ELEMENTS-OF-EXPRESSION.pptx

Lesson Lesson x.y 2 Lesson Title Elements of Expression: Rhyme, Diction, and Style  Learn about It Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, its straightforward and commonplace meaning.  Lea...

Lesson Lesson x.y 2 Lesson Title Elements of Expression: Rhyme, Diction, and Style  Learn about It Poetry is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, its straightforward and commonplace meaning.  Learn about It rhyme – correspondence of sound between words or endings of words - Rhyme is a literary device where words have similar ending sounds, typically at the end of lines in poems or songs. It adds rhythm, musicality, and emphasis to the text. Rhyme often involves matching the final vowel and consonant sounds of the words  Learn about It Types of Rhymes end rhyme – occurs when the last words of two or more lines of a poem rhyme with each other Ex: "The moon is shining bright," "Casting shadows in the night." internal rhyme – occurs within a single line of verse Ex: "Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary." slant rhyme – words that have a similar, but not exact, sound Ex: "A close but distant gaze,"  Learn about It meter – rhythmic structure in verse, formed by patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. This pattern helps establish a regular rhythm and flow in the verse, contributing to the musical quality of the poem. Learn about It Common Types of Meter iambic pentameter – consists of five iambs (a short syllable followed by a long syllable) per line. An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (da-DUM) Example: From Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18: "Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?" Each iamb is "Shall I" (da-DUM), "comPARE" (da-DUM), "thee TO" (da-DUM), "a SUM" (da-DUM), and "mer’s DAY" (da-DUM). Learn about It trochaic tetrameter – consists of four trochees (a long syllable followed by a short syllable) per line. A stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable (DA-dum). Example: From Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's "Haunted Houses" "Haunted houses are the best." Each trochee is "HAUNT-ed" (DA-dum), "HOU-ses" (DA-dum), "ARE the" (DA-dum), and "BEST" (DA-dum). Learn about It anapestic trimeter – consists of three anapests (two short syllables followed by a long syllable) per line. Two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable (da- da-DUM). Example: "And the sound of a voice that is still.“ And the sound Of a voice That is still Learn about It dactylic hexameter – consists of six dactyls (a long syllable followed by two short syllables) per line. A stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables (DA-da-dum). Example: “Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles, son of Peleus.” Sing, O (DA-da-dum) goddess, the (DA-da-dum) anger of (DA-da-dum) Achilles, son (DA-da-dum) of Peleus. (DA-da-dum)  Learn about It Diction a poet's specific word choice conveys emotions, images, ideas In poetry, diction can range from formal to informal, complex to simple, and can greatly affect the mood and meaning of a poem.  Learn about It Types of Diction in Poetry formal or high diction – involves the use of sophisticated language, often filled with complex words and phrases "The sun, with its radiant beams, bestows warmth upon the verdant landscape, evoking a sense of tranquility and splendor." middle diction – refers to the use of standard language that is commonly spoken and understood by a wide audience “The sun shines brightly on the green fields, making everything look calm and beautiful." informal or low diction – includes everyday language, colloquialisms, slang, and even dialect "The sun is out, and the grass looks great. Everything feels so chill and pretty."  Learn about It Types of Diction in Poetry concrete diction – involves the use of specific, detailed words that appeal to the senses "The warm sand slipped through my fingers as I walked along the sunlit beach, feeling the salty breeze on my face.“ abstract diction – refers to words and phrases that express general ideas or concepts "Happiness fills the heart with a sense of joy and contentment that is hard to describe."  Learn about It Style how the poet uses the elements of poetry to convey meaning a poet's unique use of language Style in poetry refers to the unique way a poet uses various elements of poetry—such as diction, tone, rhythm, meter, and figurative language—to convey meaning and express their individual voice.  Learn about It Elements of Style in Poetry syntax – the arrangement of words "In the meadow, where wildflowers bloom, I find peace and joy." imagery – the use of descriptive language to create sensory experiences Visual "The bright yellow sun rose over the horizon, casting a golden glow on the fields of green." Auditory "The leaves rustled softly in the gentle breeze, creating a soothing whisper that filled the air."  Learn about It Olfactory "The sweet scent of fresh-baked cookies filled the kitchen, making everyone’s mouth water." Tactile "The rough bark of the tree felt cool and textured under my fingertips." Gustatory “The tartness of the lemonade made my tongue tingle with its zesty flavor."  