ENG 5083 PLC Complete PDF

ENG 5083 Programmable Logic Controller Instructor: Celestino Cole Definition of PLC PLC is defined as Programmable Logic Controller. ❖ The primary purpose of PLC is to control industrial processes by monitoring inputs and controlling outputs based on Programmed logic. Main Parts of PLC PL...

ENG 5083 Programmable Logic Controller Instructor: Celestino Cole Definition of PLC PLC is defined as Programmable Logic Controller. ❖ The primary purpose of PLC is to control industrial processes by monitoring inputs and controlling outputs based on Programmed logic. Main Parts of PLC PLC has 5 main parts. A. Power Supply - Provides the necessary electrical power to the PLC and its components B. Input Module - receive signals from sensors and input devices. C. Output Module - send signals to actuators. D. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - Serves as the brain of the PLC, where it processes data, executes control instructions, and manages the overall operation of the PLC. E. Programming device – use to create and configure the programmed logic (typically a computer). PLC Operation How PLC Operates? A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) continuously monitors the status of input devices and makes decisions based on a customized program to control the state of output devices. Upon receiving signal from input sensors or devices, the PLC processes the data based on its programmed logic. It then sends signal to output devices or actuator, which perform actions such as starting or stopping motors, opening or closing valves, or displaying information.  How To Program PLC The ladder diagram A. Rails – the vertical lines located at end to end of the diagram that represent the power supply. B. Rung -The horizontal lines that connect the two rails and contain the control logic, representing the actual control instructions for the PLC. C. Input Contact - Symbolize the input devices, such as switches, sensors, and push-buttons. D. Output Coil - Represent the output devices that are controlled by the logic of the rungs, like motors, lights, or relays. Basic PLC Instruction Normally Open Contact A Normally Open contact represents a switch that is open when at rest and does not allow electrical current to pass through. The contact becomes closed when the switch is pressed. Basic PLC Instruction Normally Closed Contact A Normally Closed contact represents a switch that is closed when at rest, allowing electrical current to pass through. The contact becomes open when the switch is pressed. PLC Input and Output  Power Supply - Terminal Siemens LOGO PLC Power Supply + Terminal Input Terminals + Terminal – the terminal where the positive side of the power supply is connected. - Terminal – the terminal where the negative side of the power supply is connected. Input Terminals - where the PLC receives signals from the field devices, like switches, sensors, and other input devices Output terminals – where the PLC send control signals to actuate devices, such as motors, relays, or lights. Output Terminals PLC Input Devices Normally Open Normally Closed Switches Push button Push button Note: there are still many input devices that can be connected to PLC for complex processes. Connecting Input Devices to PLC Input devices are connected to a PLC to provide it with real-time data regarding the state of various elements in a system, Note: there are still many input devices that can be connected to PLC for complex processes.  Relay PLC Output Devices PLC 24 V External Circuit 220 VAC Pilot Light - A pilot is used to visually Relay- an electrically operated switch that represent the status of a specific allows the PLC to control higher voltage function or condition within a PLC- loads that could not be connected directly. controlled process. Connecting Output Devices to PLC Output devices are connected to a PLC by wiring the device to the PLC's output terminals, with the PLC providing control signals to actuate the device based on the programmed logic Note: there are still many output devices that can be connected to PLC for complex processes. Confirm your knowledge Confirm your knowledge 1. The primary purpose of PLC is to control industrial input processes by monitoring ___________ and controlling output _________ Programmed logic based on ____________________. Confirm your knowledge 2. Identify whether the labelled component is an input or output. input D output E C output A B input input Confirm your knowledge 2. Identify whether the labelled component is an input or output. E D C A B Confirm your knowledge 3. How PLC Operates? Example: monitor control Water level control D output E Programmable input Logic Controller output (decision) Machine or process being controlled C Confirm your knowledge 4. Identify main parts of Siemens LOGO PLC (-)Power Supply (+)Power Input Terminals Supply Output Terminals Confirm your knowledge 4. Identify main parts of Siemens LOGO PLC B A C D  Confirm your knowledge 5. Identify main parts of ladder diagram Rail Input Contacts Output Coil Rung Confirm your knowledge 5. Identify main parts of ladder diagram Confirm your knowledge 6. Identify Input contacts and its characteristics Normally Open Contact Initially, the contact is [ open / close ]. When the contact is pressed the contact becomes [open/close] Confirm your knowledge 7. Identify Input contacts and its characteristics Normally close Contact Initially, the contact is [ open / close ]. When the contact is pressed the contact becomes [open/close] PLC Counter PLC Relay PLC Counter PLC counters are internal PLC instructions that can be used to count input or output signals in the PLC Program. Confirm your knowledge 1. The primary purpose of PLC is to control industrial input processes by monitoring ___________ and controlling output _________ Programmed logic based on ____________________. Confirm your knowledge 2. Identify whether the labelled component is an input or output. input D output E C output A B input input Confirm your knowledge 2. Identify whether the labelled component is an input or output. E D C A B Confirm your knowledge 3. How PLC Operates? Example: monitor control Water level control D output E Programmable input Logic Controller output (decision) Machine or process being controlled C Confirm your knowledge 4. Identify main parts of Siemens LOGO PLC (-)Power Supply (+)Power Input Terminals Supply Output Terminals Confirm your knowledge 4. Identify main parts of Siemens LOGO PLC B A C D  Confirm your knowledge 5. Identify main parts of ladder diagram Rail Input Contacts Output Coil Rung Confirm your knowledge 5. Identify main parts of ladder diagram Confirm your knowledge 6. Identify Input contacts and its characteristics Normally Open Contact Initially, the contact is [ open / close ]. When the contact is pressed the contact becomes [open/close] Confirm your knowledge 7. Identify Input contacts and its characteristics Normally close Contact Initially, the contact is [ open / close ]. When the contact is pressed the contact becomes [open/close] What is a relay? Relay is an electrically operated switch, that is used to control a circuit by means of electromagnetic mechanism.  How to use Relay in PLC? +240 VAC Line contact Neutral Relay 220 V Neutral coil +24 VAC Line  Relay in PLC Relay is used in PLC when to control loads with voltages that are not similar to the PLC output. Motor that drives water pump (380 Volts) Motor that drives elevator (380 Volts) Motor that drives escalator (380 Volts) PLC Wiring System  Wiring Input Devices +240 VAC Line Neutral PLC Program Cable Neutral +24 VAC Line  Wiring Input and Output Devices ENG 5083 Task 4- Summative Assessment Name: +24 VDC/ Line Student number: 0 V/ Neutral Neutral PLC Program Cable +24 VAC Line  PLC Relay Circuit ENG 5083 Task 4- Summative Assessment Name: +240 VAC Line Student number: Neutral Relay contact Contactor coil 220 V Neutral Contactor voltage supply +24 VAC Line Relay coil A. B. Siemens LOGO PLC Counter C.