Energy Efficiency in Lighting Systems PDF

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN LIGHTINING SYSTEMS MERVE GÜLSÜM ŞENGEL 20050711034 ESMANUR YAVUZ 21050751002 16.10.2024 1  CONTENTS What is Energy Efficient Lighting? What is the Need for Energy...

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN LIGHTINING SYSTEMS MERVE GÜLSÜM ŞENGEL 20050711034 ESMANUR YAVUZ 21050751002 16.10.2024 1  CONTENTS What is Energy Efficient Lighting? What is the Need for Energy Efficient Lighting? Re-lamping with Energy- Efficient Lights Improving Lighting Controls Replacing of Existing Fixtures and Ballasts How Should the Right Bulb Selection be Made? Conclusion 2 What is Energy Efficient Lighting? When the energy usage of a product is reduced without affecting its output or final response or user comfort levels is referred as energy efficiency. An energy efficient product consumes less energy to perform the same function when compared to the same product with more energy consumption. Energy efficient lighting involves the replacement of traditional lamps with that of energy efficient such as fluorescent lamps, CFL (compact fluorescent lamp) lamps, and LED (light-emitting diode) lamps. It also incorporates proper lighting controls such as timer controls, PIR (Passive Infrared Sensor) and ultrasonic sensors-based controls, etc. 3  What is the Need for Energy Efficient Lighting? Lighting is the basic requirement of any facility and impacts people's day-to-day activities. This accounts a considerable amount of total energy consumption in domestic, commercial and industrial installations. In industries, energy consumption for lighting constitutes only a small component of the total energy consumed, which is nearly 2- 5 percent of total energy consumption. It accounts for 50 to 90 per cent in the domestic sector and it may go up to 20-40 percent in case of commercial /building sectors, information technology complexes, and hotels. So, it becomes an important area wherein energy to be conserved, especially in the domestic sector. Lighting efficiency solutions therefore play a key role in energy saving opportunities. 4 Tips, Tricks & Techniques to Implement Energy-Efficient Lighting Energy saving in lighting, low-efficiency, and high-efficiency light sources instead of sources by using and taking some simple precautions can be provided. For example: - When buying lamps, high-efficiency ones are preferred should be. Lamp selections highest lumens/watt it should be done according to the ratio (efficiency factor) - Unused areas should not be illuminated. - Timers, photocells or approach controlling the lighting by means of sensors, it is important in terms of energy saving. - Halogen to prevent energy loss and instead of regular bulbs, fluorescent bulbs should be used. Thus, 40% of the energy savings can be achieved. - Compact fluorescent instead of incandescent fluorescent lamp the use of lamps saves up to 80% energy provides… 5 1. Re-lamping with Energy-Efficient Lights Energy efficient lamps can deliver the same amount of lighting with greater energy saving at low cost, when compared with conventional lamps. Traditional incandescent lamps consume a lot of energy to produce light in which 90 percent of consumed energy is given off as heat and also they consume more energy, typically 3-5 times more than the actual amount to produce light. Energy efficient lamps overcome these problems by offering many more advantages than incandescent lamps. The two most popular choices of energy efficient light bulbs include CFLs (compact fluorescent lamp) and LED (light emitting diode) lamps. 6  a. Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) CFLs use 75 percent less energy and produce 75 percent less heat for producing the same amount of illumination as compared with incandescent lamps. They last 10 to 15 times longer and cost 10 to 20 more as compared to incandescent lamps. These lamps are made with a phosphorous glass tube consisting of inert gas (argon) and mercury vapor. They use an electronic ballast to create high voltage during the starting and it can be a separate unit or a permanently built in lamp. Some special and older models of CFLs come with separate ballast while some CFLs come with inbuilt ballast. When an electric current is passed through the electrodes, the electrons that are bound to mercury atoms are excited which in turn emits ultraviolet light. As UV light strikes the fluorescent coating, it will be converted into visible light. 7  b.Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) LEDs are solid-state semiconductor devices and are more energy efficient than even CFLs. They produce little heat and higher quality lighting than any other lamp. At the time of inception the usage of LEDs was limited as single bulb indicators in electronic circuits. Later a number of LEDs are clustered to develop small lamps in battery-powered devices such as charging lights, flashlights, etc. Today, LED lamps are available in many new bulb styles which are bright enough to replace traditional incandescent lamps. 