you send and receive mail. 2. Stamp B. A small piece of paper that you buy to put on a letter. 3. Envelope C. A package that you send through the 4. Parcel mail. D. A flat, usually rectangular, container for 5. Post Office a letter. E. The location where mail is sent. 6. Postman/Postwoman F. The person who delivers mail. G. A document that shows proof of 7. Receipt sending mail. 43  2. Making Requests or Asking Permission 2.1 Warm-Up 1. When was the last time you asked for help? What was it for? 2. How would you deal with someone who asks for help too often? 3. What is the best way to ask for help? 2.2 Expressions Making Requests Accepting Requests Refusing Requests Will/Would/Can/Could Sure, I’d be glad to… I’m sorry, I can’t. you please…? I’d be happy to … I’m sorry, but … Do you mind…? Sure. Just a moment. I’d love to, but … Do you think you No problem. Sorry to say that … could…? Of course It sounds great, but … Would it be possible for Certainly. you to…? All right. Would you be kind enough to…? Would you mind…? Could you possibly…? I’d appreciate it if you could… 2.3 Activity Write a polite request for each situation using simple phrases and expressions above. Here is one example: Funding for a New Community Center: “Can we please ask for money to help build a new community center? It will help many people in our community.” 44  1. Training for Job Seekers: “Could you please ___________________________________________________.” 2. Help from a Healthcare Expert: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 3. Disaster Relief Supplies: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 4. Support for an Environmental Project: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 5. Workshops for Teachers: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 6. Help with Disaster Management Plan: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 7. Health Improvement Project: “_____________________________________________________________________.” 2.4 Activity The teacher will choose one request statement and ask someone to refuse it. You should be prepared to provide an explanation to support the refusal. You may use the expressions above. The purpose of this activity is to help you become more familiar with these expressions. 45  3. Making and Responding to Suggestions 3.1 Vocabulary and Expressions Making Suggestions Responding to Suggestions “How about...?” “That’s a good idea.” “Why don’t we...?” “I like that suggestion.” “Let’s...” “I’m not sure about that.” “I suggest we...” “Maybe we should...” “Maybe we could...” “I don’t think that will work because...” 3.2 Activity Match each suggestion in Column A with the best response from Column B. 1. How about we have a meeting A. Working on the proposal today will help us stay on track with our deadlines. tomorrow? (Work on the proposal today) B. That sounds like fun; trying a new 2. Why don’t we try a new restaurant for restaurant for lunch will be a nice change. (New restaurant for lunch) lunch? C. I’m not sure about this afternoon; maybe we should schedule the brainstorming 3. Let’s plan a team-building activity. session for another time. (Brainstorming session) 4. I suggest we start the project next week. D. I think organizing a charity event is a great idea; it could really benefit the community. (Charity event) 5. Maybe we could organize a charity event. E. I like that idea; planning a team-building activity will improve team collaboration. 6. How about changing the deadline to (Team-building activity) F. I agree; starting the project next week will give us more time to prepare. (Start 46  next week? the project next week) G. Changing the deadline to next week 7. Let’s invite a guest speaker to our next could give us a better timeline to complete the project. (Changing the event. deadline) H. That sounds good; a meeting tomorrow 8. Why don’t we review the budget before will help us finalize everything. (Meeting tomorrow) making a decision? I. Inviting a guest speaker to our next event would be interesting and could provide 9. I suggest we work on the proposal today. valuable insights. (Guest speaker) J. Reviewing the budget before making a 10. Maybe we could have a decision is essential to ensure we stay within our limits. (Review the budget) brainstorming session this afternoon? 