Draughtsman Mechanical NSQF Level 5 1st Year Trade Theory PDF

DRAUGHTSMAN MECHANICAL NSQF LEVEL - 5 1st Year (Volume I of II) TRADE THEORY SECTOR: Capital Goods & Manufacturing DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF TRAINING MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP GOVERNMENT OF...

DRAUGHTSMAN MECHANICAL NSQF LEVEL - 5 1st Year (Volume I of II) TRADE THEORY SECTOR: Capital Goods & Manufacturing DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF TRAINING MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NATIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA INSTITUTE, CHENNAI Post Box No. 3142, CTI Campus, Guindy, Chennai - 600 032 (i) Sector : Capital Goods & Manufacturing Duration : 2 - Years Trades : Draughtsman Mechanical - 1st Year (Vol I of II) - Trade Theory - NSQF LEVEL 5 Developed & Published by National Instructional Media Institute Post Box No.3142 Guindy, Chennai - 600 032 INDIA Email: [email protected] Website: www.nimi.gov.in Copyright © 2018 National Instructional Media Institute, Chennai First Edition: December 2018 Copies: 1000 First Reprint: March 2021 Copies: 500 Rs.180/- (ii)  FOREWORD The Government of India has set an ambitious target of imparting skills to 30 crores people, one out of every four Indians, by 2020 to help them secure jobs as part of the National Skills Development Policy. Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) play a vital role in this process especially in terms of providing skilled manpower. Keeping this in mind, and for providing the current industry relevant skill training to Trainees, ITI syllabus has been recently updated with the help of Media Development Committee members of various stakeholders viz. Industries, Entrepreneurs, Academicians and representatives from ITIs. The National Instructional Media Institute (NIMI), Chennai, has now come up with instructional material to suit the revised curriculum for Draughtsman Mechanical, 1st Year (Vol I of II) Trade Theory NSQF Level - 5 in Capital Goods & Manufacturing Sector under Yearly Pattern. The NSQF Level - 5 Trade Practical will help the trainees to get an international equivalency standard where their skill proficiency and competency will be duly recognized across the globe and this will also increase the scope of recognition of prior learning. NSQF Level - 5 trainees will also get the opportunities to promote life long learning and skill development. I have no doubt that with NSQF Level - 5 the trainers and trainees of ITIs, and all stakeholders will derive maximum benefits from these Instructional Media Packages IMPs and that NIMI's effort will go a long way in improving the quality of Vocational training in the country. The Executive Director & Staff of NIMI and members of Media Development Committee deserve appreciation for their contribution in bringing out this publication. Jai Hind RAJESH AGGARWAL Director General/ Addl.Secretary Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship, Government of India. New Delhi - 110 001 (iii)  PREFACE The National Instructional Media Institute (NIMI) was established in 1986 at Chennai by then Directorate General of Employment and Training (D.G.E & T), Ministry of Labour and Employment, (now under Directorate General of Training, Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship) Government of India, with technical assistance from the Govt. of Federal Republic of Germany. The prime objective of this Institute is to develop and provide instructional materials for various trades as per the prescribed syllabi under the Craftsman and Apprenticeship Training Schemes. The instructional materials are created keeping in mind, the main objective of Vocational Training under NCVT/NAC in India, which is to help an individual to master skills to do a job. The instructional materials are generated in the form of Instructional Media Packages (IMPs). An IMP consists of Theory book, Practical book, Test and Assignment book, Instructor Guide, Audio Visual Aid (Wall charts and Transparencies) and other support materials. The trade practical book consists of series of exercises to be completed by the trainees in the workshop. These exercises are designed to ensure that all the skills in the prescribed syllabus are covered. The trade theory book provides related theoretical knowledge required to enable the trainee to do a job. The test and assignments will enable the instructor to give assignments for the evaluation of the performance of a trainee. The wall charts and transparencies are unique, as they not only help the instructor to effectively present a topic but also help him to assess the trainee's understanding. The instructor guide enables the instructor to plan his schedule of instruction, plan the raw material requirements, day to day lessons and demonstrations. IMPs also deals with the complex skills required to be developed for effective team work. Necessary care has also been taken to include important skill areas of allied trades as prescribed in the syllabus. The availability of a complete Instructional Media Package in an institute helps both the trainer and management to impart effective training. The IMPs are the outcome of collective efforts of the staff members of NIMI and the members of the Media Development Committees specially drawn from Public and Private sector industries, various training institutes under the Directorate General of Training (DGT), Government and Private ITIs. NIMI would like to take this opportunity to convey sincere thanks to the Directors of Employment & Training of various State Governments, Training Departments of Industries both in the Public and Private sectors, Officers of DGT and DGT field institutes, proof readers, individual media developers and coordinators, but for whose active support NIMI would not have been able to bring out this materials. R. P. DHINGRA Chennai - 600 032 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR (iv)  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT National Instructional Media Institute (NIMI) sincerely acknowledges with thanks for the co-operation and contribution extended by the following Media Developers and their sponsoring organisation to bring out this IMP (Trade Theory) for the trade of Draughtsman Mechanical under the Capita Goods & Manufacturing Sector for ITIs. MEDIA DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE MEMBERS Shri. V. Dhanasekaran - Assistant Director of Training (Retd) MDC Member, NIMI, Chennai - 32 Shri. G. Jayaraman - Assistant Training Officer (Retd) MDC Member, NIMI, Chennai - 32 NIMI - COORDINATORS Shri. R. Srinivas Rao - Joint Director NIMI- Chennai - 32. Shri. G. Michael Johny - Assistant Manager NIMI - Chennai -32. NIMI records its appreciation of the Data Entry, CAD, DTP Operators for their excellent and devoted services in the process of development of this Instructional Material. NIMI also acknowledges with thanks, the invaluable efforts rendered by all other staff who have contributed for the development of this Instructional Material. NIMI is grateful to all others who have directly or indirectly helped in developing this IMP. (v)  INTRODUCTION TRADE THEORY The manual of trade theory consists of theoretical information for the 1st year (Vol I of II) course of the Draughtsman Mechanical Trade. The contents are sequenced according to the practical exercise contained in the manual on Trade practical. Attempt has been made to relate the theortical aspects with the skill covered in each exercise to the extent possible. This co-relation is maintained to help the trainees to develop the perceptional capabilities for performing the skills. The Trade theory has to be taught and