Medical Terminology for Medics PDF

Ticket 1 Define the the following medical terms: 1. Hepatitis 2. Coeliac disease 3. Hyperthyroidism 4. Goiter 5. Diarrhea 6. Anemia 7. **Chemotherapy** 8. **Caesarean section** 9. Schizophrenia 10. **Dissection** **Define the following suffixes/prefixes** 1. -cele. Outgrowth...

Ticket 1 Define the the following medical terms: 1. Hepatitis 2. Coeliac disease 3. Hyperthyroidism 4. Goiter 5. Diarrhea 6. Anemia 7. **Chemotherapy** 8. **Caesarean section** 9. Schizophrenia 10. **Dissection** **Define the following suffixes/prefixes** 1. -cele. Outgrowth 2. -pnea- rapid breathing 3. -rrhea- discharge 4. -algia. Pain 5. -logy. Study of 6. Pathy. Disease 7. Hypo. - Low, below normal 8. Emia. Condition like hypoglycemia low blood sugar 9. Anti. Opposite against 10. Neo. New like newborn **Answer the questions:** 1. How many cavities does the body have? (name those cavities) The cranial cavity, the vertebral cavity, the thoracic cavity (containing the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavity), the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity. 2. In how many ways can we divide abdominopelvic cavity? The quadrants are labeled by location: the right upper, right lower, left upper, and left lower quadrants. 3. What are nine regions of the abdomen? The nine regions are smaller than the four abdominopelvic quadrants and include the right hypochondriac, right lumbar, right illiac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric (or pubic), left hypochondriac, left lumbar, and left illiac divisions. 4. Name two main divisions of the nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). 5. What does CNS consist of? The brain and spinal cord Ticket 2 1. 2. Radiography - Radiography is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to create images of the inside of the body. It is commonly used to visualize bones, organs, and tissues. 3. Contraindication- A contraindication refers to a specific situation or condition in which a particular treatment, procedure, or medication should not be used because it could be harmful or ineffective. 4. Atrophy- Atrophy refers to the wasting or decrease in size of a tissue, organ, or muscle due to a reduction in the number or size of its cells. This can occur as a result of various factors, such as disuse, lack of stimulation, decreased blood flow, nerve damage, or certain medical conditions. 5. Fibromyalgia - Fibromyalgia is a chronic and complex medical condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, tenderness, and fatigue. It is considered a disorder of the central nervous system, affecting the way the brain processes pain signals. 6. Tendinopasty-Tendinopathy,\" which is a general term used to describe conditions that involve damage or degeneration of a tendon. Tendons are tough, flexible bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. 7. Ischaemia - Ischaemia refers to a condition where there is reduced blood flow to a particular part of the body, leading to inadequate oxygen supply to the tissues. 8. Vesicle - A vesicle is a small, fluid-filled sac or cavity that can be found in various parts of the body. These sacs are typically surrounded by a membrane and can contain a variety of substances, such as fluids, enzymes, or hormones 9. Nocturia - Nocturia is a medical term that describes the frequent need to urinate during the night, disrupting a person\'s sleep. It can be caused by various factors, such as drinking excessive fluids before bedtime, certain medical conditions like urinary tract infections 10. Greenstick - Greenstick fractures are a type of bone fracture commonly seen in children. They occur when one side of the bone bends but does not break completely, while the other side fractures 11. Brachialgia - Brachialgia, also known as brachial neuralgia or brachial plexus neuropathy, is a condition characterized by pain, tingling, or numbness that radiates along the path of the brachial plexus. **Ex.2. Define the following suffixes:** 1. **Amphi. Both sides** 2. **ankyl/o. Stiff fused closed** 3. **electr/o. Electricity** 4. **femur/o.** 5. **fasci/o. Fibrous membrane** 6. **paresis partial or incomplete paralysis** 7. **ton/o. Tone** 8. -malacia. Softening 9. plasia- abnormal formation 10. **myc/o. Fungus** **Answer the questions:** 1. How many cavities does the body have? (name those cavities) 2. In how many ways can we divide abdominopelvic cavity? The abdominopelvic cavity is a large space in the body that includes both the abdominal and pelvic regions. It contains various organs such as the stomach, liver, intestines, reproductive organs, and more. The cavity is typically divided into four quadrants and nine regions for anatomical reference. The four quadrants are: 1\. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) 2\. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) 3\. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) 4\. