EAPP Post Test Reviewer PDF

TYPES OF ENGLISH 1. Academic English - The English language in Academic texts is different from the English often used in other fields or communication platforms. - Academic English is used for academic purposes and requires formality and...

TYPES OF ENGLISH 1. Academic English - The English language in Academic texts is different from the English often used in other fields or communication platforms. - Academic English is used for academic purposes and requires formality and completeness. - It does not encourage slang and shortcuts in word forms. It is commonly used in textbooks, research studies, and other education-related documents and articles. 2. Medical English - Another type of English which is unique to doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other medical practitioners. - This type of English incorporates acronyms and abbreviations for ease of use. - It has a wide variety of slang, acronyms, and colloquialisms that those outside the profession find incomprehensible. It exists in highly-charged interactions. 3. Legal English - An exclusive language that may not be readily understandable to individuals who are strangers to law terminologies. - This logic-rule-based language has most of its derivations from Latin phrases or words. - Such language can be found in law, ordinances, legal documents like licenses, court pleadings, contracts, and court warrants. 4. Colloquial English - Refers to the informal, conversational style of English used in everyday communication. - It includes casual expressions, idioms, and slang that are commonly understood by native speakers but might not be suitable for formal writing or speech. TEXT STRUCTURES Text structures refers to how the information within a text is organized. 1. Chronological - A text pattern or structure gives the reader an arrangement of events in the order of time or list of steps in a procedure. 2. Comparison & Contrast - A text structure examines the similarities and differences between two or more people, events, concepts, or ideas. 3. Description - A text structure features a detailed description of something to give the reader a mental picture.  4. Problem & Solution - Sets up a problem or problems, explains the solution, and then discusses the effects of the solution. 5. Cause and Effect - Presents the casual relationship between a specific event, idea, or concepts that follow. SUMMARIZING ACADEMIC TEXTS What is a summary? - It is a strategy used to reduce a text to a third or a quarter of its original length. - Its main purpose is to articulate the author's thoughts using fewer words but retaining the main ideas. TECHNIQUES IN SUMMARIZING TEXTS 1. 3-2-1 Technique - Very flexible and versatile as any student can modify a subject to their topic, work in a pair, or independently. - The essential elements of this technique is writing down three most important facts one has found out in a text, two interesting things one has learned, and one question the reader still has at the end of the text. 2. Jigsaw - A strategy demands cooperative work. You and your classmate or friend need to divide the text into a manageable chunk and then get the responsible ones for every piece of content. - Just like in a jigsaw puzzle, each one will complete the missing gap. - When performed by one student, you need to article into several paragraphs and assign one original meaning to be derived from it, this way unessential information is sorted out. 3. Somebody-Wanted-But-So - Used during or after reading. - Commonly used in social studies and in history-based subjects. - Students use a chart or a folded piece of paper. The task is to identify who wanted something, what they wanted, what conflict arose, and the resolution. 4. The Gist - Known as “the main or essential part of a matter”. The Gist is organized so that you have 20 helping base words on which to lean on when developing a strategy summary. - The student must convey the Gist in 20 words, this tactic is often used in narrative texts. 5. Graphic Organizers - This technique uses graphic presentations like flow charts, venn diagrams, KWL charts, brainstorming web, and many others.  6. The Cornell Method - One of the most widespread methods in factual text. - In doing this, the reader divides the paper in two columns, the main points on the left side and the important explanations on the right. This is very useful when the narration is written in non-chronological order. It provides clarity into the story, organizing it into logical and chronological order. THESIS STATEMENT Essential part of every text, holds the ideas together and directs in one direction. Identifying the thesis statement is as important as understanding the main idea of the text, it makes the reader easily predict where the text is going. WHAT IS THESIS STATEMENT? - Usually one sentence that sets the tone of the entire paper. - It presents the arguments or claims of the author about a topic or an issue that is supported by evidence or examples as the text progresses. - Usually appears in the introductory paragraph of the paper. - Often appear in expository, compare and contrast, argumentative, persuasive essay, and research papers. CHARACTERISTICS OF THESIS STATEMENT - A thesis should not be obviously true or false. - A thesis should be original. - A thesis must consist of a claim. - A thesis should be arguable. - A thesis should be clear. OUTLINING A technique used to organize and structure information in a logical and coherent way. Breaking down a topic into main ideas and supporting details and organizations. IMPORTANCE OF OUTLINING - It allows the writer to understand how they will connect all information to support the thesis statement and the main ideas of the paper. - Provides the writers with a space to effectively plan, develop, and manipulate ideas easily. TYPES OF OUTLINING 1. Topic outline - a strategy that uses words or phrases and supporting details in a presentation. 2. Sentence outline - a formal writing plan that lists the main points and supporting details, it provides a more detailed version of a topic outline. WRITING A CRITIQUE PAPER APPROACHES IN WRITING A CRITIQUE PAPER a. Encourages critical thinking b. Provides constructive feedbacks c. Facilitates deeper understanding d. Promotes effective communication e. Contributes to scholarly grammarly dialogue f. Develops objectivity WHAT IS A CRITIQUE PAPER? - It includes both positive and negative feedback, always aimed at a balanced and well-reasonable assessment. REASONS IN WRITING A CRITIQUE 1. Improvement in writing techniques to strengthen the writer's work. 2. Critical thinking challenges and encourages deeper understanding. 3. Learning valuable insights that promote professional development. 4. Refinement makes the work clearer and more effective. TYPES OF CRITIQUE 1. Opinion-based Critique - Often biased, emotionally driven 2. Objective-based Critique - Present sufficient facts and balanced COMMON APPROACHES IN WRITING A CRITIQUE 1. Formalism - disregards the context of culture the text was written. 2. Feminism - questions how women are portrayed by the lens of context. TIPS BEFORE WRITING A CRITIQUE 1. Understand the work 2. Research the context 3. Develop a thesis statement 4. Gather evidences 5. Organize your structure HOW TO WRITE A GOOD CRITIQUE 1. Understand the work 2. Identify purpose 3. Structure your critique 4. Start with a summary 5. Assess strengths first 6. Discuss weakness constructively 7. Use evidence 8. Consider the audience 9. Stay objective 10. End with balanced conclusion 11. Be respectful