learnt along with the corresponding exercise contained in the manual on trade practical. The indicating about the corresponding practical exercise are given in every sheet of this manual. It will be preferable to teach/learn the trade theory connected to each exercise atleast one class before performing the related skills in the shop floor. The trade theory is to be treated as an integrated part of each exercise. Module 1 Safety 25 Hrs Module 2 Basic engineering drawing 50 Hrs Module 3 Types of curves 75 Hrs Module 4 Dimensioning and scales 75 Hrs Module 5 Projections 75 Hrs Module 6 Free hand sketching 50 Hrs Module 7 Development of surfaces and solids 50 Hrs Module 8 Intersection of solids 50 Hrs Module 9 Types of projection 50 Hrs Project work/ Industrial visit Total 575 Hrs The material is not the purpose of self learning and should be considered as supplementary to class room instruction. TRADE PRACTICAL The trade practical manual is intented to be used in workshop. It consists of a series of practical exercises to be completed by the trainees during the 1st year (Vol I of II) course of the Draughtsman Mechanical trade supplemented and supported by instructions/ informations to assist in performing the exercises. These exercises are designed to ensure that all the skills in compliance with NSQF LEVEL - 5 The skill training in the shop floor is planned through a series of practical exercises centred around some practical project. However, there are few instances where the individual exercise does not form a part of project. While developing the practical manual a sincere effort was made to prepare each exercise which will be easy to understand and carry out even by below average trainee. However the development team accept that there is a scope for further improvement. NIMI, looks forward to the suggestions from the experienced training faculty for improving the manual. (vi)  CONTENTS Lesson No. Title of the Lesson Page No. Module 1 : Safety 1.1.01 Safety 1 Organisation of the industrial training institute 2 Road safety 3 1.1.02 Guideliness for good shop floor maintenance 6 1.1.03 Basic first aid 7 1.1.04 Disposal of waste material 12 1.1.05 Familiarisation and information about the institute and trade 13 1.1.06 Over view of the subject to be taught in each semester 15 1.1.07 Occupational safety and health 17 Occupational hazard 18 Fire safety 22 Accident and safety 24 First aid 26 Basic povisions for OSH 32 Environment 33 ECO-System 38 Pollution and pollutants 40 Conservation of energy 44 Global warming - Ozone depletion layer 47 1.1.08 Safety practice - Fire extinguishers 50 Types of fire extinguishers 52 Module 2 : Basic engineering drawing 1.2.09 Drawing equipment - Drawing board, mini drafter 54 Drafting machine 56 Drawing instruments - features and their uses 57 (vii) Lesson No. Title of the Lesson Page No. Drawing office materials 59 1.2.10 Types of lines and angles 62 1.2.11 Circles 63 1.2.12 & 1.2.14 Quadrilaterals and their properties 64 1.2.15 Polygon and their properties 66 1.2.16 & 1.2.17 Layout of drawing sheet and title block 67 1.2.18 Folding of drawing sheets 72 1.2.19 Line conventions 73 1.2.20 Lettering styles 74 Module 3 : Types of curves 1.3.21 Conic sections 77 Parabolic curves 78 Hyperbola 79 1.3.22 Involute, helix and spiral curves 81 Cycloidal curves 82 Helix and spiral curves 82 Module 4 : Dimensioning and scales 1.4.23 Plain scale, comparative scales and scale of chords, Vernier scale 84 1.4.24 Dimensioning 89 Module 5 : Projections 1.5.25 Projection of points and lines 99 1.5.26 Projection of plane figures 105 1.5.27 Projection - Orthographic views of prisms, cylinder, pyramids, cone frustum of cone and sphere 108 1.5.28 Types of sectional views 112 (viii) Lesson No. Title of the Lesson Page No. Module 6 : Free hand sketching 1.6.29 Free hand skething 119 Sketch by free hand 119 1.6.30 Free hand technical sketching of machine parts/components 124 1.6.31,32 & 33 Conventions and symbols used in drawing 128 Module 7 : Development of surfaces and solids 1.7.34 to 36 Devlopment of surfaces of solids 134 Module 8 : Intersection of solids 1.8.37 Intersection 143 1.8.38 Intersection of surfaces 145 Module 9 : Types of projection 1.9.39 to 1.9.45 Isometric projection 148 Isometric scale 150 1.9.46 to 1.9.47 Oblique projection 155 (ix)  LEARNING / ASSESSABLE OUTCOME On completion of this book you shall be able to Recognize & comply with safe working pracitces, environment regulation and housekeeping. Read and apply engineering drawing for different application in the field of work. Explain energy conservation, global warming and pollution and contribute in day-to-day optimally using available resources. Understand and apply basic computer working, basic operating system and uses internet services to get accustomed & take benefit of IT developments in the industry. Construct different Geometrical figures using drawing Instruments. Draw orthographic Projections giving proper dimensioning with title block and heading using appropriate line type and scale. Construct free hand sketches of simple machine parts with correct proportions. Construct plain scale, comparative scale, diagonal scale and vernier scale. Draw Sectional views showing orthographic projections. Development of surface and interpenetration of solid in ortho- graphic projection. Draw isometric projection from orthographic views (and vice - versa) and oblique projection from orthographic views. (x)  SYLLABUS First Semester Duration: Six Month Week Ref. Learning Professional Skills Professional Knowledge No. Outcome (Trade Practical) (Trade Theory) with Indicative hours 1. Recognize &comply 1. Importance of trade training, Importance of safety and general with safe working List of tools & Machinery precautions observed in the practices, used in the trade. (02 hrs) industry/shop floor. All necessary environment 2. Safety attitude development guidance to be provided to the regulation and of the trainee by educating newcomers to become familiar housekeeping. them to use Personal with the working of Industrial Protective Equipment (PPE). Training (05 hrs) Institute system including stores 3. First Aid Method and basic procedures. training. (03 hrs) Soft Skills: its importance and Job 4. Safe disposal of waste area after completion of training. materials like cotton waste, Introduction of First aid. Operation metal chips/burrs etc. (02 hrs) of electrical mains. Introduction of 5. Hazard identification and PPEs. Introduction to 5S concept avoidance. (02 hrs) & its application. Response to 6. Safety signs for Danger, emergencies e.g. power failure, Warning, caution & personal safety message. (02 hrs) 7. Preventive measures for electrical accidents & steps to be taken in such accidents. (05 hrs) 8. Use of Fire extinguishers. (07 hrs) 2. Construct different Perform assignment using drawing Nomenclature, description and Geometrical figures instruments: use of drawing instruments & using drawing 9. Draw straight lines of a given various equipments used in Instruments length. (01hr) drawing office. Their care and 10. Draw perpendicular, inclined maintenance. (given angle) and parallel lines. Draw triangles with given sides and angles.