Endocrine System - Advanced PDF

Endocrine system - advanced 1. Which gland is under direct neural control from the hypothalamus? a) Anterior Pituitary gland b) Adrenal gland c) Mammary gland d) Thyroid gland 2. Which hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus? a) Gluco...

Endocrine system - advanced 1. Which gland is under direct neural control from the hypothalamus? a) Anterior Pituitary gland b) Adrenal gland c) Mammary gland d) Thyroid gland 2. Which hormone(s) inhibit(s) the secretion of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus? a) Glucocorticoids (cortisol & corticosterone) b) Adrenocorticotropic hormone c) Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 3. How does the hypothalamus regulate the anterior pituitary gland? a) Direct neural control b) Neurosecretion from axon terminals originating in hypothalamus c) Hypothalamic releasing hormones (RH) d) Paracrine communication 4. How does the hypothalamus regulate the posterior pituitary gland? a) Direct neural control b) Neurosecretion from axon terminals originating in hypothalamus c) Hypothalamic releasing hormones (RH) d) Paracrine communication 5. How do triodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) regulate their own secretion? a) Inhibit secretion of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) only. b) Inhibit secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) only. c) Inhibit secretion of both thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). d) Autoregulation of T3 and T4 release at the thyroid gland. 6. Which pancreatic hormone would you expect to be released after eating a bar of chocolate? a) Insulin b) Glucagon c) Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GI-IH) d) Pancreatic polypeptide 7. Which hormone level would you expect to be elevated during a period of fasting between meals? a) Glucocorticoids b) Glucagon c) Glucagon & Glucocorticoids d) Insulin 8. Which hormone level would you expect to be elevated during prolonged starvation? a) Glucocorticoids b) Glucagon c) Glucagon & Glucocorticoids d) Insulin 9. What is the main target tissue for mineralocorticoids? a) Kidney b) Hypothalamus c) Pitutitary gland d) Bladder 10. Which of the following regulates secretion parathyroid hormone (PTH) a) Ca2+ concentration b) Calcitonin concentration c) Vitamin D d) All of the other options 11. Steroid hormones easliy pass through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion because they: a) are hydrophilic b) are water soluble c) are lipid soluble d) enter through pores 12. Most commonly, hormone release is controlled by a) positive feedback b) negative feedback c) biofeedback d) feed forward 13. Role of hormones: a) regulate metabolism b) stimulate gamete production c) control growth d) all of the other options 14. The hypothalamus can inhibit the release of: a) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) b) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) c) Folicle stimulating hormone (FSH) d) Gonadotropic hormone (GH) 15. Peptide hormones exert their effect via: a) Membrane receptors of target cells b) Synaptic transmission c) Nuclear receptors of target cells d) Cytosolic receptors in target cells 16. The action of Angiotensin II is opposed by: a) Natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) b) Insulin c) Vasopressin (ADH) d) Cholecystokinin (CCK) 17. Which of the following is NOT a part of the pituitary gland: a) Anterior lobe (Adenohypophysis) b) Posterior lobe (Neurohypophysis) c) Superior lobe (Cerebrohypophysis) d) Lamina intermedia 18. Follicle stimulating hormone in males supports: a) Maturation of sperm b) Development of muscle and strength c) Production of male sex hormones d) Increased desire for sexual activity 19. A cell's hormonal sensitivities are determined by the: a) Chemical structure of the hormone b) Quantity of circulating hormone c) Shape of hormone molecules d) Presence of appropriate receptors 20. What four cell populations make up the endocrine pancreas? I - Alpha cells; II - Beta cells; III - Gamma cells ; IV - Delta cells; V - Kappa cells; VI - F cells; VII - T cells a) I, II, III, IV b) I, II, IV, VI c) I, II, VI, VII d) IV, V, VI, VII 21. Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the pancreas? a) Insulin b) Glucagon c) Somatostatin d) Growth hormone 22. What is the primary difference in the way the nervous system (NS) and endocrine system (ES) communicate with their target cells? a) Time course and specificity of responses b) Intracellular and extracellular transmission c) Ions are only involved in NS communication d) No difference 23. Which gland is controlled by the sympathetic nervous sytem and the endocrine system? a) Liver b) Adrenal c) Thyroid d) Pons 24. Which structure is responsible for integrating the responses of the endocrine and nervous systems? a) Pituitary gland b) Medulla oblongata c) Hypothalamus d) Pons 25. Which of the following are INCORRECTLY paired? a) Adrenaline: increased glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle b) Insulin: increased protein synthesis c) Glucagon: increased gluconeogenesis d) Progesterone: increased plasma glucose levels