Globalization and Religion EA6 REVIEWER-2 PDF

Globalization and Religion “was the depiction of the Buddha in human form,” Religion as a Globalizing Force Both work hand-in-hand to First Crusade pursue their own respective ➔ at the Council of aims—R...

Globalization and Religion “was the depiction of the Buddha in human form,” Religion as a Globalizing Force Both work hand-in-hand to First Crusade pursue their own respective ➔ at the Council of aims—Religion (spiritual), State Clermont on 27 (secular: trade, among others). November 1095, Pope Urban II Buddhism ➔ illustrate the role of ➔ first great missionary of Christianity as a driving faith force in globalization ➔ Silk was a product used ➔ “Europe’s first colonial extensively in Buddhist wars, a kind of ceremonies, so its proto-imperialism visited increased demand on the Muslim people” actually stimulated the ➔ “crusading very economic activity imperialism.” – based that facilitated its spread on three facts; in the first place. ◆ The Italian ➔ Buddhist artifacts were city-states gained often exchanged for a privileged Chinese textiles because economic position relics were coveted and along the highly-valued Levantine coast. commodities by the ◆ The poor were Chinese. easily persuaded ➔ Buddhist artifacts were to leave their often trafficked fields in favor of throughout the desert fighting for the trade routes of Central Holy Land. Asia, making the relic ◆ Many coastal trade the foundation of territories were various kinds of eventually settled commerce. after the western ➔ spurred the globalization Europeans of Indian art and culture conquered them. ◆ new art movement ◆ The Gandhara tradition, which was a fusion of Greco-Indian artistic styles Religions in the Age of through the main demographic Globalization processes such as birth, migration, and aging (including Religion in Global Conflict, Mark morbidity). Juergensmeyer (2014) These processes contribute not three main problems among only to changes in populations people worldwide but also in global sustainability. ➔ problem on identity ➔ problem on Population accountability 8,189,114,176 ➔ problem on security Issues in Population and Food five stages; Security (a) isolated outbursts (b) internationalization of Commission on Population and Development (POPCOM) religious rebellion has seen a drop in the last two (c) anti-American and decades amid "lower levels of anti-European protests fertility." "An Essay on the Principle of (d) global war Population" (1798) advanced (e) non-violent uprisings what is know as Malthusian Growth Model advancing an _______________________________ exponential formula used to forecast population growth – Global Population, Migration, and humans would eventually Mobility become unable to produce enough food to secure and globalization – historical sustain themselves in the long process characterized by the run. compression of the world, According to the World Health enlargement of world Organization, reproductive communication and world health is "a state of complete market, intensification of social physical, mental and social relations, and intensification of well-being and not merely the the consciousness of the world. absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its Demography functions and processes." – "the Demography is the science of capability to reproduce and the populations. freedom to decide if, when and It is our attempt to understand how often to do so. the dynamics of population Betsy Harman disagrees with Malthusian theory suggesting  governments' copping out of responsibilities by using population control mechanisms Causes of Global Migration rather than to pursue genuine reforms for the economy. Sociologists have long analyzed migration in terms of the Global Migration "push-pull" model. This model Global migration entails the differentiates between push globalization of people. factors that drive people to it is the movement of people leave home, from pull factors from one area to another. that attract migrants to a new There are two types of location migration: Push factors are negative aspects of the sending ➔ Internal Migration country, while pull factors are ◆ This refers to the positive aspects of the movement of people receiving country from one area to another Push factors are negative within one country. aspects of the sending country, while pull factors are positive ➔ International Migration. aspects of the receiving country ◆ This refers to the network factors that can either movement of people facilitate or deter migration across borders from one ➔ cost of travel, the ease of country to another. communication, and ◆ five groups, namely: international business a. immigrants trends (moving permanently to another country) b. workers who stay in another country for at least 6 months in a year; c. illegal immigrants (TNT) d. petitioned to move in another country e. refugees or asylum-seekers who were unable to retire because of fear of persecution. Push Factors Pull Factors Lack of Jobs/Poverty - drive migrants out of their Civil Strife/War/Political and countries of origin, pull factors Religious Persecution are responsible for dictating ➔ 1951 Geneva where these travelers end up Convention Relating to - positive aspects of some the Status of Refugees countries serve to attract more defined the qualifications immigrants than others for such migrants and bound signatory Higher standards of countries not to return living/Higher wages these newcomers to ➔ greater safety net of places where they could welfare benefits should be persecuted. they be unable to work. ➔ refugee is “someone Migrants are drawn to who is unable or those countries where unwilling to return to their they can maximize country of origin owing to benefits a well-founded fear of Labor Demand being persecuted for Political and Religious reasons of race, religion, Freedom nationality, membership Other; of a particular social ➔ superior medical care group, or political or education opinion” ➔ family links Environmental Problems: ➔ a personal fondness of Environmental problems and a certain place, natural disasters whether it may be Examples: Case of Syrian Civil linked to culture, War, Case of Kiribati language, weather conditions or other influencing factors. Effects of Global Migration Cultural Effects Economic Effects the effect of immigration on culture and national identity developing countries can suffer Fear and distrust of immigrants from "brain drain"—the loss of has fueled the creation and trained and educated success of anti-immigrant individuals to emigration." political parties in several for developed countries, which European countries. are often on the receiving end linked social ills, such as of migration streams, the unemployment and crime, to positive economic gains from immigration. immigration are largely the opposition to immigration has result of the infusion of become a central issue in many inexpensive and eager laborers elections. into the economy the Dutch government has embarked on a program called For sending countries: "inburgering" (literally experience both gains and "citizen-making"), in which losses in the short term but may potential immigrants cannot stand to gain over the longer become citizens until they have term passed courses in Dutch culture the short-term economic benefit and societal norms. of emigration is found in remittances Challenges Ahead - Remittances (funds that continued rise in international emigrants earn abroad migration during the coming and send back to their decade home countries, mainly both developed and developing in order to support countries will be forced to craft families left behind) migration policies that address security, economic, and For receiving countries: humanitarian concerns. temporary worker programs help to address skills shortages but may decrease domestic wages and add to public welfare burden.