(03hrs) 11. Construct regular polygons (up to 8 sides) on equal base. (04hrs) 12. Draw inscribed and circumscribed circles of triangle, pentagon and hexagon. (04hrs) 13. Draw a parallelogram with a given length included angle. (02hrs) 14. Draw an angle bi-sector and a line bi-sector. (08hrs) 15. Divide a line into given equal divisions. (06hrs) 3. -do- 16. Layout a A3 drawing sheet as Lay out and designation of a per Sp -46 : 2003 with margin drawing sheet as per Sp -46 : and name plate. (05hrs) 2003 Recommended scale of 17. Draw a sample title block engineering drawing as per Sp - providing details as: 46 : 2003 (xi)  (i) Title of the drawing Types of Lines and their application. (ii) Sheet number Folding of prints for filing Cabinets or (iii)Scale binding as per SP: 46-2003 (iv)Symbol, denoting the method of projection (v) Revision with sign (vi) Name of the firm (vii) Initials of staff drawn, checked and approved. (05hrs) 18. Draw different types of lines & write their uses in drawing. (05hrs) 19. Label a drawing views showing most of the types of line.(13hrs) 4 -do- 20. Write Block letters & numerals in Type of lettering proportion and single & double stroke of ratio 7:4 spacing of letters and words. and 5:4 in drawing sheet. (28hrs) 5-6 -do- 21. Construction of ellipse, parabola & Definition of ellipse, parabola, hyperbola in different methods. hyperbola, different methods of their (28hrs) construction. Definition & method of 22. Construction of involutes, cycloid drawing involutes cycloid curves, curves, helix & spiral. (28hrs) helix & spiral. 7 Draw orthographic 21. Construct object drawing with Terminology – feature, functional Projections giving dimensioning in different feature,functional dimension, proper dimensioning alignment as per SP-46. (03hrs) datum dimension, principles. with title block using 24. Create dimensions in previous Units of dimensioning, System of appropriate line type assignments. (25hrs) dimensioning, Method of and scale. dimensioning & common features. 8 -do- 25. Draw orthographic projection of Methods of obtaining orthographic points and lines. (10hrs) view. Position of the object, selection 26. Draw projection of plane figures of the views, three views of drawing. (lamina). (18hrs) Planes and their normal projections. 9-10 -do- 27. Draw orthographic projection Orthographic projection. First angle of solids- prisms, cylinders, and third angle projection. cones, pyramids. (28hrs) Principal of orthographic projection. 28. Draw orthographic projection Projection of solids like prism, of cut section/ frustums of cones, pyramids and their frustums. solids- prism, cylinders, cones, pyramids. (28hrs) 11 Construct free hand 29. Free hand sketch (in proper Methods of free hand sketching for sketches of simple proportion) of tool post of a machine parts. machine parts with Lathe, Bench Vice, Cutting correct proportions. Tools, Bolts, Stud & Nut, gland, Pipe Flange, Hand Wheel, Crane hook, Steel bracket. (28hrs) (xii)  11 Construct free hand 29. Free hand sketch (in proper Methods of free hand sketching for sketches of simple proportion) of tool post of a machine parts. machine parts with Lathe, Bench Vice, Cutting correct proportions. Tools, Bolts, Stud & Nut, gland, Pipe Flange, Hand Wheel, Crane hook, Steel bracket. (28hrs) 12 Construct free hand 30. Draw plain scales, diagonal Knowledge of different types of sketches of simple scales, comparative scales, scales, scale of cords, their machine parts with venire scale & scale of chords. appropriate uses, Principle of R.F, correct proportions. (28hrs) diagonal & vernier. 13-14 Draw Sectional 31. Sketch Conventional sings Knowledge of solid section.Types of views of orthographic and symbols. (10hrs) sectional views & their uses. Cutting projections. 32. Sketch different types of plane and its representation. Parts section lines and abbreviations for not shown in section. Conventional different materials as per SP- signs, symbols, abbreviations & 46:2003. (10hrs) hatching for different materials. 33. Draw Orthographic drawing Solution of problems to find out the of solids (viz., cube, prisms, true shape of surfaces when solids cone and pyramids) finding are cut by different cutting planes. out the true shape surfaces cut by oblique planes. (36hrs) 15-16 Develop surface and 34. Construct the development of Definition of development, its need in interpenetration of surface of cylinder, prisms, industry & different method of solid in orthographic Cone, pyramids and their developing the surfaces. projection. frustum. (28hrs) Development of surfaces bounded by 35. Draw development of an plane of revolution intersecting oblique cone with elliptical each other. Development of an base. (05hrs) oblique cone with elliptical base etc. 36. Draw the development of a Calculation of developed lengths of 3-pieces pipe elbow, a pipe geometrical solids. hole through it, a bucket and a funnel. (23hrs) 17-18 -do- 37. Construct orthographic Definition of Intersection projection of interpenetrating & interpenetration curves. Common solids (cylinder, cones, prism method to find out the curve of & pyramid) of axes right interpenetration. Solution of problems angle to each other and axes on interpenetration of prism, inclined to each other. (36hrs) cones, & pyramids with their axes 38. Generate the curves of intersecting at an angle. Intersection intersection of cylinder of cylinder. penetrating through a sphere, cone and a cylinder. (20hrs) 19 Draw isometric 39. Construct the isometric view Principle of isometric projection and projection from of Polygons and circular Isometric drawing. Methods of orthographic views lamina. (10hrs) isometric projection and (and vice-versa) 40. Draw isometric view of solid dimensioning. Isometric scale. and draw oblique geometrical figures from Difference between Isometric drawing projection from orthographic views with & Isometric projection. orthographic views. dimension. (10hrs) (xiii)  41. Draw isometric views of truncated cone and pyramid. (08hrs) 20-21 -do- 39. Construct the isometric view Principle of isometric projection and of Polygons and circular lamina. Isometric drawing. Methods of (10hrs) isometric projection and 40. Draw isometric view of solid dimensioning. Isometric scale. geometrical figures from Difference between Isometric drawing orthographic views with dimension. & Isometric projection. orthographic (10hrs) drawings for clear description of 41. Draw isometric views of the object. truncated cone and pyramid. (08hrs) 43. Construct orthographic views of hanger, bracket & support (10hrs) 44. Draw isometric view of V-block, Angle plate, sliding block. (18hrs) 45. Draw isometric drawing of a simple Journal Bearing. (10hrs.) 22 -do- 46. Draw oblique projection of Principle and types of oblique circular lamina in receding projection. Advantage of oblique axis at 30° & 45°. (05hrs) projection over isometric. Projection. 47. Draw oblique projection of levers and hollow blocks. (23hrs) 23-24 Project work/ on-the-job training: a. Create solid stepped block by thermocol and represent 1st angle and 3rd angle projection in the co-ordinate planes of paper board and transparent sheet. b. Create solid hexagonal pyramid cut of section by thermocol and represent projection and impression of true shape in the co-ordinate planes of paper board and transparent sheet. c. Prepare by paper cutting of developed surface of prisms, cone and pyramids. d. Prepare the models of interpenetrated solids (by thermocol / plasticine) e. Prepare models of V-block, angle plate, hanger and bracket. 