Levels of Data PDF

# Levels of Data - Stevens - 1946 - Measurement - Nominal - Discrete - Ordinal - Discrete - Interval - Continuous - Ratio - Continuous - SPSS - nomis, ordi, inter & ratio ## Discrete Data - Qualitative object ক...

# Levels of Data - Stevens - 1946 - Measurement - Nominal - Discrete - Ordinal - Discrete - Interval - Continuous - Ratio - Continuous - SPSS - nomis, ordi, inter & ratio ## Discrete Data - Qualitative object কে. - Quantitative বানানোর চেষ্টা - No decimal ## Nominal/ Categorical - No real numerical value - No order of equal - Made BIO - 1+2+3+4 - Real Discrete - Gender - Nationality - Pass/fail - only used for classification - Like - Roll No - Data, has no numerical value - Not derived from any numerical value - Purely qualitative - Just for the sake of representation ## Artificial Discrete - Pass low on high - Criteria reference test - Non- test - Transformed data - Continuous data can have 45.5, 48.2 - To nominal (Pass/ Fail) - For simplification - Exp - low/ high - 70 - 120 - - Desirable Pass/Fail - Undesirable only one is possible. - Dichotomous data ## MCQ - right/wrong - You can answer only one option, either right or wrong. - ## Demographic data - All except age: Name, Profession, Edu, Religion - Nominal Data ## Ordinal Data - Can be categorized - Can be arranged in ranks - Rank order of magnitude - Discrete data - No hidden numbers are present - **Preference of perfume:** - Real Discrete - Qualitative - **Preference of Colleges:** - Discrete - Qualitative - **Birth order:** - Artificially Discrete - **Socio-eco status:** - Artificially Discrete - **Grades in school:** - Artificially Discrete - **Birth order:** - Defined by age - Ratio - depends on - SES - Mid, L, H - income - Grade - Academic marks - depends on - **Continuous Data** - Have hidden numbers - **Artificially Discrete** - Continues ## Interval Data - Can name, classify, rank - Magnitude, size (অনুসারী) - Can be arranged - Equal intervals - Decimal values possible - No true zero - **Temperature in Celsius:** - These have temp, 20s, brain - No true 0 - 30-40 = temp dif - 40-50 = by equal interval - Same difference - **Intelligence quotient** - **Academic Score** ## Interval Data - 30°C - 40°C - 50°C - +5 - +5 - +5 - addition or subtraction - can be done - 84.2°C (decimal) - # or = - > or < ## Ratio Data - Continuous - Decimal - Classify or categorize - Rank or magnitude - Equal interval - True zero - **Age :** - সবে ডজন্মেছে - 0 = no length - **Height/Length:** - 0 = no length - **Speed:** - At rest is not true - **Weight:** - - 0 object is not there - **Temperature in Kelvin:** - o = no heat - 0= Complete absence - # or != - > or < - x or = - + or -