3.3 Activity Find a pair. Create a dialogue, then act it out. Situation 1 Situation 2 Speaker A: You love movies and you Speaker A: You are excited about a can't wait to see the new action film new art exhibition in town and really this weekend. want to visit it this weekend. Speaker B: You hate action films and Speaker B: You’re not interested in would rather do something different art exhibitions and would prefer a (outside if possible). You love any music concert. You enjoy live music type of sport and are willing to play and are willing to attend a concert if football/basketball. it’s a popular band. Both speakers: Try to come to some Both speakers: Try to come to some type of agreement that fits both your type of agreement that fits both your personalities. personalities. Dialogue: Dialogue: 47 _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ ____________________________________ _____________________________________ Situation 3 Situation 4 Speaker A: You love spending time Speaker A: You are really into at the beach and are eager to go for cooking and have been looking a beach day this weekend. forward to trying out a new cooking class this weekend. Speaker B: You dislike the beach and would rather have a picnic in the Speaker B: You aren’t interested in park. You enjoy outdoor activities cooking classes and would prefer to and are open to a relaxing day in go hiking. You enjoy nature and are nature. excited about spending time outdoors. Both speakers: Try to come to some type of agreement that fits both your Both speakers: Try to come to some personalities. type of agreement that fits both your personalities. Dialogue: Dialogue: _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 48 Lesson 7: Food, Shopping and Lost Property 1. Ordering food and Identifying Foodstuff 1.2 Vocabulary and Expressions Foodstuff refers to any substance that is consumed as food. FRUITS VEGETABLES MEAT AND DAIRY BEVERAGES CONDIMENTS SEAFOOD PRODUCTS Apple Carrot Chicken Milk Juice Vinegar Banana Broccoli Beef Cheese Tea Soy Sauce Orange Tomato Pork Butter Coffee Ketchup Mango Lettuce Fish Yogurt Soda Mustard Grapes Potato Shrimp Nuts 1.3 Ordering Food At a Restaurant: During the Meal: 1. “Can I see the menu, please?” 1. “Excuse me, can we get some more [items]?” (e.g., “Excuse me, can we 2. “I’d like to order...” get some more water?”) 3. “Could I have the [dish name], please?” 2. “Can I have a refill on my [beverage]?” 4. “I’ll have the [dish name].” 49  5. “What are the specials today?” 3. “Everything is great, thank you.” 6. “Do you have any 4. “Can we get the check, please?” recommendations?” 5. “Could you bring us the bill?” 7. “Can I get this [dish name] to go?” 8. “Is this dish spicy?” 9. “I’m allergic to [ingredients]. Does this dish contain it?” 10. “Could you make it [adjustment], please?” (e.g., “Could you make it less spicy?”) 1.4 Activity Read the dialogue conversation between Maria and Cel. There are ten blanks in the conversation that need to be filled in with appropriate phrases. Choose the correct phrases from the list at the bottom to complete the conversation. Maria: Hi Cel, are you ready to order? Cel: Yes, but first, can I see the (1) ______, please? Maria: Good idea. I’m looking for something new today. (2) ____________. Cel: I’m not really sure. Let’s take a look at the menu. I think I’ll start with the (3) _______.. Maria: Great choice. For the main course, I’m thinking about having fish tonight. I think I’m getting the (4) ____________. How about you? Cel: I’m not sure yet. (5) Do you have any _________? Or better yet, I’ll just ask the waiter, Maria: That’s a good idea. By the way, is this dish (6) __________? Cel: Oh, I didn’t know that! Also, could you ask if they can (7) ____________ for me? Maria: Sure, I’ll check on that. I wonder what (8)__________ they have available. I’m thirsty. Cel: I think I’ll just have a cup of (9) ____________. I need to stay awake tonight. 50 Maria: Got it. Once we’re done, (10) ____________. Cel: Perfect. I’m excited to try this place out! What are the specials today? grilled salmon beverages Could you make it less spicy, menu appetizer please? recommendations coffee Can we get the check, please? spicy 2. Philippines Dishes / Kitchen Equipment and Utensils Rice - A staple food in Filipino cuisine. Adobo - A popular Filipino dish made with meat (often chicken or pork) marinated in soy sauce, vinegar, and spices. Sinigang - A sour soup made with tamarind and various vegetables and meat. Lechon - Roasted whole pig, a festive Filipino dish. Kare-Kare - A stew made with oxtail, vegetables, and peanut sauce. Pancit - Noodles, often stir-fried with vegetables and meat. Lumpia - Filipino spring rolls, usually filled with vegetables or meat. 51 Bibingka - A type of rice cake often eaten during the Christmas season. Puto - Steamed rice cakes. Halo-Halo - A mixed dessert with shaved ice, milk, and various sweet ingredients. “Jolly Jeep” Jolly Jeep in Makati is a popular local food stall known for its tasty and affordable Filipino street food. Located in various spots around Makati, Jolly Jeep offers a range of traditional Filipino dishes. Watch this short video to learn more about it so next time, you can just buy your lunch from Jolly Jeep. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ey9i7nWgusM&t=68s 52 53 3. Describing Missing Property 3.1 Warm up 1. Have you ever lost something important? What happened? 2. How did you describe it to others? 3. What information do you need to give when you report a missing item? 3.2 Vocabulary Match each term to its correct definition on the left. 1. Missing A. An item or thing that belongs to someone. B. The place where something is found or 2. Property happened. C. The period during which something 3. Description occurs. D. A statement giving details about 4. Incident something. 5. Report E. Not present where it should be. F. A brief explanation of what something is 6. Details like. G. Specific pieces of information about 7. Unique features something. H. An event or occurrence, often unexpected. 8. Location I. Special qualities that make something different. 9. Timeframe 54 3.3 Expressions When reporting a lost item, additional details that might be asked for include: 1. Condition of the Item - Describe any wear and tear or damage. 2. Identification Marks - Any distinguishing marks or engravings. 3. Serial Number - For items like electronics, if available. 4. Owner Information - Your name and contact details. 5. Witnesses - Names or descriptions of anyone who might have seen the item or knows about its loss. 6. Purchase Information - Date and place of purchase, if relevant. 7. Previous Location - Where you were before the last known location. 8. Identification of Lost Item - Any attached documents or packaging that came with it. 9. Possible Places to Check - Locations you have already searched or places where you might have left it. 3.3.1 Sample Questions and Responses Here are some realistic questions and responses that might be asked when reporting a lost item. SAMPLE QUESTIONS SAMPLE RESPONSES Condition of the Item The item was in good condition, but What was the condition of the item it had a few scratches on the surface when you last saw it? from regular use. Identification Marks Yes, the item has a small engraving Are there any distinctive marks or on the back with my initials "J.D." engravings on the item? Serial Number Yes, the serial number is Do you know the serial number of 12345ABC67890. It’s usually located the item? on the bottom of the device. Owner Information Sure, my name is Jane Doe, and you 55 Can you provide your contact can reach me at (555) 123-4567 or information for follow-up? [email protected]. Witnesses I think the barista at the café might Were there any witnesses who have seen me with the item. Her might have seen the item or know name is Sarah, and she works the where it might be? morning shift. Purchase Information Yes, I bought the item from the Do you have information about Electronics Store on Oak Street where and when the item was about six months ago. purchased? Previous Location Before I noticed it was missing, I was Where were you before you realized at the library, then I went straight to the item was missing? the café. Identification of Lost Item Yes, the item came with a small box Was there any packaging or and user manual, which were in my documents attached to the item? backpack along with the item. Possible Places to Check Yes, I’ve checked the library, the café, Have you already checked any other and my car, but I haven’t found it in places where you might have left the any of those places. item? 3.4 Activity Find a pair. Present any item in class. Act like this item has been missing for days. Student 1 will ask some questions about it, while Student 2 should answer. You should be well familiar with your item as you may be asked for some identifications too. Here's one example: What was the condition of the item when you last saw it? It's an old leather wallet. The color is brown but it has faded a bit. Where were you before you realized the item was missing? I was at home, checking the receipt from the store. Was there any packaging or documents attached to the item? The picture of my kids is in there. One is wearing yellow and the other is red. 56 Lesson 8: Directions and ""How-to"" Instructions 1. Stating location, giving or following directions 1.2 Warm Up Questions 1. What are some common places you need to find in your daily life? 2. Have you ever had trouble finding a location? What happened? 