Electrotherapy Past Paper PDF 2024

Electro I: 1. Which type of tissue has the highest electrical conductivity? A) Bone B) Adipose tissue C) Skin D) Muscle E) Connective tissue 2. What is tissue impedance? A) The ability to conduct electrical signals B) The opposition to electrical current flow in tissues C)...

Electro I: 1. Which type of tissue has the highest electrical conductivity? A) Bone B) Adipose tissue C) Skin D) Muscle E) Connective tissue 2. What is tissue impedance? A) The ability to conduct electrical signals B) The opposition to electrical current flow in tissues C) The process of generating action potentials D) The movement of ions across membranes E) The increase in sodium levels in tissue 3. Which of the following is a feature of muscle tissue? A) Low conductivity B) High water content C) Low impedance D) Poor response to electrical stimulation E) High impedance 4. How can impedance in the skin be reduced for electrotherapy? A) Hydrating the electrodes B) Warming the skin C) Decreasing the surface area of the skin D) Increasing current intensity E) Decreasing current density 5. What is the effect of high impedance in fat tissue during electrotherapy? A) Enhances current flow to deeper tissues B) Reduces the effectiveness of stimulation C) Has no effect on current distribution D) Improves muscle contraction E) Promotes ion transport 6. What is iontophoresis? A) Transfer of ions using alternating current B) Movement of ions through the skin using direct current C) Application of heat and cold to enhance ion transfer  D) A method for testing conductivity in tissues E) None of the above 7. What is the active electrode in iontophoresis? A) The dispersive electrode B) The electrode over which medication is placed C) The electrode attached to the negative pole D) The electrode attached to the positive pole E) None of the above 8. What happens under the cathode during iontophoresis? A) Dehydration of the skin B) Vasoconstriction C) Alkaline reaction D) Sclerosis of tissue E) Sedative effect 9. What is the recommended maximum current strength in iontophoresis? A) 10 mA B) 7 mA C) 5 mA D) 15 mA E) 3 mA 10. What is the primary physiological effect ef direct current? A) Increased tissue resistance B) Movement of lons within tissue C) Generation of action potentials D) Thermal effects on tissue E) None of the above 11. What happens when current passes through body tissues during iontophoresis? A) Only polar effects occur B) No effects occur C) Both polar and interpolar effects occur D) Current is blocked by fat tissue E) Anesthetic effects only 12. Why is galvanic current not used for heating tissue in physiotherapy? A) It has a high intensity B) It causes excessive hydration C) Its intensity is too low to produce significant heat D) It dehydrates tissue excessively E) None of the above 13. What is the frequency range of faradic currents? A) 10-20 Hz B) 20-50 Hz C) 30-100 Hz D) 50-150 Hz E) 100-200 Hz 14. What is the sensation typically felt with faradic currents? A) Painful stinging B) Slight pinching sensation C) Burning D) Numbness E) No sensation 15. Faradic currents can't make any contraction on denervated muscle A) True B) False 16. What is the primary feature of sinusoidal currents? A) Unequal alternating currents B) Continuous direct currents C) Equal alternating currents D) Pulsed monophasic currents E) None of the above 17. What is the role of surged faradic current in lymphatic circulation? A) It decreases lymphatic flow. B) It creates a pumping effect. C) It reduces vasodilation. D) It promotes tissue adhesion. E) It prevents muscle contraction. 18. What is a labil technique in faradic current application? A) A stable active electrode B) A moving active electrode C) Use of only passive electrodes D) Use of dry electrodes E) None of the above 19. What is a primary indication for anodal galvanism? A) Muscle strengthening B) Acute inflammation C) Nerve regeneration D) Chronic skin infections E) Epilation 20. Which of the following is a contraindication for galvanism? A) Rheumatic arthritis B) Acute inflammation C) Chronic wounds D) Presence of metal implants E) Mild scar tissue