8 LED lamps use 75 percent less energy than traditional incandescent and 50 percent less energy than that of a CFL. They can last 8-25 times longer compared to incandescent and up to four times longer than a CFL. Unlike incandescent and CFLs, LED lamps produce no heat and hence they are cool enough to touch. But, these are more expensive; however, they are affordable over the long run. LEDs are made up of semiconductor materials to form PN junctions. Whenever current flows across these junctions, it releases the energy in the form of a light. The wavelength and hence the color of the light depends on the composition of materials. LEDs can generate yellow, red, blue, green and white light. For lighting purpose several white color LEDs are stacked as clusters to produce required lighting for an application. 9  10 Comparison chart for incandescent, CFL and LED bulbs. 11  2. Improving Lighting Controls Lighting can be controlled with the use of various sensors to allow the operation of lamps whenever they are needed. These sensors detect the presence of humans, motion, timing or occupancy and based on the sensor output, it switches the lamps ON and OFF. Types of these controls include infrared sensors, automatic timers, motion sensors (PIR and ultrasonic sensors), and dimmers. Photo sensors monitor the daylight conditions and accordingly send the signals to main controller to turn the lamps automatically off at dawn and on at dusk. This type of lighting control is commonly used with street lighting and outdoor lighting. 12  3. Replacing of Existing Fixtures and Ballasts Replacing energy inefficient accessories with new energy efficient fixtures and ballast gives superior energy savings, longevity, and reliability. The main function of a luminaire or lighting fixture is to distribute, direct and diffuse light. Some fixtures can absorb more than half of the illumination emitted the bulb that reduces the efficiency of the lighting. The higher efficiency fixtures can emit more light and hence one can save energy and money. Such fixtures consist of reflectors to direct the light in a desired direction. 13 14  How Should the Right Bulb Selection be Made? 1 2 3 4 5 Lighting need: First Brightness level: The Color temperature: The Service life: The Bulb type: When color temperature of the of all, determine choosing a bulb, it is brightness level of the service life of light which area needs to bulbs is measured in bulbs determines how the bulbs varies important to determine light will look visually. be illuminated and which type of bulb to use. lumens. Bulbs with a The color temperature is depending on the what kind of lighting Compact fluorescent high lumen value are expressed in Kelvin (K) material used and the is needed. A softer lamps (CFL) and LED preferred to the units. Lower Kelvin quality. The long life and warmer light is bulbs are energy-efficient moon.You should values provide a cooler of the bulb saves preferred in some options and often replace choose the light. When providing a energy and cost. traditional incandescent warm light to the areas areas, while a brighter bulbs. But each type of appropriate brightness and cooler light may level depending on the you want to illuminate it bulb has its own unique is important to choose be preferred in other characteristics, so you size of the area you the appropriate color areas. should choose the one want to illuminate. temperature for a higher that best suits your needs. color. 15 CONCLUSION Energy saving, made by extinguishing one of two light bulbs not a restriction, but within the conditions of needs and comfort, extra it should mean saving the consumed energy. Applications that encourage saving in electricity consumption it should be left. An awareness of saving energy should be created, and this educational brochures should be prepared on the subject. Saving and necessary legal regulations on efficiency issues it should be done. Efficient use of electrical energy central projects should be developed in this area, especially in the sectors where electrical energy is used intensively technologies that consume less electricity should be developed. Low energy in electrical appliances and lighting consuming models should be switched to. 16 REFERENCES https://www.borled.com.tr/teknik-bilgiler/aydi nlatmada-kullanilan-lambalar/ (14.10.2024) https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1MSR BIuYwPwOYHEqBjFXWlW9KU8gfdlQG (14.10.2024) https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1MSR BIuYwPwOYHEqBjFXWlW9KU8gfdlQG (15.10.2024) 17 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING … 18