1.3 Vocabulary Instructional Words for Giving Directions Things to See on the Street 57  Sample Questions - Responses when Giving Directions Basic Directions: Basic Directions: “Go straight on [Street Name] for “Can you tell me how to get to about [distance].” [place]?” “Turn left/right at the [landmark/street name].” “Where is the nearest [place]?” “How do I find [place]?” Clarifying Details: Using Landmarks: “It’s next to the [landmark/building].” “Is it far from here?” “It’s across from the [landmark/building].” “Can you show me on the map?” “How long does it take to walk/drive there?” Specific Directions: Specific Instructions: “After you pass the “Do I need to turn left or right?” [landmark/building], turn left/right.” “At the traffic lights, turn left/right.” “Should I go straight or take a turn?” “Are there any landmarks I should look for?” Public Transport: Distance and Timing: “It’s about [distance] away.” “Which bus/train should I take to get “It takes around [time] to walk/drive to [place]?” there.” “Where is the nearest bus stop/train station?” Additional Help: Complex Directions: “Go straight until you reach the “Is there a nearby landmark that I roundabout, then take the second can use as a reference?” exit.” “Walk past the supermarket and take “How many blocks away is it?” the first left.” Clarifications: “You’ll see a [landmark/building] on your right/left.” “The place is located just before/after the [landmark].” 58 1.3 Reading Here’s a sample conversation in which the expressions are used to ask for and give directions. Darell: Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the library? Koike: Sure! Go straight on Main Street for two blocks. Darell: Is it far from here? Koike: No, it’s very close. After two blocks, you’ll see the library on your right. Darell: Do I need to turn left or right? Koike: Turn right at the next intersection. Darell: Thank you! Is there a landmark near the library? Koike: Yes, it’s next to the big supermarket. You can’t miss it! Darell: Great, thanks for your help! Koike: You’re welcome! Have a nice day. 1.4 Activity Find a pair. Refer to the pictures below and create a dialogue. Student 1 should ask for directions, while Student 2 should give directions. Be sure to use the expressions provided above. (The teacher may still use other pictures aside from the one below.) 59  2. Giving and Following "How-to" Instruction 2.1 Warm Up In this video, Vanya helps Emir learn how to use a new coffee machine. Watch and do the exercises below to check your understanding. https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/speaking/a2-speaking/giving-instructions 2.1.1 Task 1 Are the sentences true or false? 1. Emir doesn’t know how the new coffee machine works. 2. Vanya arrives and offers to show Emir how it works. 3. Vanya’s instructions are long and complicated. 4. Vanya tells Emir to try to make a coffee. 5. Emir doesn’t want to try to follow the instructions himself. 6. The coffee Emir makes is terrible. 2.1.2 Task 2 Complete the sentences. 1. First, you ……………………………… to put the coffee here. 2. After ……………………………… , you just press this button. 3. OK, that ……………………………… clear. 4. Is this ……………………………… ? 5. Yes, that’s ………………………………. 6. You’re ……………………………… well. 7. ……………………………… do I do next? 8. Is there anything ……………………………… ? 60 2.2 Vocabulary and Expressions Structure of "How-to- Transitional Expressions Instructions" Can you describe how to...? First, … What steps do you follow to...? Next, … Can you explain how...? Then, … What do you do to...? After that, … How do you...? Finally, … Your task is complete when… 2.2.1 Example (1) Can you explain how to cook an egg? First, heat a non-stick skillet over medium heat. Next, crack the egg into a small bowl. Then, gently pour the egg from the bowl into the skillet. After that, cook the egg until the white is set and the yolk is cooked to your liking. Finally, use a spatula to transfer the egg to a plate. Your task is complete when the egg is cooked and ready to eat. 2.2.2 Example (2) What do you do to set up a new email account? First, go to the email service provider's website and click on the “Sign Up” or “Create Account” button. Next, enter your personal information, such as your name, desired email address, and a strong password. Then, follow the prompts to verify your email address or phone number for account security. After that, set up your email preferences and any additional security settings you want to enable. Finally, review your account settings and start using your new email account. Your task is complete when you receive and send your first email successfully from your new account. 