23 - 25 Revision 26 Examination (xiv) Capital Goods & Manufacturing Related Theory for Exercise 1.1.01 Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety Safety Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to state the importance of safety list out the safety precautions to be observed in a machine shop list out the personal safety precautions to be observed list out the safety precautions to be observed while working on the machines. Generally accidents do not happen; they are caused. Most Keep the tools at their specified place. accidents are avoidable. A good craftsman, having a Wipe out splil oil immediately. knowledge of various safety precautions, can avoid accidents to himself and to his fellow workers and protect Replace worn out or damaged tools immediately. the equipment from any damage. To achieve this, it is Never direct compressed air at yourself or at your essential that every person should follow safety co-worker. procedure. (Fig 1) Ensure adequate light in the workshop. Clean the machine only when it is in switched off condition. Sweep away the chips. Know everything about the machine before you start it. Personal safety Wear a one piece overall or boiler suit. Keep the overall buttons fastened. Don't use ties mufflers and towels. Follow up the sleeves tightly above the elbow. Wear safety shoes or boots or chain. Cut the hair short &don't wear a finger ring, watch or chain. Never lean on the machine. Don't clean hands using coolant fluid. Don't remove guards when the machine is in running condition. Safety in a workshop can be broadly classified into 3 Don't use cracked or chipped tools. categories. Don't start the machine until General safety - the workpiece is securely mounted Personal safety - the feed mechanism is in the neutral position Machine safety - the work area is cleaned and clear. General safety Don't adjust clamps or holding devices while the machine Keep the floor and gangways clean and clear. is in running condition. Walk with care in the workshop, do not run. Never touch the electrical equipment with wet hands. Don't leave the machine in running condition when you Don't use any faulty electrical equipment. are not in place. Ensure that electrical connections are made by an Don't touch or handle any equipment/ machine unless authorised electrician only. authorised to do so. Concentrate on your work.Have a calm attitude. Don't walk under suspended loads. Do things in a methodical way. Don't cut jokes while on work. Don't engage yourself in conversation with others while Use the correct tools for the job. doing on your job. 1 Don't distract the attention of others. Stop the machine before changing the speed. Don't try to stop a running machine with hands. Disengage the automatic feeds before switching off. Machine safety Check the oil level before starting the machine. Switch off the machine immediately if something goes Never start a machine unless all the safety guards are in wrong. position. Keep the machine clean. Take measurements only after stopping the machine. Replace any worn out or damaged accessories, holding Use wooden planks over the bed while loading and devices, nuts, bolts etc as soon as possible. unloading heavy jobs. Do not attempt operating the machine until you know how Safety is a concept, understand it. Safety is a habit, to operate it properly. Do not adjust tool or the workpiece cultivate it. unless the power is off. Organisation of the industrial training institute Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to identify the staff structure of the institute identify the available trades in the institute and their functions. The industrial training institute throughout India follow the and a number of trade instructors as shown in the same syllabus pattern given by the National Council for organisation chart of ITI. Vocational Training (NCVT) Board. In India there are Even though there are 62 trades selected for instructional number of Govt. ITIs and Private ITIs. Based on the Govt. training and 135 trades identified for apprentice training, of India, Ministry of Labour's Annual report of 2011-2012. according to the requirement of industrial needs, area The Govt. ITIs in each state work under the Directorate and finance a few selected trades are established under of Employment and Training which is a department under each ITI. The trainees are advised to make a list of the the Labour Ministry in most of the states. trades available in their ITI, the type of training and the The head of the industrial training institute is the Principal, scope of these trades in getting self or job employment under whom there is one Vice-Principal, group instructor in the rural and urban areas. 2 CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.01 Road safety Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to list three kinds of road sign describe the marking on the road describe the various police traffic hand signal and light signal list the collision causes. In older days road locomotive carrying a red flag by day When moving vehicle approaching pedestrian crossing, and red lantern by night. Safety is the prime motive of be ready to slow down or stop to let people cross. every traffic. Do not overtake in the vicinity of pedestrian crossing. Kinds of road signs Police signals Mandatory Cautionary and Informatory Mandatory sign (Fig 1) Violation of mandatory sign can lead to penalities. Ex. Stop, give way, limits, prohibited, no parking and compulsory sign. Cautionary signs (Fig 2) Cautionary/ warming signs are especially safe. Do's and don'ts for pedestrians, cyclists, bus passengers and motorists. To stop a vehicle approaching from behind. Fig 5(1) Information signs (Fig 3) To stop a vehicle coming from front. Fig 5(2) Information signs as especially benefit to the passengers To stop vehicles approaching simultaneously from front and two wheelers. and behind. Fig 5(3) Marking lines on road (Fig 4) To stop traffic approaching from left and wanting to turn Marking lines are directing or warn to the moving right. Fig 5(4) vehicles, cyclist and pedestrians to follow the law. To stop traffic approaching from the right to allow traffic Single and short broken lines with middle of the road from left to turn right. Fig 5(5) allow the vehicle to cross the dotted lines safely To allow traffic coming from the right and turning right by overtake whenever required. stopping traffic approaching from the left. Fig 5(6) CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.01 3 Warning signal closing all traffic. Fig 5(7) Red and amber also means stop. Do not pass through or start until green shows. Fig 6(2) Beckoning on vehicles approaching from left. Fig 5(8) Green means you may go on if the way is clear. Take Beckoning on vehicles approaching from right. Fig 5(9) special care if you mean to turn left or right and give way Beckoning on vehicles from front. Fig 5(10) to pedestrians who are crossing. Fig 6(3) Amber means stop at the stop line. you may only go on if the amber appears after you have crossed the stop line or so close to it that to pull up may not be possible. Fig 6(4) Green arrow means that you may go in the direction shown by the arrow. You may do this whatever other lights may be showing. Fig 6(5) Pedestrians - do not cross. Fig 6(6) Pedestrians - cross now. Fig 6(7) Flashing red means stop at the stop line and if the way is clear proceed with caution. Fig 6(8) Flashing amber means proceed with caution. Fig 6(9) Collision causes Three factors are responsible for collision - Roads - Vehicles and - Drivers. The fig 7 shows approximately proportionate causes of collision. In wrong attitudes such that avoid foolish acts at the wheel. Driving time is not play time.