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DRRR Storm Surge POTENTIAL HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL - rapid rise of seawater above normal sea level on the HAZARDS coast, generated by the strong winds brought about by...

DRRR Storm Surge POTENTIAL HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL - rapid rise of seawater above normal sea level on the HAZARDS coast, generated by the strong winds brought about by typhoons and thunderstorms. - are natural processes or phenomena that are of atmospheric, hydrologic, or oceanographic in nature. Flood ​ Typhoon - floods are typically slower in onset and develop over a ​ Flood longer period of time. They are often caused by ​ Thunderstorm prolonged rainfall or the overflow of rivers and can ​ Storm Surge cover a larger area. ​ El Niño Flash flood ​ La Niña - occur suddenly and with little warning, often as a result Typhoon of heavy rainfall or a sudden release of water from a -a violent tropical cyclone that forms over warm waters, dam or levee. -rapid rise in water levels, which can lead North of the equator in the Western Pacific Ocean. to swift and powerful currents. Impending Signs of a Typhoon Hydrometeorological Hazard Map 1.Increased ocean swell - a guide that highlights areas that are vulnerable to potential hazards like storm surge, typhoon, and flood. -A swell is a series of ocean waves brought about by strong winds. Link for apps: hazardhunter.georisk.gov ph/noah.up.edu.ph 2. Changes in clouds Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and -Cumulus clouds may fill the sky about 36 hours before Astronomical Services Administrations (PAGASA) a typhoon. - The authorized in providing the warning for the public 3. Barometric pressure drops safety of the people. -Is a government agency that -The atmospheric pressure may start to drop about 36 provides weather-related data, information and services hours before typhoon land fall. to help prepare for and respond to natural hazards and climate change. 4. Abrupt changes in wind speed Tools for monitoring Hydrometeorological Hazards -Wind speed increases due to the drop in atmospheric pressure as air moves from an area with high pressure to Barograph - a barometer that reads and records low pressure. atmosphere pressure continuously. Thunderstorm Thermograph - an instrument that measures and records air temperature continuously. - small-scale storm accompanied by lightning and thunder Ceiling Light projector - an instrument that projects a light beam to the cloud. Impending Signs of a Thunderstorm Clinometer - an instrument that determine the height of 1. System of cumulonimbus clouds the cloud base by measuring the distance of the cloud -due to unequal heating of the Earth’s surface base to the ground. 2. The sky turns dark Ceiling balloon - a balloon filled with hydrogen or other gas lighter that air, which is used to determine the height - the cumulonimbus clouds filled with water droplets of the cloud base. serves as barrier for sunlight Theodolite - an instrument that determines wind speed 3. Lightning and thunder and direction. - flashes of lightning followed by thunder may be Radiosonde - equipped with a transmitter that sends observed. data to a radiosonde receiver on the ground. 4. Gusts of wind and change in wind direction Rawinsonde -it is like a radiosonde, but it is also - formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when capable of measuring wind velocity. dissolve gases in magma escape violently into the atmosphere. Wind finding radar - measures wind speed and direction thru radar echoes. Negative Effects: endanger life and property; kills organisms both on land and in water. Weather Surveillance Radar - detects and monitors the track of typhoon and cloud masses within 400 meters. Pyroclastic Flows Doppler Radar - calculates the motion of precipitation, - are hot, dry, turbulent mass mixtures of different estimates its type, and determines the structure of storms pyroclastic materials and gases that move downwards and their potential to cause severe weather. along the slope of a volcano at speed that can go up to several hundred meters per second -contain a Weather Satellite - provides the synoptic view and high-density mix of hot lava blocks, pumice, ash and coverage area of a weather disturbance and the volcanic gases. capability to relay weather data from remote automatic weather stations. Greek words: pyro + klastos fire + broken in pieces VOLCANO HAZARDS “The 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo” - are volcanic activities that may harm the subsystems Lava flows on Earth. - are streams of molten rocks that are poured or oozed VOLCANO from an erupting vent. - a hill, mountain or fissure from which hot molten or Negative effects: damages properties, agricultural lands, rocks with gaseous materials are ejected. and even human lives. - 24 active volcanoes Lahar Volcanic eruption hazards - are streams of molten rocks that are poured or oozed from an erupting vent. ​ Ballistic projectiles ​ Ash fall Negative effects: damages properties, agricultural lands, ​ Pyroclastic flows and even human lives. ​ Lava flows Volcanic Gases ​ Lahar ​ Volcanic gases - magma contains dissolve gases which provides the ​ Volcanic landslide driving force that causes most volcanic eruptions. ​ Tsunami Negative effects: -can cause acid rain -respiratory Ballistic Projectile diseases - rocks that an erupting volcano may hurl into the air. Volcanic landslide - large tephra’s (fragments of volcanic material) that - massive collapse of a volcano, usually triggered by an leave the volcanic vent with force and trajectory. earthquake or volcanic eruption ​ falling fragments Negative effects: due to slope failure, this results to ​ land damage massive destruction. ​ contaminations to air Tsunami Negative effects: endangers life and properties - sea waves or wave trains that are generated by sudden Ash falls or Tephra fall displacement of water - happen as a result of tephra being spewed out by a Source: A new study shows horizontal seafloor volcano initially hovering and riding over the prevailing movement creates energy for tsunamis, like the one wind direction before eventually falling into the earth’s depicted in this artist’s illustration. surface. VOLCANIC-INDUCED TSUNAMI - series of waves caused volcanic eruptions. “Mt. Krakatoa, 1883” REMINDERS ​ Entry into Taal Volcano Island (Permanent Danger Zoin or PDZ), especially the Main Crater and Daang Kastila fissures, and occupancy and boating on Taal Lake. ​ Flying any aircraft close to the volcano FIRE HAZARDS P - Pull​ A - Aim​ S - Squeeze​ S - Sweep