61 2.3 Activity Group the class into three, then work on the task below. Each group can choose from the list of topics, or they can think of another that’s related to their line of work. Below are some of JICA’s roles and responsibilities. Your task is to create specific detailed instructions in English. Here is one example. How to Prepare for a Community Workshop 1. Introduction: ○ “To prepare for a community workshop, follow these steps:” 2. Instructions: ○ First, determine the workshop’s objectives and the topics to be covered. ○ Next, create a detailed agenda and schedule for the workshop. ○ Then, gather and prepare all necessary materials, such as handouts, presentation slides, and any equipment needed. ○ After that, set up the venue, ensuring seating and technical equipment are arranged properly. ○ Finally, review the agenda with your team and make any last- minute adjustments before the workshop begins. How to Set Up a Disaster Relief Operation How to Organize a Training Session How to Prepare a Budget for a Project 62  3. Giving Cautions and Stating Consequences 3.1 Warm-Up Questions 1. What should you do if you notice a warning sign about a potential hazard in your workplace? 2. If you forget to wear your seatbelt while driving, what might happen? 3. Why is it important to follow instructions carefully when using a new piece of equipment? 3.2 Vocabulary and Expressions Key Phrases for Giving Cautions Key Phrases for Stating Consequences 1. Be careful not to … 1. As a result, … 2. Make sure to avoid … 2. This may lead to … 3. Take care when … 3. Failure to do so could result in … 4. Watch out for … 4. If you don’t, … 5. It’s important to be aware of … 5. This could cause … 6. Don’t forget to … 6. Consequently, … 7. Be cautious about … 7. You might experience … 8. Avoid making … 8. This can lead to … 9. Exercise caution when … 9. As a consequence, … 10. Keep in mind that … 10. There is a risk of … 3.3. Activity (1) Write a consequence statement for each caution statement. Use the key phrases for stating consequences. Here is one example: Caution: Be cautious about using electrical appliances with wet hands. Consequence: If you don’t keep your hands dry, you might get an electric shock. 63  1. Caution: Be careful not to leave food out for too long. Consequence: _____________________________________ 2. Caution: Exercise caution when using power tools. Consequence:_____________________________________ 3. Caution: Make sure to check the expiration date on medications. Consequence:_____________________________________ 4. Caution: Keep in mind that sharp edges on tools can cause injury. Consequence:_____________________________________ 5. Caution: Be cautious about using electrical appliances with wet hands. Consequence:_____________________________________ 6. Caution: Make sure to avoid using a phone while driving. Consequence:_____________________________________ 7. Caution: Watch out for slippery floors in public areas. Consequence:_____________________________________ 8. Caution: Take care when lifting heavy objects. Consequence:_____________________________________ 3.4. Activity (2) Write a caution statement that’s related to your line of work or JICA-related role. Then, write the corresponding consequence/s below. Caution: ________________________________________________________ Consequence:___________________________________________________ 64 Lesson 9: Ailments, Health Tools and Documents 1. Describing Common Ailments and Injuries 1. Have you ever had a bad cough? How did it affect your daily activities? 2. What are some common health problems you have experienced or heard about? 3. How will you react if your colleague comes in to work sick? Ailments Injuries 65  2. Describing Symptoms and Remedies 2.1. Symptom A symptom is a change in the body or mind that indicates a health problem. It is something you notice or feel that shows you might be sick or have an injury. A simple term for "symptom" is "sign." 2.1.1 Activity: Look at the list of symptoms provided. Based on each symptom, guess which ailment or injury it might be describing. Choose from the list of words below. Symptom Ailment / Injury I have a dark spot on my skin from a bump. I have a small open wound that is bleeding. My throat feels painful when I swallow. I feel very hot and sweaty. I have an injury on my skin that is open and bleeding. My head hurts. I am sneezing and have a runny nose. My ankle is swollen and hurts when I move it. I feel like I might throw up. My skin feels hot and red. Cut Bruise Burn Wound Sore Throat Headache Fever Sprain Cold Nausea 66  2.2. Remedy A remedy is a way to fix or treat a problem or illness. For example, medicine or rest can be a remedy for a headache. 