(fig 8) Traffic light signals Red means stop. Wait behind the stop line on the carriage way. Fig 6(1) 4 CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.01 Information signs Warning Signs SHAPE Square or oblong. COLOUR White symbols on green background. MEANING Indicates or gives information of safety provision. Example First aid point. Prohibition signs Mandatory Signs Question about your safety Do you know the general safety rules that cover your place of work? Are you familiar with the safety laws that govern your particular job? Do you know how to do your work without causing danger to yourself, your workmates and the general public? Are the plant, machinery and tools that you use really safe? Do you know how to use them safely and keep them in a safe condition? Do you wear all the right protective clothing, and have you been provided with all the necessary safety equipment? Have you been given all the necessary safety information about the materials used? Have you been given training and instruction to enable you to do your job safely? Do you know who is responsible for safety at your place of work? Do you know who are the appointed 'Safety Representatives'? CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.01 5 Capital Goods & Manufacturing Related Theory for Exercise 1.1.02 Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety Guidelines for good shop floor maintenance Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to list the benefits of a shop floor maintanance state what is 5S list the benefits of 5S. Benefits of a shop floor maintenance 5S Wheel Some of the benefits which may be derived from the The Benefits of the 5s system utilization of a good Shop Floor Maintenance are as Increases in productivity follows: Increases in quality Improved Productivity Reduction in cost Improved operator efficiencies. Improved support operations such as replenishment moves and transportation of work in process and finished goods. Reduction of scrap Better control of your manufacturing process More timely information to assist shop floor supervisors in managing their assigned production responsiblities. Reduction of down time due to better machine and tool monitoring. Better control of Work In Progress inventory, what is is and where it is improved on time schedule performance. 5S Concept 5S is a Japanese methodology for worksplace organisation. In Japanese it stands for seiri (SORT), seiton(SET),seiso (SHINE), seiketsu(STANDARDIZE), and shitsuke (SUSTAIN). The list describes how to organize a work space for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and storing the items used, maintaining the area and items, and sustaining the new order. The list describes how to organize a work space for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and stroing the items used, maintaining the area and items, and sustaining the new order. 6 Capital Goods & Manufacturing Related Theory for Exercise 1.1.03 Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety Basic first-aid Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to state what is first aid list the key aims of first aid explain the ABC of the first aid brief how to give first-aid for a victim who need first aid. First aid is defined as the immediate care and support to provide effective, life-saving first aid interventions requires given to an acutely injured or ill person, primarily to save instruction and practical training. This is especially true life, prevent further deterioration or injury, plan to shift where it relates to potentially fatal illnesses and injuries, the victims to safer places, provide best possible comfort such as those that require cardiopulmonary resuscitation and finally help them to reach the medical centre/ hospital (CPR); these procedures may be invasive, and carry a through all available means. It is an immediate life-saving risk of further injury to the patient and the provider. As procedure using all resources available within reach. with any training, it is more useful if it occurs before an actual emergency, and in many countries, emergency Imparting knowledge and skill through institutional ambulance dispatchers may give basic first aid teaching at younger age group in schools, colleges, entry instructions over the phone while the ambulance is on point at industry level is now given much importance. the way. Training is generally provided by attending a Inculcating such habits at early age, helps to build good course, typically leading to certification. Due to regular healthcare habits among people. changes in procedures and protocols, based on updated First aid procedure often consists of simple and basic clinical knowledge, and to maintain skill, attendance at life saving techniques that an individual performs with regular refresher courses or re-certification is often proper training and knowledge. necessary. First aid training is often available through The key aims of first aid can be summarized in three community organization such as the Red cross and St. key points: John ambulance. Preserve life: If the patient was breathing, a first aider ABC of first aid would normally place them in the recovery position, ABC stands for airway, breathing and circulation. with the patient leant over on their side, which also Airway: Attention must first be brought to the airway has the effect of clearing the tongue from the pharynx. to ensure it is clear. Obstruction (choking) is a life- It also avoids a common cause of death in threatening emergency. unconscious patients, which is choking on regurgitated stomach contents. The airway can also Breathing: Breathing if stops, the victim may die become blocked through a foreign object becoming soon. Hence means of providing support for breathing lodged in the pharynx or larynx, commonly called is an important next steps. There are several methods choking. The first aider will be taught to deal with this practiced in first aid. through a combination of 'back slaps' and 'abdominal Circulation: Blood circulation is vital to keep person thrusts'. Once the airway has been opened, the first alive. The first aiders now trained to go straight to chest aider would assess to see if the patient is breathing. compressions through CPR methods. Prevent further harm: Also sometimes called When providing first aid one needs to follow some rule. prevent the condition from worsening, or danger of There are certain basic norms in teaching and training further injury, this covers both external factors, such students in the approach and administrating of first aid to as moving a patient away from any cause of harm, sick and injured. and applying first aid techniques to prevent worsening Not to get panic of the condition, such as applying pressure to stop a Panic is one emotion that can make the situation more bleed becoming dangerous. worse. People often make mistake because they get Promote recovery: First aid also involves trying to panic. Panic clouds thinking and causes mistakes. First start the recovery process from the illness or injury, aider need calm and collective approach. If the first aider and in some cases might involve completing a himself is in a state of fear and panic gross mistakes treatment, such as in the case of applying a plaster may result. It's far easier to help the suffering, when they to a small wound. know what they are doing, even if unprepared to encounter a situation. Emotional approach and response always lead Training to wrong doing and may cause one to do wrong Basic principles, such as knowing to use an adhesive procedures. Hence be calm and focus on the given bandage or applying direct pressure on a bleed, are often institution. Quick and confident approach can lessen the acquired passively through life experiences. However, effect of injury. 