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) 3\. What are nine regions of the abdomen? Ans - The nine regions are: 1\. Right Hypochondriac Region 2\. Epigastric Region 3\. Left Hypochondriac Region 4\. Right Lumbar Region 5\. Umbilical Region 6\. Left Lumbar Region 7\. Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region 8\. Hypogastric (Pubic) Region 9\. Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region 4\. Define Skeletal muscle. The muscles that connect to your bones and allow you to perform a wide range of movements and functions. 6. Name two main divisions of the nervous system. Ans - The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS Ticket 3 1. 2. Periumbilical rash - A periumbilical rash refers to a skin rash or irritation that occurs around the belly button or umbilicus. 3. Dysphagia- Dysphagia is a medical term that refers to difficulty or discomfort in swallowing. It can occur at any point during the swallowing process, including the act of moving food or liquids from the mouth to the throat 4. **Fracture- Fractures can range from mild, hairline cracks to severe breaks where the bone fragments may shift out of place. Common symptoms of a fracture include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty using or moving the affected limb.** 5. **Endoscopy- Endoscopy is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool in medicine. It enables doctors to detect abnormalities, take tissue samples for biopsies, remove polyps or foreign objects, and perform various minor surgical procedures, all without the need for large incisions** 6. Hemiplegia- Hemiplegia is a medical condition characterized by paralysis or weakness of one side of the body. It is often caused by damage to the brain or spinal cord, specifically in the motor pathways that control movement on one side of the body 7. Retrosternal- Retrosternal refers to a location or position behind the sternum, which is the breastbone located at the front of the chest 8. Polydactyly- Polydactyly is a congenital condition in which a person is born with extra fingers or toes on one or more of their hands or feet. 9. **Physiotherapist - A physiotherapist, also known as a physical therapist (PT), is a healthcare professional who specializes in providing rehabilitation and physical therapy services to individuals with various medical conditions, injuries, or disabilities.** 10. **Retractor - Retractors are essential tools in various surgical specialties, such as general surgery, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and more.** 11. **Generic-** **Define the following suffixes/prefixes** 1. Brady- abnormally slow rate of speed 2. Tachy- abnormally high rate of speed 3. Contra- m against 4. Ab- away from outside 5. Ec-, Ecto-, Ex-, Exo- 6. -cele. Hernia 7. -ectasis- expansion or dilution 8. -edema- excessive fluid 9. -iasis- condition or state 10. -lysis\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--formation\ **Answer the following questions:** 1. How many cavities does the body have? (name those cavities) Ans- The cranial cavity, the vertebral cavity, the thoracic cavity (containing the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavity), the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity 2. In how many ways can we divide abdominopelvic cavity? Ans- The cavity is typically divided into four quadrants and nine regions for anatomical reference. The four quadrants are: 1\. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) 2\. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) 3\. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) 4\. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) The nine regions are: 1\. Right Hypochondriac Region 2\. Epigastric Region 3\. Left Hypochondriac Region 4\. Right Lumbar Region 5\. Umbilical Region 6\. Left Lumbar Region 7\. Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region 8\. Hypogastric (Pubic) Region 9\. Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region 3. What are nine regions of the abdomen? The cavity is typically divided into four quadrants and nine regions for anatomical reference. The nine regions are: 1\. Right Hypochondriac Region 2\. Epigastric Region 3\. Left Hypochondriac Region 4\. Right Lumbar Region 5\. Umbilical Region 6\. Left Lumbar Region 7\. Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region 8\. Hypogastric (Pubic) Region 9\. Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region 4\. Define Smooth muscle. Smooth muscle, also called involuntary muscle, muscle that shows no cross stripes under microscopic magnification. It consists of narrow spindle-shaped cells with a single, centrally located nucleus. 7. What are the divisions of PNS? The peripheral nervous system is further subdivided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. Ticket 6 Ex. 1: Definitions of Medical Terms 1\. Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic liver disease and is transmitted through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids. 2\. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): OCD is a mental health disorder characterized by recurring, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety or distress. 3\. Malignant Neoplasm: Malignant neoplasm refers to cancerous tumors or growths that have the potential to spread and invade nearby tissues or metastasize to other parts of the body. 4\. Caesarean Section: A Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through an incision made in the mother\'s abdomen and uterus, usually when vaginal delivery is not possible or safe. 5\. Basal Cell Carcinoma: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer that usually develops in areas exposed to the sun. It typically grows slowly and is usually not life-threatening if detected and treated early. 6\. Urinary Incontinence: Urinary incontinence is a condition characterized by the involuntary leakage of urine due to the loss of bladder control. 7\. Pupil: The pupil is the black circular opening in the center of the iris of the eye. It controls the amount of light entering the eye. 8\. Contrast Medium: A contrast medium is a substance used in medical imaging, such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI, to enhance the visibility of certain structures or organs. 9\. Aspirin: Aspirin is a common over-the-counter medication used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever. It also acts as a blood thinner to prevent blood clot formation. 11. Epilepsy: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the brain Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. Oste/o-: Pertaining to bones. 2\. Path/o-: Refers to disease or abnormal condition. 3\. Epi-: Prefix meaning \"above\" or \"upon.\" 4\. Peri-: Prefix meaning \"around\" or \"surrounding.\" 5\. Endo-: Prefix meaning \"inside\" or \"within.\" 6\. -logy: Suffix meaning \"the study of\" or \"the science of.\" 7\. Malacia: Suffix meaning \"softening.\" 8\. -oid: Suffix meaning \"resembling\" or \"like.\" 9\. Proxim/o: Combining form meaning \"near\" or \"close to.\" 10\. Cost/o-: Combining form related to ribs. Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Myalgia: Myalgia is the medical term for muscle pain. 2\. Iatrogenic Disease: An iatrogenic disease is a condition or illness caused unintentionally by medical treatment or procedures. 3\. Alopecia: Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss or baldness. 4\. Onychotomy: Onychotomy refers to the surgical cutting or removal of a fingernail or toenail. 5\. Biopsy: A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of tissue is taken from the body for examination and diagnosis. 6\. Nephroptosis: Nephroptosis, also known as a floating kidney, is the abnormal condition where the kidney drops or moves out of its normal position. 7\. Zygomatic Bones: Zygomatic bones are the cheekbones, which form part of the facial skeleton. 8\. Rheumatology: Rheumatology is the medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the joints, muscles, and connective tissues. 9\. Arthralgia: Arthralgia is the medical term for joint pain. 12. Hemiparesis: Hemiparesis is a condition where there is weakness or partial paralysis on one side of the body, usually affecting one arm and one leg on the same side. Ticket 1 Ex. 1: Definitions of Medical Terms 1\. Hepatitis: Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by viral infections (e.g., Hepatitis A, B, C) or other factors like alcohol, drugs, or autoimmune disorders. 2\. Cystitis: Cystitis is the inflammation of the bladder, often caused by a bacterial infection leading to urinary tract infection (UTI). 3\. Dyspnea: Dyspnea refers to difficult or labored breathing, often associated with respiratory or cardiac conditions. 4\. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones, leading to an overactive metabolism. 5\. Goitre: Goitre is the enlargement of the thyroid gland, often caused by iodine deficiency or thyroid disorders. 6\. Parkinsonism: Parkinsonism refers to a group of neurological disorders that share symptoms similar to Parkinson\'s disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). 7\. Neoplasm: A neoplasm is an abnormal growth or tumor, which can be benign or malignant. 8\. Anorexia: Anorexia is a loss of appetite or a lack of desire to eat, which can be a symptom of various medical or psychological conditions. 9\. Celiac Disease: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine, affecting nutrient absorption. 10\. Malaria: Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, leading to symptoms like fever, chills, and anemia. Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. Ante-: Prefix meaning \"before\" or \"prior to.\" 2\. Neo-: Prefix meaning \"new\" or \"recent.\" 3\. Post-: Prefix meaning \"after\" or \"behind.\" 4\. Tachy-: Prefix meaning \"fast\" or \"rapid.