Earth and Life Science Quarter 2 Module 1 PDF

Earth and Life Science Quarter 2 – Module 1: Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Earth and Life Science Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of...

Earth and Life Science Quarter 2 – Module 1: Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Earth and Life Science Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Vivan A. Novales, Rhodora G. Bautista Editors: Melanie I. Samudio, Jocelyn M. Manset Reviewers: Jason Ricaforte, Elizabeth A. Soriano, Princess Paolah L. De Guzman, Marissa C. Betchaida, Louie L. Alvarez, Gregorio M. De Chavez Jr, Jocelyn M. Manset, Mario B. Maramot, Elaine T. Balaogan Job S. Zape Jr, Annalee M. Noche, Mark Anthony M. Huelgas, Norberto D. Butiong Jr. Illustrators: Ednelinda Robles, Cherry Amor Laroza, Lovely Joy La Rosa, Charles Erick A. Jusay, Sandro Carlo B. Tablizo Layout Artists: Elizalde L. Piol, Anselma M. Ebero, Jocelyn M. Manset Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas Job S. Zape Jr. Eugenio S. Adrao Elaine T. Balaogan Merthel M. Evardome Nadine C. Celindro Nicolas M. Burgos Mario B. Maramot Fe M. Ong-ongowan Rosalinda A. Mendoza Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region 4A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Brgy. San Isidro, Cainta, Rizal Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-4914/8647-7487 E-mail Address: [email protected] Earth and Life Science Quarter 2 – Module 1: Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence Introductory Message This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning. Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Thank you.  What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the nature of Biology. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module covers: Lesson 1 – Historical Development of the Concepts of Life Learning Competency: Explain the evolving concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence. (S11/12LT-IIa-1) After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. identify the sequence of events of the history of life on earth; 2. name the pieces of evidence on the evolution of life on earth; and 3. recognize the importance of knowing the history of life on earth. 1 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What I Know Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Dinosaurs are reptiles that existed for a very long time. Which era did these organisms evolve? a. Cenozoic Era b. Mesozoic Era c. Paleozoic Era d. Proterozoic Era 2. What are the first photosynthetic organisms that grew well on earth? a. bryophyllum b. cyanobacteria c. stromatolites d. zircon crystal 3. The oxygen revolution changed Earth’s environment dramatically. Which of the following adaptations took advantage of the presence of free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere? a. The evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen to help harvest energy from organic molecules. b. The evolution of chloroplasts after early protists incorporated photosynthetic cyanobacteria c. The evolution of multicellular eukaryotic colonies from communities of prokaryotes. d. The evolution of photosynthetic pigments that protected early algae from the corrosive effects of oxygen. 4. Why did it take millions of years for life to appear on Earth after the planet had formed? a. It took millions of years for RNA to replace DNA. b. The planet had warmed up enough to sustain life. c. The planet had cooled down enough to sustain life. d. Life on Earth could begin only when seedlings arrived on our planet from other worlds. 5. Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth? a. eukaryotic and aerobic b. eukaryotic and anaerobic c. prokaryotic and aerobic d. prokaryotic and anaerobic 2 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 6. What are called the remains of living organism used in understanding the history of life on earth? a. bone b. fossils c. seeds d. shells 7. Which statement is NOT true of fossils? a. Plants can form fossils. b. Some bacteria can form fossils. c. Most extinct organisms have been preserved. d. A small percent of extinct organisms is preserved. 8. Which of the following can be considered as a fossil? a. a billion-year old rock b. a billion-year old piece of amber c. a billion-year old amber with a primitive insect inside d. the choices are all correct 9. What unique substance do researchers look after in their study of eukaryotes? a. biomarkers b. fossils c. mitochondria d. stromatolites 10. What is the evidence for a last universal common ancestor among life on earth? a. They are all aerobic. b. They all look the same. c. They all have the same synthesis pattern. d. They share the same underlying molecular biology. 