7 Call medical emergencies Cleaning and dressing If the situation demands, quickly call for medical Always clean the wound thoroughly before applying the assistance. Prompt approach may save the life. bandage lightly wash the wound with clean water. Not to use local medications on cuts or open wounds Surroundings play vital role They are more irritating to tissue than it is helpful. Simple Different surroundings require different approach. Hence dry cleaning or with water and some kind of bandage are first aider should study the surrounding carefully. In other best. words, one need to make sure that they are safe and are not in any danger as it would be of no help that the CPR (Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation) can be life- first aider himself get injured. sustaining Do no harm CPR can be life sustaining. If one is trained in CPR and the person is suffering from choking or finds difficulty in Most often over enthusiastically practiced first aid viz. breathing, immediately begin CPR. However, if one is administering water when the victim is unconscious, not trained in CPR, do not attempt as you can cause wiping clotted blood (which acts as plug to reduce further injury. But some people do it wrong. This is a bleeding), correcting fractures, mishandling injured parts difficult procedure to do in a crowded area. Also there etc., would leads to more complication. Patients often are many studies to suggest that no survival advantage die due to wrong FIRST AID methods, who may otherwise when bystanders deliver breaths to victims compared to easily survive. Do not move the injured person unless when they only do chest compressions. Second, it is very the situation demands. It is best to make him lie wherever difficult to carry right maneuver in wrong places. But CPR, he is because if the patient has back, head or neck injury, if carefully done by highly skilled first aiders is a bridge moving him would causes more harm. that keeps vital organs oxygenated until medical team This does not mean do nothing. It means to make sure arrives. that to do something the care givers feel confident Declaring death through training would make matters safe. If the first aider is not confident of correct handling it is better not to It is not correct to declare the victim's death at the accident intervene to do it. Hence moving a trauma victim, site. It has to be done by qualified medical doctors. especially an unconscious one, needs very careful How to report an emergency? assessment. Removal of an embedded objects (Like a knife, nail) from the wound may precipitate more harm Reporting an emergency is one of those things that seems (e.g. increased bleeding). Always it is better to call for simple enough, until actually when put to use in help. emergency situations. A sense of shock prevail at the accident sites. Large crowd gather around only with Reassurance inquisitive nature, but not to extend helping hands to the Reassure the victim by speaking encouragingly with him. victims. This is common in road side injuries. No passer- by would like to get involved to assist the victims. Hence Stop the bleeding first aid management is often very difficult to attend to If the victim is bleeding, try to stop the bleeding by the injured persons. The first aiders need to adapt multi- applying pressure over the injured part. task strategy to control the crowd around, communicate to the rescue team, call ambulance etc., all to be done Golden hours simultaneously. The mobile phones helps to a greater India have best of technology made available in hospitals deal for such emergencies. Few guidelines are given to treat devastating medical problem viz. head injury, below to approach the problems. multiple trauma, heart attack, strokes etc, but patients Assess the urgency of the situation. Before you report an often do poorly because they don't gain access to that emergency, make sure the situation is genuinely urgent. technology in time. The risk of dying from these Call for emergency services if you believe that a situation conditions, is greatest in the first 30 minutes, often is life-threatening or otherwise extremely disruptive. instantly. This period is referred to as Golden period. By the time the patient reach hospitals, they would have A crime, especially one that is currently in progress. If passed that critical period. First aid care come handy to you're reporting a crime, give a physical description save lives. It helps to get to the nearest emergency room of the person committing the crime. as quickly as possible through safe handling and A fire - If you're reporting a fire, describe how the fire transportation. The shorter the time, the more likely the stated and where exactly it is located. If someone has best treatment applied. already been injured or is missing, report that as well. Maintain the hygiene A life-threatening medical emergency, explain how the Most importantly, first aider need to wash hands and dry incident occurred and what symptoms the person before giving and first aid treatment to the patient or wear currently displays. gloves in order to prevent infection. 8 CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.03  A car crash - Location, serious nature of injures, Call emergency services vehicle's details and registration, number of people Call for help or tell someone else to call for help as soon involved etc. as possible. If alone at the accident scene, try to establish Call emergency service breathing before calling for help, and do not leave the victim alone unattended. The emergency number varies - 100 for Police & Fire, 108 for Ambulance. Determine responsiveness Report your location If a person is unconscious, try to rouse them by gently shaking and speaking to them. The first thing the emergency dispatcher will ask is where you are located, so the emergency services can get there If the person remains unresponsive, carefully roll as quickly as possible. Give the exact street address, if them on the side (recovery position) and open his you're not sure of the exact address, give approximate airway. information. Keep head and neck aligned. Give the dispatcher your phone number Carefully roll them onto their back while holding his This information is also imperative for the dispatcher to head. have, so that he or she is able to call back if necessary. Open the airway by lifting the chin.(Fig 1) Describe the nature of the emergency Speak in a calm, clear voice and tell the dispatcher why you are calling. Give the most important details first, then answer the dispatcher's follow-up question as best as you can. Do not hang up the phone until you are instructed to do so. Then follow the instructions you were given. How to do basic first aid? Basic first aid refers to the initial process of assessing and addressing the needs of someone who has been Look, listen and feel for signs of breathing injured or is in physiological distress due to choking, a Look for the victim's chest to raise and fall, listen for heart attack, allergic reactions, drugs or other medical sounds of breathing. emergencies. Basic first aid allows one to quickly determine a person's physical condition and the correct If the victim is not breathing, see the section below course of treatment. If the victim is breathing, but unconscious, roll them Important guideline for first aiders onto their side, keeping the head and neck aligned with the body. This will help drain the mouth and Evaluate the situation prevent the tongue or vomit from blocking the airway. Are there things that might put the first aider at risk. When Check the victim's circulation faced with accidents like fire, toxic smoke, gasses, an unstable building, live electrical wires or other dangerous Look at the victim's colour and check their pulse (the scenario, the first aider should be very careful not to rush carotid artery is a good option; it is located on either side into a situation, which may prove to be fatal. of the neck, below the jaw bone). If the victim does not have a pulse, start CPR. Remember A-B-Cs Treat bleeding, shock and other problems as needed The ABCs of first aid refer to the three critical things the first aiders