Learn about It symbolism – the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities "The dove flew through the open sky, a beacon of hope and peace." literary devices – techniques and tools that writers use to enhance their writing, create effects, and convey deeper meanings.  Learn about It tone – the author's attitude or feelings toward the subject matter and audience Thoughtful and judgmental. mood – the emotional atmosphere of a piece of writing, which evokes certain feelings or vibes in the reader Empty and impressive.  Learn about It Guide Questions for Poetry Analysis What type of rhyme does the poem use? How does the rhyme contribute to the overall rhythm and sound of the poem? What type of meter is used in the poem? How many feet are in each line? How does the meter contribute to the poem's rhythm and pace? How would you describe the poet's style? How does the poet's style contribute to the overall effect and meaning of the poem?  Learn about It Guide Questions for Poetry Analysis What kind of diction does the poet use? How does the choice of words affect the tone and mood of the poem? How does it contribute to the poem's overall meaning? How do the emotional attitude of the poet (tone) and the emotional atmosphere of the poem (mood) contribute to the poem's overall effect and meaning?  Learn about It Guide Question for Poetry Analysis How do the elements of rhyme, meter, style, and diction work together in the poem? How do they contribute to the poem's overall effect and meaning? Can you identify any patterns or repetitions in the rhyme, meter, style, or diction? What might these patterns or repetitions signify?  Learn about It Guide Question for Poetry Analysis How do the elements of rhyme, meter, style, and diction help convey the poem's theme or subject? How do the elements of rhyme, meter, style, and diction reflect the poet's unique voice or perspective? Learn about It If— (an excerpt) Rudyard Kipling  Learn about It Guide Questions 1. What is the rhyme scheme of this stanza? 2. What type of meter is used in this stanza? 3. How would you describe the diction used in this stanza? 4. How would you describe Kipling's style in this stanza? 5. How do the elements of rhyme, meter, style, and diction work together to create meaning in this stanza?  Analysis Read the poem and answer the following questions. O Captain! My Captain! Walt Whitman 24  Analysis Short-Response Questions 1. How does the rhyme and meter contribute to the overall mood of the poem? 2. What emotions or images do the diction and style evoke in you? 3. How does the poet use rhyme and meter to enhance the meaning of the poem? 4. How does the poet's choice of words (diction) reflect the theme of the poem? 5. How does the poet's style contribute to the overall impact of the poem? 25 Values Integration How can understanding and appreciating the elements of poetry, such as rhyme, meter, diction, and style, help us better express our own thoughts, emotions, and experiences in a creative way?  Synthesis Activity Write a short poem that uses a specific rhyme scheme and meter. Use diction and style to convey a specific theme or emotion. 27  Synthesis Activity Guide Questions What rhyme scheme and meter did you use in your poem? How did you choose your words to convey your theme or emotion? How does your style contribute to the overall impact of your poem? 28  Additional Exercises Read the poem and answer the following questions. Mother to Son Langston Hughes 29  Additional Exercise Short-Response Questions 1. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? 2. What type of meter is used in the poem? 3. How does the poet's choice of words reflect the theme of the poem? 4. How does the poet's style contribute to the overall impact of the poem? 5. How do the elements of rhyme, meter, style, and diction work together to create meaning in this poem? 30  References Barker, Geoff. 2014. What Is a Poem?. New York, NY: Britannica Educational Publishing. Peregoy, Suzanne, and Owen F. Boyle. Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL. New York: Longman, 1997. Puzo, Peter. Barry, Mario. TheReading 2016. Godfather. Poetry.New USA:York: Signet, Oxford 1978. University Press. Redmon, Allen “Mother Hughes, Langston. H. “How Many to Son.” Lebowskis Accessed Are There? June 21, 2023. Genre, Spectatorial Authorship, and The Big https://poets.org/poem/mother-son. Lebowski.” Journal of Popular Film & Television 40, no. 2 (2012): 52–61. doi:10.1080/ 01956051.2011.613422 Janeczko, Paul B. 2014. Teaching Literary Elements Using Poetry. USA: Scholastic, Incorporated. Keyworth, Suzanne, and Cassandra Robison. 2015. Writing and Understanding Poetry for Teachers and Students: A Heart’s Craft. New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield. Kipling, Rudyard. 1996. Rewards and Fairies. Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/556/pg556-images.html. Scholes, Robert, Nancy R. Comley, Carl H. Klaus, and David Staines. 2015. Elements of Literature: Poetry, Fiction, Drama. USA: Oxford University Press. Whitman, Walt. 2005. Poems by Walt Whitman. Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8388/pg8388.html. 31