11. Which statement best shows the main significance of studying the past? a. The past is attractive to look back. b. It will give jobs for many scientists and paleontologists. c. It will allow them to think what they need to study. d. Understanding the past allows us to predict the future and help in creating it. 12. One significance of knowing the history of life is to determine the origin of one living organism. According to researchers, which of the following are the only surviving species of the genus Homo and one of the living evidences that life has existed on Earth? a. birds b. dinosaurs c. human beings d. sponges 3 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 13. Over the past decades, there are challenges that the environment has faced. Pandemics affected the lives of various living organisms. What is the significance of knowing this history? a. It will give them an income. b. They will just be informed about it. c. It will lead them to know the history of life. d. It will give an idea on how medical world will seek for the treatment. 14. The following statements are challenges for the researchers in finding and identifying signs of early cells. Which is not part of the group? a. Materials and testing laboratories are not available. b. Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize c. Slightly younger rocks have been heated up and undergone other processes d. Tectonic plate movements have destroyed nearly all rocks older than about 4 billion years 15. The study of history of life is significant in many aspects. The stromatolites played a significant role as a source of evidence. What is stromatolite? a. It is found in animals. b. It is produced by endosymbiosis. c. It formed during volcanic eruptions. d. It consists of layered bacteria and sediment. 4 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  Lesson Evolving Concept of Life 1 Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence Have you been curious of when and where did life possibly start on Earth? During the 1800s, geologists and the naturalists found several forms of physical evidence that confirmed that Earth is very old. The evidence includes: fossils of ancient sea life on dry land far from oceans, this supported the idea that the Earth changed over time and some dry land today was once covered by oceans; the many layers of rock allowed the people to realize that rock layers represent the order in which rocks and fossils appeared, thus they were able to trace the history of Earth and life on Earth; lastly, the indications that volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and erosion that happened long ago shaped much of the Earth’s surface and supported the idea of an older Earth. This module will help you understand the historical development of the concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence. This will trace back the events, processes, and living organisms existed on earth from the earliest time to present. What’s In Activity 1: My Life in Timeline Directions: Picture out a history of your life. Create a timeline that will reflect the events that happened to you in the past. My Life in Timeline 5 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Guide Questions: 1. What is a timeline? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is creating a timeline significant? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Notes to the Teacher This module will help you understand the concepts about historical development of life. Guide the students by elaborating the simple and complex concepts included on each activity presented. Expectedly you will meet the target at the end of the module. 6 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What’s New Activity 2: Timeline of Events Directions: Read and analyze the timeline. Arrange the images below the timeline to show the order of the appearance of life forms on earth. 4.6 – 3.8 BYA The early earth is said to be violent because of the meteorites and volcanic eruptions. With this condition, zircon crystal was formed. 3.5 BYA Life on Earth initially began with prokaryotes, discovered in sedimentary rock formations called stromatolites. 3.0 BYA The first photosynthetic organism thrived the earth which is blue green algae called cyanobacteria. Timeline of Appearance of 2.0 BYA Appearance of the first eukaryotes Life Forms and the influx of multicellular organisms occurred 1.2 billion years ago. 500 MYA The Paleozoic era when the trilobites and cephalopods became dominant in the ocean particularly during the Cambrian and Ordovician. 251 - 65.5 MYA The Mesozoic era-the age of reptiles that has a span of 251 to 65.5 MYA divided into Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous period. 250 TYA The Cenozoic era- recent life and based on paleontological evidence. Homo erectus have evolved. 