Engineered Nanomaterials PDF

UNIT 3: The Chemistry of Engineering Materials CHAPTER X ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS ENGR. ARVIN CASTOR PANOPIO INSTRUCTOR, SCI 401 INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NANOMATERIALS The term "nano" is derived from the Greek word nanos, meaning "dwarf" or "extremely small". In scientific and te...

UNIT 3: The Chemistry of Engineering Materials CHAPTER X ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS ENGR. ARVIN CASTOR PANOPIO INSTRUCTOR, SCI 401 INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NANOMATERIALS The term "nano" is derived from the Greek word nanos, meaning "dwarf" or "extremely small". In scientific and technological contexts, it typically refers to one-billionth of something, represented by the metric prefix nano- (n). "Nano" represents 10^−9 or one-billionth of a unit. For example, a nanometer (nm) is one-billionth of a meter, which is used to measure atomic and molecular structures. NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanomaterials has attractive properties and amazing technological possibilities, which can be any one of the four basic types -metals, ceramics, polymers or composites. Nanotechnology is the process of designing, fabricating and utilizing of materials, structures and devices which is less than 100nm  ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS Engineered nanomaterials are materials designed and manufactured at the nanometer scale (typically between 1 and 100 nanometers) to have specific properties or functions. Their unique characteristics arise from their small size, large surface area-to-volume ratio, and the quantum effects that become significant at this scale. These materials are used in a wide range of applications, from medicine and electronics to environmental protection and energy storage. TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS NANOPARTICLES A nanoparticle is a small particle that ranges between 1 to 100 nanometers in size. Undetectable by the human eye, nanoparticles can exhibit significantly different physical and chemical properties to their larger material counterparts. PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Magnetism Medicine Optical Industry Mechanical Consumer Products Thermal Agriculture Crystal structure Food processing TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS NANOTUBES A nanotube is defined as a tube-like structure at the nanometer-scale, typically measuring 3-30 nm in outer diameter. PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Electrical Conductivity Electronics and Computing Thermal Conductivity Energy Storage and Mechanical Properties Generation Chemical Stability Medical Applications Electron Emission Energy storage Materials and Construction Biomedical applications Environmental Water purification Applications Catalyst support Aerospace and Defense TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS NANOWIRES Nanowires are nanostructures with a diameter of tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. They are metallic or semiconducting particles with unique properties due to their small size. PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Electrical Sensing Optical Electronics Thermal Energy storage Magnetic Biomedical Catalytic Mechanical Photonics Chemical Quantum computing Surface-to-volume ratio Manufacturing Low defect density TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS NANOSHEETS A nanosheet is a two-dimensional nanostructure with a thickness of 1–100 nanometers. Nanosheets are made up of atomic hybridization that forms chemical bonds, giving them a lamellar structure. PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Structure Biomedical Mechanical strength Electronics Large surface area Sensing Optical transparency Wearable sensors Tunable thickness Supercapacitors and fuel Electronic properties cells Anti-fouling TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS NANOCAPSULES AND NANOCARRIERS Nanocapsules are a type of nanocarrier that are used to transport drugs, enzymes, and other bioactives PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Size Pharmaceuticals Composition Food Drug delivery Cosmetics Controlled release Agriculture Biocompatibility Encapsulation efficiency Topical application Drug targeting Ease of preparation TYPES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS QUANTUM DOTS Quantum dots are semiconductor nanocrystals that are a few nanometers in size and have unique optical and electronic properties. They are a central topic in nanotechnology and materials science. PROPERTIES APPLICATIONS Optical Properties Biomedical Imaging The tiny nanoparticles have diameters that range Electronics and Energy from 2 nanometers to 10 nanometers. The particles Food Science differ in color depending on their size. Photovoltaic Quantum dots emit light when excited, with smaller Catalysis dots emitting higher energy light. Manufacturers can accurately control the size of a quantum dot and Light-emitting diodes as a result, they are able to ‘tune’ the wavelength of Photoconductors the emitted light to a specific color. Photodetectors PROPERTIES OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS High Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio Quantum Effects Enhanced Mechanical Properties Tailorable Properties  APPLICATIONS MEDICINE Drug Delivery Nanoparticles can be engineered to target specific cells or tissues, improving the efficacy and reducing side effects of drugs.. Imaging and Diagnostics Quantum dots and other nanomaterials are used for high- resolution imaging and diagnostic assays.  APPLICATIONS ELECTRONICS Transistors and Sensors Nanowires and nanotubes are used to create smaller, more efficient electronic components and sensors.. Displays Nanomaterials are used in display technologies for better color resolution and energy efficiency.  APPLICATIONS ENERGY Solar Cells Nanomaterials can improve the efficiency of photovoltaic cells by enhancing light absorption and charge transport.. Batteries and Supercapacitors Nanomaterials are used to increase the capacity and performance of energy storage devices.  APPLICATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Catalysis Nanocatalysts are used to accelerate chemical reactions for environmental remediation.. Water Treatment Nanomaterials can remove contaminants from water through adsorption, filtration, or photocatalysis.  APPLICATIONS MATERIALS SCIENCE Composite Materials Nanomaterials are used to strengthen or modify the properties of composites in automotive, aerospace, and construction applications. THANK YOU ENGR. ARVIN CASTOR PANOPIO