2.2.1 Vocabulary and Expressions 1. Reduce: Make smaller 2. Swelling: When a part of the body gets bigger and puffy 3. Fluid: Liquid 4. Antibiotic: Medicine that kills infection/ germs 5. Relief: Feeling better or less pain 6. Over-the-counter: Medicine you can buy without a doctor's prescription 7. Elevated: Raised up higher 8. Bland: Mild taste, not strong or spicy Here are simple remedies for each ailment and injury: Bruise: Apply ice to reduce swelling. Cut: Clean the cut and cover it with a bandage. Sore Throat: Gargle with salt water and drink warm fluids. Fever: Rest and drink plenty of fluids; use fever-reducing medicine if needed. Wound: Clean the wound, apply an antibiotic ointment, and cover it with a bandage. Headache: Rest in a quiet place and drink water; consider over- the-counter pain relief. Cold: Rest, drink fluids, and use decongestants if needed. Sprain: Apply ice, rest, and keep the injured area elevated. Nausea: Drink clear fluids and eat bland foods; rest if possible. Burn: Cool the burn with running water and cover it with a clean, non-stick bandage. 67  2.3. Activity Fill in the blanks in each dialogue with the correct symptom or remedy based on the scenario. Choose your answer from the words below. Scenario 1 Nurse: Hi there! How are you feeling today? Patient: Hi, Nurse. I’m not okay. I feel really hot. Nurse: Oh. Let me check your temperature. Patient: Okay. Nurse: It’s actually high. That means you have a _________. Patient: What should I do? Nurse: It’s important to __________ and drink lots of __________. Patient: Should I take any __________? Nurse: Yes. I’ll ask the doctor to make a prescription so you can buy them from the pharmacy. Medicine Fever Fluids Rest Scenario 2 Nurse: Hello! What seems to be the problem today? Patient: I ate too much sweets last night. I have a __________ and it hurts a lot. Nurse: I’m sorry to hear that. Please make sure not to move too much. It can help if you will __________ and eat __________ food. Patient: What if the pain doesn’t go away? Nurse: If the pain doesn’t go away, we might need to check with a doctor. For now, try resting and drinking some __________ Rest Bland Stomachache Fluids 68  Scenario 3 Nurse: Hi there! How are you doing? Patient: I cannot eat. My throat hurts when I swallow. I think I have a ___________. Nurse: That sounds uncomfortable. It helps If you will __________ with warm salt water and drink __________. Patient: Is there anything else I can do for the __________ (symptom)? Nurse: You can also try some throat lozenges. If it gets worse, let us know. Sore Throat Gargle Warm Fluids Sore Throat Scenario 4 Nurse: Hi! What happened to your leg? Patient: I think I have a __________. Why does it look bigger? Nurse: It’s actually _______ that’s why it appears bigger and puffy. We should apply __________ and keep it __________. Patient: Can I walk on it? Nurse: Try to avoid walking on it as much as possible. We’ll get you some help. Swollen Elevated Sprain Ice 69  3. Using Health-Related Documents and Materials 3.1 Vocabulary Match vocabulary words with their definitions. 1. Appointment Reminder A. Information on medicine provided by the pharmacy. 2. Prescription B. A form asking for past health information. 3. Medical History Form C. Amount of medicine to take. D. Notice about a scheduled visit. 4. Emergency Contact E. Possible reactions to medication. 5. Side Effects F. Person to call in case of urgent situations. 6. Dosage G. A place where you can get medicine. 7. Pharmacy 3.2 Activity (1) Answer the following questions based on the prescription provided. Use the details from the document to find the correct answers. Reference: https://clinicia.com/app/website_assets/images/web_prescription_big.png 1. What is the patient's name and age? 2. What is the diagnosis given in the prescription? 3. How often should the medication Tab Rantac 150mg be taken? 4. What is the suggested duration for taking the CAP SM FIBRO medication? 5. When is the next follow-up appointment scheduled? 70  3.3 Activity (3) Fill out this medical form. 71 Lesson 10: Telephoning, Hotels, and Housing 1. Making and Answering Phone Calls 1.1 Warm-Up Listen to the phone call from a customer and do the exercises that follow. https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/listening/b1-listening/phone-call-customer Activity (1) True or False? 1. The delivery hasn’t arrived yet. 2. Andrea is having cash flow issues and needs a payment extension. 3. Andrea usually asks for an extension of the payment terms. 