7 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  _____________________ _____________________ Green algae _____________________ _____________________ Cephalopod and trilobite _____________________ _____________________ Activity 3: Evidence of Life Directions: Give an evidence on the given events that occurred on geologic time scale that enables the paleontologist to sequence the history of life. Archean Proterozoic Eon Hadean (Early Earth (Period of (Period of Appearance of appearance of the Development) first prokaryotes) first eukaryote) Paleozoic era Mesozoic era Cenozoic era (Dominance of (Dominance of (Recent Life) appearance of dinosaurs) trilobites) 8 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Activity 4: It’s a match! Directions: Column A are evidences while column B refers to certain timeline. Match them by writing the letter of your answer on the space before the number. Column A Column B _____1. Homo erectus A. 4.3 BYA _____2. eukaryotes B. 2.0 BYA _____3. zircon crystal C. Mesozoic Era _____4. dinosaurs D. 250 thousand years ago _____5. trilobite fossils E. Cambrian Period Activity 5: Name It Directions: Name the pieces of evidence on the evolution of life. Write your answer on the space provided. Pick your answer from the terms inside the box. zircon crystal stromatolites cyanobacteria first eukaryotes multicellular organisms Homo erectus trilobite fossils first prokaryotes Period Evidences/Organisms 4.6 to 3.6 billion years ago 1. 3.5 billion years ago 2. 3.0 billion years ago 3. 2.0 billion years ago 4. 1.2 billion years ago 5. 500 million years ago 6. 250 thousand years ago 7. 9 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What is It The universe is about 4.6 billion years old. Life on earth, probably began only between 3.5 and 4.0 billion years ago. Evidences from fossil records show the emergence of the different life forms. The common ancestor of all life was prokaryotic. Since, oxygen was scarce on the early Earth, so the ancestral cell must also have been an anaerobic. There are some challenges encountered in searching for the evidence of early life. Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize. The tectonic plate movements have destroyed nearly all rocks older than about 4 billion years, and most of the younger rocks have been heated or undergone processes that destroy the traces of biological material. At present, the oldest cell microfossils (microscopic fossils) are filaments from 3.5 billion-year-old rocks in Western Australia. The filaments resemble chains of modern photosynthetic bacteria and the rocks in which they occur are the remains of ancient stromatolites. The researchers look for biomarkers specific to eukaryotes. It is a substance that occurs only or predominantly in cells of a specific type. Eukaryotes are organisms having true nucleus. The DNA is enclosed within the nucleus whereas DNA of most prokaryotes lies enclosed in the cell’s cytoplasm. The first eukaryotes were protists. For life to evolve from simple single-celled organisms to many millions of species of prokaryotic species to simple eukaryotic species to all the protists, fungi, plants, and animals, took some time. The first life forms were very basic and this then allowed for the evolution of more complex life forms. Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The evolution of life is brought about the changes in the environment which are linked to changes in climate and geology. These Earth’s environmental changes made the Earth’s environment more suitable for a wider variety of life forms. 10 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Activity 6: Arrange Me Directions: From the given statements below, arrange them to show the origin and evolution of eukaryotes. Number the boxes from 1-8, 1 as the earliest. ____ A. The emergence of first ____ B. Photosynthesis and celled organisms lacking aerobic respiration evolve in nucleus in environment some bacterial lineages. where oxygen was scarce. ____ C. Fungi, animals, and algae ____ D. The presence of organic that give rise to plants-had compounds on early Earth. evolved in the seas. ____ E. Oxygen-producing ____ F. Aerobic bacteria lived inside photosynthetic bacterial cell eukaryotic cell, then entered a eukaryotic cell, descendants of these bacteria bacterial descendants evolved into mitochondria. evolved into chloroplasts ____ G. Endomembrane system and nucleus evolve through ____ H. The modern life-modern the modification of cell organisms related by membranes descent. 11 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What’s More Activity 7: Time to Reveal Directions: Arrange the jumbled word to reveal the evidence in the history of life on earth. Write the answer on the space below the grid. A marine animal first evolved at R I O T L T I E B the beginning of the Cambrian period, 542 MYA, where they dominated the ocean. E E R C T U S M O H O Extinct species of the genus Homo from which the modern human has evolved from. A basic cell type which lacks true A K R P O R Y O T S E nucleus. Bacteria, blue-green algae, archaeans and spirochetes are examples of organisms belonging to this cell type. These are giant reptiles that R U O S D N I A S roamed the earth during the Mesozoic era. A K R U E Y O T S E This basic cell type possesses a true nucleus that contains DNA. Activity 8: Origin of Life Directions: Create a concept map that will discuss how life originated and evolved based on emerging pieces of evidence using the concepts inside the box. history of life adaptation eukaryotic cell photosynthesis prokaryotic cell scarcity of oxygen stromatolites biomarkers fossils organic monomers Variation Among Organisms Molecular DNA 12 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Activity 9: TMG (Transformations, Mass Extinctions and Geologic Changes) Directions: Earth’s history is marked by a series of transformations, mass extinctions and geologic changes that have taken place over the course of 4.6 billion years. Place the given events on the corresponding time it occurred. First evidence of life (3,850 MYA) Modern humans (0.1 MYA) Oldest fossils (3. 