\" 5\. Dia-: Prefix meaning \"through\" or \"across.\" 6\. Contra-: Prefix meaning \"against\" or \"opposite.\" 7\. -Plegia: Suffix referring to paralysis. 8\. -Rrhexis: Suffix meaning \"rupture\" or \"breaking.\" 9\. -Megaly: Suffix meaning \"enlargement.\" 10\. -Osis: Suffix indicating a medical condition or process. Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Hypogastric: Hypogastric refers to the area below the stomach, typically in the lower abdominal region. 2\. Interosseous: Interosseous means between bones, often referring to structures or tissues found between adjacent bones. 3\. Retrosternal: Retrosternal describes a location or position behind the sternum, the breastbone located at the front of the chest. 4\. Perivascular: Perivascular refers to the area surrounding blood vessels. 5\. Hemiplegia: Hemiplegia is paralysis affecting one side of the body, typically one arm and one leg on the same side. 6\. Polydactyly: Polydactyly is a congenital condition characterized by having extra fingers or toes. 7\. Pancarditis: Pancarditis is inflammation affecting all layers of the heart. 8\. Angiectasis: Angiectasis is the dilation or widening of blood vessels. 9\. Hemorrhage: Hemorrhage is the escape of blood from blood vessels, leading to bleeding. 11. Onychomalacia: Onychomalacia is the softening or degeneration of the nails. Ticket 2 Ex. 1: Definitions of Medical Terms 1\. Dysuria: Dysuria is the medical term for painful or difficult urination, often caused by urinary tract infections or other conditions affecting the urinary system. 2\. Contraindication: Contraindication refers to a specific circumstance or condition in which a particular treatment or medication is not recommended due to potential risks or adverse effects. 3\. Neoplasm: A neoplasm is an abnormal growth or tumor, which can be benign or malignant. 4\. Palliative Care: Palliative care is a specialized medical approach that focuses on providing relief from pain and symptoms for patients with serious illnesses, aiming to improve their quality of life. 5\. Nocturia: Nocturia is a medical term for the frequent need to urinate during the night, interrupting sleep. 6\. Physiotherapist: A physiotherapist, also known as a physical therapist, is a healthcare professional who specializes in providing rehabilitation and physical therapy services to individuals with various medical conditions, injuries, or disabilities. 7\. Cholera: Cholera is a severe and contagious bacterial infection that causes profuse watery diarrhea and dehydration, often transmitted through contaminated water and food. 8\. Lockjaw: Lockjaw, medically known as tetanus, is a serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system, leading to muscle stiffness and spasms, including the jaw muscles. 9\. Vertex Presentation: Vertex presentation refers to the position of a baby during childbirth, where the head is positioned to emerge first from the birth canal. 10\. Iris: The iris is the colored part of the eye, surrounding the pupil and responsible for controlling the amount of light entering the eye. Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. -Plasty: Suffix referring to surgical repair or reconstruction. 2\. -Rrhaphy: Suffix meaning \"suture\" or \"stitching.\" 3\. -Itis: Suffix indicating inflammation. 4\. Neur/o-: Prefix related to nerves or the nervous system. 5\. Oste/o-: Prefix related to bones. 6\. -Logy: Suffix meaning \"the study of\" or \"the science of.\" 7\. Chondro-: Prefix related to cartilage. 8\. -Rrhea: Suffix indicating flow or discharge. 9\. -Ptosis: Suffix indicating a drooping or falling down. 10\. -Cost/o: Combining form related to ribs. Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Rectocele: A rectocele is a herniation of the rectum into the posterior vaginal wall. 2\. Hematemesis: Hematemesis is the vomiting of blood, usually originating from the gastrointestinal tract. 3\. Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to a slower metabolism. 4\. Gastromegaly: Gastromegaly is the enlargement of the stomach. 5\. Tachypnea: Tachypnea refers to abnormally rapid breathing. 6\. Nephroptosis: Nephroptosis, also known as a floating kidney, is the abnormal condition where the kidney drops or moves out of its normal position. 7\. Osteomalacia: Osteomalacia is a softening of the bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D or other mineral imbalances. 8\. Appendicitis: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, often requiring surgical removal. 9\. Arthralgia: Arthralgia is the medical term for joint pain. 12. Uremia: Uremia is a condition characterized by high levels of urea and other waste products in the blood, typically resulting from kidney dysfunction. Ticket 3 Ex. 1: Definitions of Medical Terms 1\. Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, is a medical treatment that uses high-energy radiation to destroy or damage cancer cells and shrink tumors. 