4. Andrea has a new order to place, even bigger than the last one. 5. Junko can extend the payment terms on the last order to 60 days. 6. Junko will send Andrea an email confirmation. Activity (2) Write the sentences in the correct group. I appreciate your help. Let me see what I can do. I need a favor. I promise this won’t become the I think we can make an exception norm. this time. I’m happy to help you. You’ll really be helping us. I’m not sure if I can do that. 72  The customer says: The supplier says: 1.2. Vocabulary and Expressions Common Phrases for Making Phone Calls Starting the Call “Hello, this is [Your Name] from [Company/Organization].” “Hi, this is [Your Name]. I hope you’re doing well.” “Good [morning/afternoon/evening], this is [Your Name].” Asking for “Can I speak to [Person’s Name], please?” Someone “I’d like to talk to [Person’s Name], if they are available.” “May I speak with the person in charge of [Department/Topic], please?” Stating the “I’m calling regarding [Subject/Issue].” Purpose “I wanted to discuss [Topic] with you.” “I’m calling to follow up on [Previous Call/Email].” Making “Could you please send me more information Requests about [Topic]?” “Would it be possible to schedule a meeting?” “Can you provide me with an update on [Issue]?” Clarifying and “Could you repeat that, please?” Confirming “I’m sorry, I didn’t catch that. Can you say it again?” “Just to confirm, you said [Repeat Information], right?” Ending the Call “Thank you for your time. Have a great day.” “I appreciate your help. Goodbye!” “Thanks for the information. I’ll follow up with 73  you soon.” Common Phrases for Answering Phone Calls Answering the “Hello, [Company/Department], [Your Name] Call speaking.” “Hi, this is [Your Name]. How can I help you today?” “Good [morning/afternoon/evening], [Your Name] here. What can I do for you?” Identifying the “May I ask who is calling, please?” Caller “Could you please provide your name and contact information?” “Who am I speaking with?” Providing “I’ll need to check that information and get Information back to you.” “I can help you with [Topic/Issue]. Let me find the details.” “I’ll transfer you to [Department/Person] who can assist you.” Handling “I’m sorry to hear that you’re having trouble. Let Problems or me assist you.” Complaints “I apologize for the inconvenience. Can you provide more details?” “I understand your concern. I’ll escalate this issue to [Manager/Department].” Taking Messages “I’m sorry, [Person’s Name] is not available right now. Can I take a message?” “Would you like to leave a voicemail or message for [Person’s Name]?” “I’ll make sure [Person’s Name] gets your message as soon as possible.” Transferring “I’m going to transfer you to Calls [Department/Person]. One moment, please.” “Please hold while I connect you to the right person.” “I’ll forward your call to [Department/Person] who can assist you.” Ending the Call “Thank you for calling. Have a great day!” 74  “Is there anything else I can help you with today?” 1.3. Activity Find a pair and choose one scenario from the list. Your task is to create a dialogue using the key phrases and vocabulary. discussed in the lesson. After completing the dialogue, switch roles and choose a new scenario to practice. Here is one example: Example Dialogue Caller: “Hello, this is Maria from ABC Corporation. I’d like to speak with the Marketing Manager, please.” Receiver: “Hi, this is Jane from the assistant’s office. May I ask what this is regarding?” Caller: “I’m calling to schedule a meeting to discuss our new project. Is the Marketing Manager available?” Receiver: “The Marketing Manager is currently in a meeting. Can I take a message or would you like to schedule another time?” Caller: “I’d like to schedule a meeting. Could we arrange it for Tuesday afternoon?” Receiver: “Sure, let me check the schedule. Tuesday afternoon looks good. What time would you prefer?” Caller: “How about 2:00 PM?” Receiver: “2:00 PM works. I’ll set up the meeting and have the Marketing Manager confirm. Is there anything else I can help you with?” Caller: “No, that’s all. Thank you very much!” Receiver: “You’re welcome. Have a great day!” Caller: “You too. Goodbye!” Scenarios: Scenario 1: Scheduling a Meeting Caller: You need to schedule a meeting with the Marketing Manager to discuss a new project. 75  Receiver: The Marketing Manager’s assistant. 76  Scenario 2: Requesting Information Caller: You are calling to request information about the company’s employee benefits. Receiver: The Human Resources department. Scenario 3: Following Up on an Order Caller: You are calling to follow up on the status of an order you placed last week. Receiver: The customer service representative. Scenario 4: Reporting a Problem Caller: You need to report a problem with a recently purchased product. Receiver: The support team at the store where you made the purchase. Scenario 5: Confirming a Reservation Caller: You are calling to confirm a reservation for a dinner party you made for next Saturday. Receiver: The restaurant’s reservation desk. 77  2. Making Hotel Arrangements 2.1 Warm-Up 1. “What information do you need to provide when booking a hotel?” 