500 MYA) Formation of great oceans (4,200 MYA) First evidence of soft bodied animals Continents begin shifting (3100 MYA) (900 MYA) Rodinia supercontinents breaks up The Cambrian Explosion (530 MYA) (700 MYA) Pangea supercontinent breaks up (200 First land plants and fish (480 MYA) MYA) First reptiles (350 MYA) Inland seas dry up (200 MYA) First Mammals and dinosaurs (220 Global ice ages begin (2 MYA) MYA) First birds (150 MYA) First hominids (5.2 MYA) About 50%of marine invertebrate 25 % of Marine invertebrate families genera (Late Triassic 206 MYA) (End Ordovician 443 MYA) Dinosaurs and 60 to 80 percent of all Many wood land, plant-eating species (End Cretaceous 65 MYA) herbivores (Miocene 9 MYA) Transformation Mass Extinctions Geologic Changes Activity 10: Extinct Flora & Fauna Directions: The study of the history of life revealed that there were living organisms that became extinct brought by environmental conditions. In recent times, there are news on various species that underwent this process. Enumerate flora and fauna that become extinct and the reasons for this inexistence. 13 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 Activity 11: Sequence of Events Directions: Below are some key events happened in the past. Create a timeline that will show the sequence of events of the history of life. Use the information below as your guide. You may just use the keywords as part of your timeline. The genus Homo gave rise to modern humans, Homo sapiens, us. It is estimated that they have been around for 2.3-2.4 million years, coinciding with the first evidence of stone tool usage. The first mammals are our most direct ancestors, evolved from Amniotes. One of the earliest known mammals was Eozostrodon lived about 210 million years ago. Studies of fossils from the Devonian Period 416-359 MYA indicates that land plants had evolved features we recognized today, such as leaves, roots and secondary wood. Simple eukaryotes, but more advanced organisms, thought to developed 1.6 – 2.1 billion years ago Oldest known fossilized prokaryotes have been dated approximately 3.5 billion years ago Around 1.1 billion years ago multicellular organisms are thought to have started to develop. Animals in the most basic sense of the word, have evolved from eukaryotes. Fossils of early sponges have been discovered in 665 million years old rock. 560 million years ago, some highly significant fossils of an organism which was named Charnia were discovered. These enigmatic early animals were anchored to the sea floor where they are thought to have absorbed nutrients. Activity 12: Why Should I Study History of Life? Directions: Write at least fifty-word reflection paper on: “Why should I study history of life?”. 14 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What I Have Learned Activity 13: Complete me Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling-up the blanks with the correct word from the box. stromatolites ocean human Beings zircon crystal 4.6 billion years ago Mesozoic Era Cenozoic 3.0 billion years ago Earth Homo erectus About (1) __________, the earth was formed as the solar system came into existence with the other planets rotating around the sun. (2) __________ is said to be geologically violent because of the continuous bombardment by meteorites and volcanic eruptions. With this condition, minerals were formed from the elements and compounds contained in the molten material. The oldest material found on earth is the (3) __________ that is estimated to be 4.3 billion years old. Life on earth is believed to begin 3.5 billion years ago with single–celled prokaryotes, as discovered in sedimentary rock formations called (4) __________. As early as (5) __________, the first photosynthetic organism thrived the earth which is blue green algae called cyanobacteria. It was 2.0 billion years ago when the first eukaryotes appeared and the influx of multicellular organisms occurred 1.2 billion years ago. During the Paleozoic Era which lasted 542 to 251 MYA, the Cambrian and Ordovician Period has been known as the age of invertebrates when trilobites and cephalopods became dominant in the (6) __________. The (7) __________ is the age of reptiles that has a span of 251 to 65.5 MYA divided into Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaneous Period. (8) __________ is the era of recent life and based on paleontological evidence (9) __________ have evolved 250 thousand years ago. (10) __________ are the only surviving species and one of the living evidences that life have existed on earth. 