Doula Training: Anatomy & Physiology PDF

Doula Training & Mentorship Class 2: Anatomy & Physiology Reproductive Anatomy Reproductive Functions Key players: ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus During ovulation, egg is released from ovaries and carried via fallopian tube Ovaries typically take turns releasing eggs Egg is in...

Doula Training & Mentorship Class 2: Anatomy & Physiology Reproductive Anatomy Reproductive Functions Key players: ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus During ovulation, egg is released from ovaries and carried via fallopian tube Ovaries typically take turns releasing eggs Egg is in the uterus until either a.) fertilization occurs, forms a zygote and attaches to uterine wall or b.) egg is not fertilized and thus removed with the shedding of the lining of the uterus Menstrual Cycle Two main phases, follicular and luteal Cycle begins with shedding (menstruation) Ovulation occurs on or around day 14 Common ovulation symptoms: One-sided cramping that occurs A change in vaginal discharge (egg white consistency) Change in basal body temperature Mood changes (energy, sex drive) Conception 5 fertile days per month on average 1 day per month that conception actually occurs Sperm survive 3-5 days (internally) Released egg survives is available for fertilization for 24 hours Fertilization occurs if a.) sperm entered reproductive region and survived until the release of the egg b.) sperm enters reproductive region the day of ovulation and the egg is sitting there waiting on the sperm  Due Date Calculation LMP Ovulation Imaging Helpful because Most accurate, but Dating ultrasound is most clients do not scheduled for 8-12 weeks most clients know gestation this information know this information Due date is typically not Not always accurate adjusted unless Not commonly used suggested date from Most commonly Count 38 weeks LMP is +/- 5 days used due date Either confirms or calculator from the day of changes due date ovulation Count 40 weeks determined by LMP from first day of Does not always take LMP into account genetic factors for weight and height of fetus Let’s discuss! Physiology of Pregnancy Glossary of Pregnancy Hormones Estrogen Placenta Develops female sexual traits Human chorionic gonadotropin Formed in the ovaries Made by the placenta during pregnancy hormone (hCG) to maintain pregnancy Made by the placenta Progesterone Spikes in early pregnancy Made by the ovaries Made by the placenta during pregnancy Plays a part in nausea Stimulates the thickening of uterine lining Human placental lactogen (hPL) Relaxin Made by the placenta Causes the relaxation of pelvic ligaments Gives nutrition to the fetus Causes softening of the cervix Stimulates milk glands in the Bodily Changes Key Changes Other bodily changes The heart changes to be able Weight gain to pump 1.5x the volume of Water retention blood Increased blood volume The intestines shift Placenta Baby The diaphragm becomes restricted Milk ducts begin expanding, enlarging breasts Bodily Changes With the assistance of relaxin Hips widen Pelvis gains mobility Pubic symphysis loosens Round ligaments work extra Video Timeline (msichicago.org) Source: Museum of Science Chicago Let’s discuss! Fetal Development The Uterus Muscles Amniotic sac Amniotic fluid Placenta Mucus plug Cervix Key Points in Fetal Development 1st Trimester 2nd Trimester 3rd Trimester Zygote turns into Chance of Week 30: can process embryo miscarriage drops information and develop patterns 6 weeks: heart is 14 weeks: skin starts detectable to develop Week 33: bones are hardening 6 weeks: neural 18 weeks: fetus is Week 36: loses tube develops covered in lanugo lanugo/has hair on its 6 weeks: arm and (peach fuzz) head leg buds 20 weeks: Week 36: vernix 8 weeks: most movements are big coating becomes organs take place enough to feel thicket 8 weeks: becomes a 24 weeks: lungs are Week 37-38: fetus fetus developed, fetus gains 0.5lb per week! may survive in NICU Week 39: full term Until Next Class… Things to think about Things to do When do you think doula care Study pregnancy anatomy should begin? Recommended readings What are some ways birthing people can be supported before they even start showing?