2. “Have you ever had any issues with hotel bookings?” 2.2 Vocabulary and Expressions Reservation: The act of booking a room in advance. Check-in: The process of arriving at the hotel and registering your stay. Check-out: The process of leaving the hotel and settling any outstanding charges. Suite: A set of connected rooms, often including a bedroom and living area. Amenity: Additional features or services provided by the hotel, like a pool or Wi-Fi. Rate: The price charged per night for staying in a room. Cancellation The rules about how and when you can cancel your Policy: reservation without a penalty. Confirmation: A document or message that verifies your reservation and booking details. Common Phrases: “I’d like to make a reservation for [date].” “Do you have any rooms available?” “What is the rate for a single/double room?” “Is breakfast included?” “Can I request a room with a view?” “What is your cancellation policy?” “I would like to confirm my reservation.” 78 2.3 Activity Complete the dialogue by filling in the blanks with the vocabulary terms, then check your answers and practice reading the dialogue with a partner. Refer to the vocabulary and phrases above for reference. Client: Hello, I’d like to make a __________ (1) for a room. Receptionist: Certainly! For what date will you need the room? Client: I’m looking to book a room for the night of [insert date]. Could you please tell me the __________ (2) per night? Receptionist: Of course. The __________ (3) for a standard room is $120 per night. We also have a __________ (4) that includes a separate living area and a bedroom for $200 per night. Client: That sounds good. Is __________ (5) included in the rate? Receptionist: Yes, amenities such as Wi-Fi and breakfast are included. Is there anything else you need to know? Client: Yes, what is your __________ (6)? Receptionist: Our __________ (6) allows you to cancel up to 24 hours before check-in without any penalty. If you cancel after that, there will be a charge equivalent to one night’s stay. Client: Okay, I understand. Could you please send me a __________ (7) with all the details of the reservation? Receptionist: Certainly. Once we complete the booking, I’ll email you the __________ (7) immediately. Client: Great. Also, what time can I __________ (8) and __________ (9) the room? Receptionist: You can __________ (8) any time after 3 PM, and __________ (9) is by 11 AM on your departure day. Client: Perfect. Thank you! Receptionist: You’re welcome! I’ll finalize the reservation and send you the confirmation. Have a great day! 79  3. Making House Arrangements 3.1 Warm-Up 1. What do you need to know before you move into a new place? 2. What questions would you ask if you want to rent an apartment? 3.2 Vocabulary and Expressions (Activity) Match each vocabulary word on the left with its correct definition on the right. 1. Rental A. Money paid upfront to secure a rental property. 2. Lease B. A contract for renting a property for a set 3. Deposit period. C. The owner of the rental property. 4. Furnished D. Services such as water, electricity, and gas. 5. Utilities E. The act of paying to use a property temporarily. 6. Landlord F. Whether or not the property is free to rent. 7. Tenant G. An appointment to see the property before renting. 8. Viewing H. A person who rents and lives in the 9. Rent property. I. The amount of money paid regularly to use 10. Availability the property. J. A property that includes furniture. Common Phrases: “I’d like to inquire about a rental property.” “What is the monthly rent?” “Are utilities included in the rent?” “Is the apartment furnished?” “What is the lease term?” “Can I schedule a viewing?” “What is the deposit amount?” “Is the property available immediately?” 80  3.3 Activity Complete the dialogue by filling in the blanks with the vocabulary terms, then check your answers and practice reading the dialogue with a partner. Refer to the vocabulary and phrases above for reference. Tenant: Hello, I’m interested in renting the house you have available. Could you tell me the __________ (1) for the property? Landlord: Certainly! The __________ (1) is $1,200 per month. Tenant: Great Landlord: The house is fully __________ (2), so you won’t need to furnish it yourself. Tenant: That’s good to know. What about __________ (3)? Are they included in the rent? Landlord: No. You’ll need to pay for your bills separately. Tenant: I see. Can I schedule a __________ (4) to see the house before making a decision? Landlord: Of course! We can arrange it for you this weekend. Tenant: Perfect. What is the ________