The History of the Cluj Medical Faculty PDF

THE TRADITION OF THE CLUJ MEDICAL FACULTY Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu **Warning:** The property rights over this teaching material belong exclusively to Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu. **Dissemination in whole or in part, as well as the use of data in studies, books, etc., without the consent of the autho...

THE TRADITION OF THE CLUJ MEDICAL FACULTY Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu **Warning:** The property rights over this teaching material belong exclusively to Prof. Dr. Cristian Bârsu. **Dissemination in whole or in part, as well as the use of data in studies, books, etc., without the consent of the author and without being cited are strictly prohibited!** [The prelude] The beginnings of higher education in Transylvania were made in Cluj, at the end of the Middle Ages and in the Renaissance. In 1775 the \"Medical-Surgical School\" was founded in Cluj. Here he taught the famous ophthalmologist Ioan Piuariu-Molnar (1749-1815).\ This school was transformed into the \"Medical-Surgical Institute\" in 1818.\ The Faculty of Medicine in Cluj was founded in 1872, within the \"Ferencz Jozsef\" University of Cluj. The faculty was formed by the development of the Medical-Surgical Institute.\ As examples of significant professors of the Hungarian Faculty of Medicine in Cluj, were: Zsigmond Purjesz (1846-1919) - internist, Aurel Török (1842-1892) - anatomist, Károly Lechner (1855-1922) - neuro-psychiatrist and others.\ \ The entire University - including Medicine - ended its existence in Cluj in 1919.\ \ \ **[The Romanian higher education in Cluj]** The Romanian higher education in Cluj was created shortly after the Union of Transylvania with Romania, in the summer and autumn of 1919. Then it was a particularly difficult historical moment, after the signing of the Peace Treaty of Versailles and before the elaboration of the Peace Treaty of Trianon.\ The takeover of the \"Ferencz Jozsef\" University of Cluj by the Romanian authorities took place on May 12, 1919, being coordinated by Onisifor Ghibu - as a delegate of the Governing Council of Transylvania.\ In order to be thoroughly established on a democratic basis, the Romanian University of Cluj was set up in the summer of 1919, the \"University Commission\". The president of this working group was Prof. Sextil Puşcariu.\ \ The University Commission has selected the most valuable candidates for the positions of professor and associate professor.\ The Medical Section of the Commission consisted of:\ \ ♣ Prof. Dr. Gheorghe Marinescu -- neurologist ♣ Prof. Dr. Ernest Juvara-- surgeon ♣ Prof. Dr. Mihail Manicatide-- pediatrician and representatives of Transylvanian doctors: Iuliu Haţieganu and Iuliu Moldovan. What does Medical School (in general) mean? The school is initiated by a valuable teacher, who becomes a founder. He has important disciples. From among them, new masters were formed in time.\ Each graduate promotion carries forward the guiding principles of ethics and medical humanism of their master. In the Cluj Medical School there are different schools, by specialties of medicine:\ the School of Internal Medicine, the School of Surgery, the School of Anatomy, etc. **The Cluj School of Internal Medicine** Iuliu Hațieganu (founder of this School) Ioan Goia Leon Daniello Ion Gavrilă Aurel Moga Octavian Fodor Viorel Gligore V. Moisescu Liviu Comes Roman Vlaicu D. Dumitrașcu The clinics run by Hațieganu\'s disciples: Ioan Goia, then Viorel Gligore - in Medical Semiology Leon Daniello, followed by Virgiliu Moisescu - in Pneumo-phthisiology (specialty that studies respiratory diseases, especially pulmonary tuberculosis) Ion Gavrilă and Liviu Comes - in Contagious Diseases Aurel Moga, succeeded by Ştefan Hărăguş, then by Roman Vlaicu - at the First Internal Clinic\ \ Octavian Fodor, then Dumitru Dumitrașcu - at the Third Internal Clinic.\ Currently, the Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology is named after Fodor.\ \ The Clinical Hospital of Pneumo-Phthisiology in Cluj-Napoca is called Leon Daniello. What were the departments founded in Cluj for the first time in Romania? During the interwar period, the following departments were established at the medical faculty in Cluj, which did not exist in Bucharest or Iași: \- Dentistry \- ENT \- Radiology \- Medical semiology \- History of Medicine \- Balneology. Prestigious French professors, who were employed at the Faculty of Medicine in Cluj, during the interwar period:\ Jules Guiart - the History of Medicine Pierre Thomas -- Biochemistry René Jeannel - in Biology - Genetics. The books of the professors of the Faculty of Medicine from Cluj, elaborated for the first time in Romania: \- The Elementary Treatise on Semiology and Medical Pathology, edited by Iuliu Haţieganu and Goia (1934-1938) \- The Elementary Treatise on Anatomy, by Victor Papilian \- The Treatise on Histology, written by Ioan Drăgoiu etc.