need to look for. After establishing that the victim is breathing and has a pulse, next priority should be to control any bleeding. Airway - Does the person have an unobstructed Particularly in the case of trauma, preventing shock is airway? the priority. Breathing - Is the person breathing? Stop bleeding: Control of bleeding is one of the most Circulation - Does the person show a pulse at major important things to save a trauma victim. Use direct pulse points (wrist, carotid artery, groin) pressure on a wound before trying any other method Avoid moving the victim of managing bleeding. Avoid moving the victim unless they are immediate Treat shock: Shock, a loss of blood flow from the danger. Moving a victim will often make injuries worse, body, frequently follows physical and occasionally especially in the case of spinal cord injuries. psychological trauma. A person in shock will frequently have ice cold skin, be agitated or have an altered mental status, and have pale colour to the skin around the face and lips. Untreated, shock can be fatal. CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.03 9  Anyone who has suffered a severe injury or Drowsiness life-threatening situation is at risk for shock. Headache Choking victim: Choking can cause death or Inability to speak or move parts of his or her body (see permanent brain damage within minutes. stroke symptoms) Treat a burn: Treat first and second degree burns by Light headedness immersing or flushing with cool water. Don't use creams, butter or other ointments, and do not pop Loss of bowel or bladder control (incontinence) blisters. Third degree burns should be covered with Rapid heartbeat (palpitation) a damp cloth. Remove clothing and jewellery from the burn, but do not try to remove charred clothing Stupor that is stuck to burns. First aid Treat a concussion: If the victim has suffered a blow Call EMERGENCY number. to the head, look for signs of concussion. Common symptoms are: loss of consciousness following the Check the person's airway, breathing, and pulse injury, disorientation or memory impairment, vertigo, frequently. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and nausea, and lethargy. CPR. Treat a spinal injury victim: If a spinal injury is If the person is breathing and lying on the back and suspected, it is especially critical, not move the after ruling out spinal injury, carefully roll the person victim's head, neck or back unless they are in onto the side, preferably left side. Bend the top leg so immediate danger. both hip and knee are at right angles. Gently tilt the head back to keep the airway open. If breathing or Stay with the victim until help arrives pulse stops at any time, roll the person on to his back Try to be a calming presence for the victim until and begin CPR. assistance can arrive. If there is a spinal injury, the victims position may have Unconsciousness (COMA) to be carefully assessed. If the person vomits, roll the entire body at one time to the side. Support the Unconscious also referred as Coma, is a serious life neck and back to keep the head and body in the same threatening condition, when a person lie totally senseless position while you roll. and do not respond to calls, external stimulus. But the basic heart, breathing, blood circulation may be still intact, Keep the person warm until medical help arrives. or they may also be failing. If unattended it may lead to If you see a person fainting, try to prevent a fall. Lay death. the person flat on the floor and raise the level of feet The condition arises due to interruption of normal brain above and support. activity. The causes are too many. If fainting is likely due to low blood sugar, give the Shock (Cardiogenic, Neurogenic) person something sweet to eat or drink when they become conscious. Head injury (Concussion, Compression) DO NOT Asphyxia (obstruction to air passage) Do not give an unconscious person any food or drink. Extreme of body temperature (Heat, Cold) Do not leave the person alone. Cardiac arrest (Heart attack) Do not place a pillow under the head of an Stroke (Cerbro-vascular accident) unconscious person. Blood loss (Haemorrhage) Do not slap an unconscious person's face or splash Dehydration (Diarrohea & vomiting) water on the face to try to revive him. Diabetes (Low or high sugar) Loss of consciousness may threaten life if the person is on his back and the tongue has Blood pressure (Very low or very high) dropped to the back of the throat, blocking the Over dose of alcohol, drugs airway. Make certain that the person is breathing before looking for the cause of Poisoning (Gas, Pesticides, Bites) unconsciousness. If the injuries permit, place Epileptic fits (Fits) the casualty in the recovery position with the neck extended. Never give anything by mouth Hysteria (Emotional, Psychological) to an unconscious casualty. The following symptoms may occur after a person has been unconscious: Confusion 10 CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.03  Shock(Fig 3) A severe loss of body fluid will lead to a drop in blood pressure. Eventually the blood's circulation will deteriorate and the remaining blood flow will be directed to the vital organs such as the brain. Blood will therefore be directed away from the outer area of the body, so the victim will appear pale and the skin will feel ice cold. How to diagnose an unconscious injured person Consider alcohol: look for signs of drinking, like empty bottles or the smell of alcohol. Consider epilepsy: are there signs of a violent seizure, such as saliva around the mouth or a generally dishevelled scene? Think insulin: might the person be suffering from insulin shock (see 'How to diagnose and treat insulin shock")? Think about drugs: was there an overdose? Or might the person have under dosed - that is not taken enough of a prescribed medication? Consider trauma: is the person physically injured? Look for signs of infection: redness and/ or red streaks around a wound. Look around for signs of Poison: an empty bottle of pills or a snakebite wound. Consider the possibility of psychological trauma: might the person have a psychological disorder of some sort? Consider stroke, particularly for elderly people. Treat according to what you diagnose. CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.03 11 Capital Goods & Manufacturing Related Theory for Exercise 1.1.04 Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety Safety practice - fire extinguishers Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to state the effects of a fire breakout state the causes for fire in the workshop state the conditions required for combustion relevant to fire prevention state the general precautionary measures to be taken for fire prevention. Waste material Cotton waste Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity, Metal chips of different material. such as that of factories, mills and mines. Oily waste such as lubricating oil, coolant etc. List of waste material (Fig 1) Other waste such as electrical, glass etc. Methods of waste disposal Burning the waste material If you cannot recycle or if there are no proper places for setting up landfills, you can burn the waste matter generated in your household. Controlled burning of waste at high temperatures to produce steam and ash is a preferred waste disposal techinque. Advantage of waste disposal Ensures workshop neat & tidy Reduces adverse impact on health Improves economic efficiency Reduce adverse impact on environment Colour code for bins for waste segregation Sl.no. Waste Material Color code Recycling Recycling is one of the most well known method of 1 Paper Blue managing waste. It is not expensive and can be easily done by you. If you carry out recycling, you will save a lot 2 Plastic Yellow of energy, resources and thereby reduce pollution. 