15 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  What I Can Do Directions: You may pick one of the questions to answer in this area. Limit your answer to 250 words. 1. If the multicellular organisms arise from the unicellular organisms, can you tell that all the species/organisms are related with one another? 2. If you are one of the environmentalists and was assigned in one of the forests in the Philippines which happened to be the location of some endangered species, what are the plans that you would organize to ensure the conservation of the species of the flora and fauna present in your assigned area? 3. Write a short poem that will discuss the importance of knowing the concepts of the history of life to human beings and other living organisms. 16 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  Assessment Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Oxygen was scarce during the early development of Earth. By this situation, what kind of organism first existed? a. aerobic organism b. anaerobic organism c. mammal d. protist 2. Which of the following statements is NOT true on the evolution of multicellular organisms? a. The process of continuous specialization brought more complex organisms. b. The prokaryotic organisms that formed multicellular aggregates were like the cells of Cyanobacteria. c. They are believed to have evolved from single-celled prokaryotic organisms. d. They are formed from other multicellular colonial aggregates through cells specialization. 3. Why do you think the emergence of plants and animals came later than simple living organisms? a. Their existence is not that important on Earth. b. Their size is too big that it takes longer time for development. c. The cell structures of these multicellular organisms are more complex. d. These organisms are composed of many nucleus compared to unicellular. 4. Which statement is incorrect about living organisms? a. The earliest forms of life existed were the prokaryotes. b. The eukaryotic organisms evolved from the unicellular prokaryotic. c. Organisms did not change despite of the changes in the environment. d. Evolution of oxygen-producing organisms allowed the increase in the atmospheric oxygen. 5. Which of the following are in the correct order? a. eukaryotic cell, photosynthesis, prokaryotic cell, organic molecules b. eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cell, organic molecules, photosynthesis c. organic molecules, eukaryotic cell, photosynthesis, prokaryotic cell d. organic molecules, prokaryotic cell, photosynthesis, eukaryotic cell 17 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 6. What is the evidence for a last universal common ancestor among life on Earth? a. All look the same. b. They have similar synthesis pattern. c. All are classified as aerobic organisms. d. They share similar molecular features. 7. What unique substance do researchers look after in their study of eukaryotes? a. biomarkers b. fossils c. mitochondria d. stromatolites 8. Which of the following can be considered as a fossil? a. a billion-year old rock b. a billion-year old piece of amber c. a billion-year old amber with a primitive insect inside d. all of the choices are correct 9. Mainly the fossils are found on sedimentary rocks. What type of rocks are stromatolites? a. igneous b. metamorphic c. sedimentary d. trilobites 10. Which of the following is NOT true about the evidence that fossils provide? a. All fossils gathered contain intact DNA that can be sequenced. b. Fossil ages can often be determined by testing nearby rocks. c. Fossil organisms often share physical similarities with living organisms. d. Some fossil organisms are transitional forms between groups of organisms. 11. It was stated that the organisms are evolving. The evolution can be due to environmental changes. More so, the conservation of their traits depends mainly on how they will survive. In this regard, humans alter the natural world bringing harmful consequences from their activity. Which among the following refers to the alteration brought by humans to the natural environment? a. environmental issues b. ecosystem conflict c. environmental topics d. human intervention 18 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 12. What is the significance of studying the molecular evidence present among living organisms? a. It will benefit the economy of the world. b. It will give idea for the scientist which to clone. c. It will then serve as the basis of what to study. d. It will allow the classification of living organisms. 13. Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus aureus to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. What do you think would be the significance of being knowledgeable about the history of this organism towards antibiotics? a. It will just give them background about the microorganism. b. It will just give them idea of increasing the frequency of the organisms. c. It will give an idea of continuing the use of antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus. d. It will give an idea for the medical team to discontinue the use of particular antibiotic resistant to that microorganism. 