\ \ The departments of the Romanian Faculty of Medicine in Cluj and their management\ in the period 1919-1940 1\. Descriptive and topographical anatomy - Victor Papilian 2\. Ioan Drăgoiu Histology 3\. Physiology -- Ioan Niţescu, then Grigore Benetato 4\. Pathological anatomy - Victor Babeş (he was a teacher only in the first semester of 1919/1920), then TituVasiliu Babeş was the founder of the Romanian School of Pathological Anatomy and Bacteriology.\ (NOT to confuse Victor Babeş with Aurel Babeş) 5\. General and experimental pathology (hereinafter referred to as Pathophysiology) -\ Constantin Levaditi (he was a teacher only in the first semester of 1920/1921), later the head was Mihai Botez 6\. Hygiene and Social Hygiene - Iuliu Moldovan In 1930, Moldovan drafted a very modern health law for the whole of Romania. He insisted on disease prevention. 7\. Medical Clinic - Iuliu Haţieganu Hațieganu founded in the first interwar decade, in Cluj:\ - the first anti-tuberculosis dispensary in Romania\ - the first antiveneric dispensary in Romania\ - the first dispensary for physical education in Romania\ -the first sports park\ He also set up the first consultation office for the poor population in Cluj. 8\. Surgical Clinic -- Iacob Iacobovici, then Alexandru Pop 9\. Neurological Clinic - Ion Minea 10\. Psychiatric Clinic - Constantin Ureche 11\. Obstetrics and gynecology - Cristea Grigoriu 12\. Dermatology and venereal diseases - Stefan Gh. Nicolau, then Coriolan Tătaru. Tătaru founded a valuable Museum of wax pieces, which represent various dermatological and venereal lesions. 13\. Pediatrics -- Titu Gane 14\. Ophthalmology - Dumitru Michail 15\. Forensic medicine - Nicolae Minovici (NOT to be confused with his brother, who was also a forensic doctor - Mina Minovici) Nicolae Minovici founded a remarkable Museum of Folk Art in Băneasa, which he donated to the Romanian State. He also founded the Ambulance Service in Bucharest, the first in Romania. 16\. Biochemistry - Pierre Thomas - French professor hired by contract. Later the owner was Ion Manta 17\. Dentistry - Gheorghe Bilaşcu, then Ioan Aleman\ Bilascu managed: \- to establish the first specialized department in Romania \- to set up the first dental journal in Romania \- to organize the first professional association of dentists in Romania 18\. Otorhinolaryngology - Ion Predescu-Rion, followed by Gheorghe Buzoianu 19\. Radiology -- Dimitrie Negru Negru wrote the most extensive and complex Radiology Treatise in Romania, from the first half of the 20th century. Professors of the Faculty of Medicine from Cluj who studied in Vienna\ or in Berlin Name Vienna Berlin --- ------------------ -------- -------- 1 Victor Babeș \+ \+ 2 Iuliu Hatieganu \+ \- 3 Nicolae Minovici \- \+ 4 Dimitrie Negru \+ \- 5 Iuliu Moldovan \+ \- 6 Titu Gane \+ \- 7\. Titu Vasiliu - + Professors who studied in Paris +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Victor Babes | | | | | | Nicolae Minovici | | | | | | Constantin Levaditi | | +===================================+===================================+ | Ion Dragoiu | | | | | | Titu Gane | | | | | | Dimitrie Negru | | | | | | Dumitru Michail | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | A. The first period of existence | | | of the Romanian Faculty of | | | Medicine in Cluj | | | | | | enjoyed full recognition due | | | to the presence in the | | | faculty of scientists of | | | great national and | | | international prestige, such | | | prestige as: Victor Babeş, | | | Constantin Levaditi, Nicolae | | | Minovici etc. | | | | | | B**)** During the period | | | 1940-1945 it was the refuge of | | | the Faculty in Sibiu. | | | | | | C\) A short period followed - | | | 1945-1947, when the Faculty | | | partially managed to develop, | | | in Cluj. | | | | | | D\) In 1948, the Faculty of | | | Medicine was separated from the | | | rest of the University of Cluj. | | | The faculty represented the | | | nucleus for the formation of | | | the Cluj Institute of Medicine | | | and Pharmacy. | | | | | | E\) After the events of December | | | 1989, the modernization of | | | higher medical education in | | | Cluj took place and its | | | adaptation to the models from | | | Western Europe, with some | | | influences from the USA. | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+