2\. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a medical treatment that uses drugs to destroy or inhibit the growth of cancer cells throughout the body. 3\. Periumbilical Rash: A periumbilical rash refers to a skin rash or irritation that occurs around the belly button or umbilicus. 4\. Manikin: A manikin is a human-shaped model or doll used for medical training, simulation, or artistic purposes. 5\. Constipation: Constipation is a condition characterized by infrequent, difficult, or painful bowel movements, often due to the slow movement of stool through the intestines. 6\. Onychotomy: Onychotomy refers to the surgical cutting or removal of a fingernail or toenail. 7\. Intrauterine Device (IUD): An IUD is a small, T-shaped contraceptive device placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. 8\. Chickenpox: Chickenpox is a contagious viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, resulting in an itchy rash with characteristic fluid-filled blisters. 9\. Retina: The retina is the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains cells responsible for capturing light and sending visual signals to the brain. 10\. Optician: An optician is a healthcare professional who specializes in the fitting and dispensing of eyeglasses and contact lenses based on prescriptions provided by optometrists or ophthalmologists. Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. -Algia: Suffix indicating pain. 2\. Amphi-: Prefix meaning \"both\" or \"around.\" 3\. Carp-: Combining form related to the wrist. 4\. Cervic-: Combining form related to the neck. 5\. Dactyl-: Combining form related to fingers or toes. 6\. Pan-: Prefix meaning \"all\" or \"every.\" 7\. Peri-: Prefix meaning \"around\" or \"surrounding.\" 8\. Infra-: Prefix meaning \"below\" or \"beneath.\" 9\. Inter-: Prefix meaning \"between\" or \"among.\" 10\. Cutane/o-: Combining form related to the skin. Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels, often associated with diabetes. 2\. Chondrosarcoma: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor that originates from cartilage cells. 3\. Metacarpal: Metacarpals are the five long bones in the hand, connecting the wrist (carpus) to the fingers (phalanges). 4\. Brachialgia: Brachialgia is a medical term for pain in the arm, specifically along the course of the brachial nerve. 5\. Pneumolith: A pneumolith is a calcified or mineralized stone found within the respiratory system. 6\. Carcinophobia: Carcinophobia is an irrational fear of cancer or its development. 7\. Neoplasia: Neoplasia is the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells, leading to the formation of a tumor or neoplasm. 8\. Rhinoplasty: Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure to alter or reshape the nose for cosmetic or functional reasons. 9\. Hemiplegia: Hemiplegia is paralysis affecting one side of the body, typically one arm and one leg on the same side. 11. Kinesiology: Kinesiology is the study of human movement, including the mechanics and anatomy involved in physical activities. Ticket 5 1\. Angina Pectoris: Angina pectoris is a type of chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and oxygen. It is usually a symptom of coronary artery disease and may manifest as pressure, tightness, or squeezing in the chest. 2\. Mandibular Pain: Mandibular pain refers to pain or discomfort in the lower jawbone or mandible, which may result from various causes, including dental issues, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, or infections. 3\. Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, leading to symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. 4\. Midwife: A midwife is a trained healthcare professional who provides care and support to pregnant women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. 5\. General Hospital: A general hospital is a medical facility that provides a wide range of medical services, including emergency care, surgeries, medical treatment, and specialized care in various medical disciplines. 6\. Pernicious Anemia: Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 due to the body\'s inability to absorb this essential nutrient from the gastrointestinal tract. 7\. Greenstick: Greenstick fracture is an incomplete bone fracture where the bone bends but does not break completely, typically occurring in children whose bones are more flexible. 8\. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones, leading to an overactive metabolism. 9\. Melena: Melena is the passage of dark, tarry stools, usually resulting from bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 10\. Heart Failure: Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. Arthr/o-: Combining form related to joints. 2\. Myc/o-: Combining form related to fungi or mold. 3\. Cyan/o-: Combining form indicating blue or bluish-green color. 