14. The study of history of life is indeed significant. As part of searching for the fossils of previous organisms, stromatolite played a significant role. What is true about stromatolite? a. It is found on eukaryotes. b. It is produced by endosymbiosis. c. It is formed during volcanic eruptions. d. It consists of layered bacteria and sediment. 15. The following statements are challenges for the researchers in finding and identifying signs of early cells. Which is NOT part of the group? a. Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize b. Materials and testing laboratories are not available. c. Slightly younger rocks have been heated up and undergone other processes d. Tectonic plate movements have destroyed nearly all rocks older than about 4 billion years. Additional Activities 1. It was stated that researchers faced challenges looking for fossils of the earliest-life forms. These fossils served as evidence of the origin of life. Based on your knowledge of tectonic plates, why few samples of early rocks remain? 2. Create an interactive infographic that will show the history of earth. 19 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1  Module 1 CO_Q2_ELS SHS 20 What I Know What is It 1. B Activity 6: Arrange Me Activity 10: Extinct Flora & 2. B A. 2 F. 5 Fauna 3. A B. 3 G. 4 Students’ answer may vary 4. C C. 7 H. 8 Activity 11: Sequence of 5. D D. 1 Events 6. B E. 6 1. Prokaryotes-3.5 billion 7. C 2. Simple eukaryotes- 1.6- 8. D What’s More 2.1 BY 9. A Activity 7: Time to Reveal 3. Animals-sponges – 665 10. D 1. trilobite MY 11. D 2. Homo erectus 4. Charnia- 560 MY 12. C 3. prokaryotes 5. Land plants- 416-359 13. D 4. dinosaurs MY 14. B 5. eukaryotes 6. First mammals- 15. D Activity 8: Origin of Life Eozostrodon- 210 MY Students’ answer may vary 7. Homo sapiens- 2.3-2.4 What’s In Activity 9: TMG MY Activity 1: My Life in Transformations Activity 12: Why Should I Timeline 1. First evidence of life study History of Life Students’ answer may 2. Oldest fossils Students’ answer may vary vary 3. First evidence of soft What’s New bodied animals What I Have Learned Activity 2: Timeline of Events 4. The Cambrian Explosion Activity 13: Complete Me 1. 7 5. First land plants and fish 1. 4.6 billion years ago 2. 6 6. First mammals and 2. Earth 3. 3 dinosaurs 3. zircon crystal 4. 2 7. First birds 4. stromatolites 5. 1 8. First hominids 5. 3.0 billion years ago 6. 4 9. Modern humans 6. ocean 7. 5 Geologic Changes 7. Mesozoic era Activity 3: Evidence of Life 1. Formation of great 8. Cenozoic 1. zircon crystal oceans 9. Homo erectus 2. stromatolites 2. Continents begin 10. human beings 3. biomarkers shifting 4. trilobite fossils 3. Rodinia What I Can Do 5. dinosaur fossils supercontinents breaks up Students’ answer may 7. Homo erectus 4. Pangea vary Activity 4: It’s a Match supercontinents breaks up 1. D 5. Inland seas dry up Assessment 2. B 6. Global ice ages Mass Extinctions 1. B 11. D 3. A 1. 50% invertebrate 2. D 12. D 4. C genera 3. C 13. D 5. E 2. Dinosaurs and 60 to 80 4. C 14. D Activity 5: Name It % of all species 5. D 15. D 1. zircon crystals 3. 25 % of marine 6. D 2. stromatolites invertebrate families 7. A 3. cyanobacteria 4. many wood land, plant- 8. D 4. first eukaryotic eating herbivores 9. C 5. multicellular 10. A organisms 6. trilobite fossil 7. Homo erectus Answer Key References A. Books Ramos, J.D.A. and A.C.M. Ramos. Exploring Life Through Science BIOLOGY. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., 2006. Rea, M.A.D and N.H.A Dagamac. General Biology 2. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc.,2017. Robert, Dorothy, Mike, Dana, Donald, David, Cecie, Ralph, Christine, Lisa and James F. Petersen. Earth and Life Sciences. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc., 2016 Sia, S.R.D. and L.A.S. Cortez. Earth and Life Science. Quezon City. Sibs Publishing House, Inc., 2016. B. Electronic References David Warmflash & Nathan Lents, “Origins of Life 1: Early Ideas and Experiments”, accessed June 12, 2020, https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Biology/2/Origins-of-Life- I/226/quiz “Deep Time and the History of Life,” PBS Learning Media, accessed June 5, 2020,https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.div.lp_divd eeptime/deep-time-and-the-history-of-life/ Jamie Brightmore, “Deep Time: A History of Earth-Interactive Infographic,” Jaybee Productions, accessed June 3, 2020, https://deeptime.info/Jamie Brightmore/Jaybee Productions, 2011-2020 “Practice: Fossils: Rocking the Earth quiz,” Khan Academy, accessed June 12, 2020, https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/nova/nova-labs- topic/evolution-101/e/fossils--rocking-the-earth-quiz. 21 CO_Q2_ELS SHS Module 1 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]