4\. Derm/o-: Combining form related to the skin. 5\. -Oma: Suffix indicating a tumor or mass. 6\. Proxim/o-: Combining form referring to nearness or proximity. 7\. Cerv/o-: Combining form related to the neck. 8\. Cyt/o- / -cyte: Combining form and suffix related to cells. 9\. Lith-: Combining form referring to stone or calculus. 10\. -Algia: Suffix indicating pain. Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Rectocele: A rectocele is a herniation or bulging of the rectum into the posterior vaginal wall. 2\. Leukocyte: A leukocyte is a white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system\'s defense against infections and diseases. 3\. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is a heart rhythm disorder characterized by an abnormally slow heart rate, usually less than 60 beats per minute. 4\. Osteomalacia: Osteomalacia is a softening of the bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D or other mineral imbalances. 5\. Dermis: The dermis is the second layer of the skin, located beneath the epidermis, containing blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. 6\. Cyanosis: Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood. 7\. Dermatomycosis: Dermatomycosis is a fungal infection of the skin, also known as a dermatophytosis or ringworm. 8\. Arthralgia: Arthralgia is the medical term for joint pain. 9\. Osteomyelitis: Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone, often caused by bacteria entering the bone through an injury or bloodstream. 11. Hemiplegia: Hemiplegia is paralysis affecting one side of the body, typically one arm and one leg on the same side. TICKET 4 1\. Dementia: Dementia is a collective term for a group of cognitive disorders characterized by a decline in memory, thinking, reasoning, and the ability to perform daily activities, often associated with aging. 2\. Auscultation: Auscultation is a medical examination technique in which a healthcare professional listens to internal body sounds, such as heart and lung sounds, using a stethoscope. 3\. Diplopia: Diplopia is the medical term for double vision, where a person sees two images of a single object. 4\. Squint: Squint, also known as strabismus, is an eye condition where the eyes do not align properly and point in different directions. 5\. Gastrointestinal System: The gastrointestinal system, also known as the digestive system, is the anatomical system responsible for the digestion, absorption, and elimination of food and waste products. 6\. Cadaver: A cadaver is a deceased human body used for anatomical study, medical research, or educational purposes. 7\. Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, leading to symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. 8\. Epidermis: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, providing a protective barrier against the external environment. 9\. Hematuria: Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine, which can indicate various medical conditions affecting the urinary tract. 10\. Palpitation: Palpitation is the sensation of rapid or irregular heartbeats, often described as a pounding or fluttering in the chest. Ex. 2: Definitions of Word Parts, Suffixes, and Prefixes 1\. -Ectomy: Suffix indicating surgical removal or excision. 2\. -Malacia: Suffix meaning \"softening.\" 3\. -Cele: Suffix indicating a hernia or swelling. 4\. Chondr-: Combining form related to cartilage. 5\. -Gram: Suffix indicating a record or image. 6\. Pre-: Prefix meaning \"before\" or \"in front of.\" 7\. My/o-: Combining form related to muscles. 8\. -Rrhexis: Suffix meaning \"rupture\" or \"breaking.\" 9\. Thorac/o-: Combining form related to the chest or thorax. 10\. -Pnea: Suffix indicating \"breathing\" or \"respiration.\" Ex. 3: Definitions of Words 1\. Infrarenal: Infrarenal refers to a location below the kidneys, typically used to describe aortic aneurysms or conditions involving blood vessels in that region. 2\. Retrosternal: Retrosternal describes a location or position behind the sternum, the breastbone located at the front of the chest. 3\. Perivascular: Perivascular refers to the area surrounding blood vessels. 4\. Leukocyte: A leukocyte is a white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system\'s defense against infections and diseases. 5\. Avascular: Avascular refers to a lack of blood vessels or blood supply in a specific area. 6\. Alopecia: Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss or baldness. 7\. Dermatomycosis: Dermatomycosis is a fungal infection of the skin, also known as a dermatophytosis or ringworm. 8\. Erythema: Erythema is a redness of the skin caused by inflammation or dilation of blood vessels. 9\. Rickets: Rickets is a childhood condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, leading to softening and weakening of the bones. 10\. Hysterorrhexis: Hysterorrhexis is the rupture or tearing of the uterus, usually during childbirth or as a complication of uterine surgery.