3 Metal Red Composting 4 Glass Green This is a natural process that is completely free of any hazardous by-products. This process involves breaking 5 Food Black down the materials into organic compounds that can be 6. Others Sky blue used as manure. Landfills Waste management through the use of landfills involves the use of a large area. This place is dug open and filled with the waste. 12 Capital Goods & Manufacturing Related Theory for Exercise 1.1.05 Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety Familiarisation and information about the institute and trade Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to state the general training system state the rules and regulation of the institute and trade. Training system Plan and organize assigned work and detect & resolve issues during execution. Demonstrate possible solutions General and agree tasks with in the team. Communicate with The Directorate General of Training (DGT) under Ministry required clarity and understand technical English. of Skill Develpment & Entrepreneurship offers range of Sensitive to environment, self-learning and productivity. vocational training courses catering to the need of Job duties and tasks for “Mechanical drafter” different sectors of economy labour market. The vocational training programmes are delivered under 1 Produce drawings using computer assisted drafting aegis of National Council of Vocatinal Training (NCVT). systems (CAD) or drafting machines or by hand using Craftsman Training Scheme (CTS) and Apprenticeship compasses, dividers, protractors, triangles and other Training Scheme (ATS) are two pioneer programmes of drafting devices. NCVT for propagating vocational training. 2 Draft plans and detailed drawings for structures, Draughtsman Mechanical trade under CTS is one of the installations, and Production projects such as working popular courses delivered nationwide through network from sketches or notes. of ITIs. The course is of two years (04 semester) duration. 3 Draw detail parts of machines. Assembly drawing, It mainly consists of Domain area and Core area. In the wiring draw unit limits, fits and trendances. Domain area-trade theory and practical impart professional skills and knowledge; while core area This course is meant for the candidates who aspire to; imparts workshop calculation and science, and 1 Use and maintain in good condition -drawing Employability Skills impart requisite core skills & instruments, slide rule, survey instrument, autolevel, knowledge and life skills. After passing out the training digital theodolite, total station, GPS, computer & programme, the trainee is being awarded National Trade drafting software, plotter & printer etc. Certificate (NTC) by NCVT which are recognized worldwide. 2 Plan and draw of elevation-sectional views. About the trade 3 Prepare working drawings of all types of machine part line sketches in CAD. What do draftsman do? 4 Planning, drawing, estimating, and costing production Draftsmen, also called drafters, perform some of the manufacturing. Drawing plans by using CAD. Making same tasks as desingers and often work with design. of 3D models of mechanical and Giving detail Draftsmen, prepare CAD drawings. However, drafting can information of work etc. be applied to many other areas besides production and manufacturing. Drafting can be used to create drawings 5 Prepare proposals for drainages and water supply of circuitry or mechanical designs. A draftsman’s CAD for a given building including preparation of detailed drawings include technical details and specifications such drawings. as materials, dimensions and procedures. In addition to 6 Plot the longitudinal section and cross - section for a using CAD, draftsmen also use calculators, tables and proposed road and calculate the earth work and technical handbooks. materials for road work. The type of work a draftsman does depends on his or 7 Draw the parts of R.C.C structures and steel sections. her area of expertise. For example, drafters produce Prepare working drawing of R.C.C structures from drawings for new manufacturing projects. They may the given field data. specialize in or in the type of material used, such as steel, timber design drafters. Mechanical prepare drawings 8 Draw from sketches or specifications various types for use in major mechanical projects, such as production. and cross - section of roads culverts, bridges, Railways & irrigation structures in CAD. Draftsmen are responsible for creating technical drawings that accurately represent design ideas. 9 Carry out the surveying by using latest equipments Draftsmen use hand drawing and computer - aided (Auto level, Digital theodolite, total station, GPS). drafting methods to generate precise drawings that meet Options for employment are given specifications and are used by manufacturers and engineers. Private sector opportunities shall be as Draftsman, CADD operators. 13 Options for Self- Employment are He should not wear loose clothes and this may be the cause for accident while crossing in shops floor. The Trainee shall be able to independently undertake mechanical drawing, estimation & costing consultant for He should have good attitude and behave with good production & manufacturing work. He can set up his own manner to all the staff members his fellow students office for above work. and to his senior students. Rules and regulation of the institute and trade He should take part in the activities of the institute. The trainees who are all got admission in I.T.I has to He should maintain discipline of the class room and follow same general rates stiuplated by the institution, the institution. and those are given below He should not spoil the environment of institute. The trainees who are all got admission in I.T.I has to (Note : The above rules and regulation are also follow same general rates stipulated by the institution, compulsory for the Girl trainees to adhere) and those are given below Employment oppurtunities for traniee for traniee from this He should try to earn good room from the institution trade as draftsman - sr. draughtsman - chief draughtsman The trainees should attend the institution correct in - vocational instructor shall be availables in central & punctuality should be maintained. state government departments. He should be very sincere and faithfull not only to this instructor but also other instructors and staff of the institute. He should attend were proper formal dress as specified by the institute. 14 CG& M : D’man Mechanical (NSQF LEVEL - 5) - R.T For Exercise 1.1.05 Capital Goods & Manufacturing Draughtsman Mechanical - Safety R. T. for Exercise 1.1.06 Overview of the subject to be taught in each semester Objectives: At the end of this lesson you shall be able to state the subject to be learned in each semester. Overview of the subject to be taught for each The following are minimum broad learning outcomes after semester completion of the Draughtsman mechanical course of two years duration: During the two years duration, a candidate is trained on subject viz. Professional Skill, Professional Knowledge, 1. Recognize & comply with safe working practices, Workshop Science & Calculation and Employability Skills. environment regulation and housekeeping. In addition to this, a candidate is entrusted to undertake 2 Work in a team, understand and practice soft skills, project work and Extra Curricular Activities to build up technical english to communicate with required clarity. confidence. The practical skills are imparted in simple to complex manner & simultaneously theory subject is 3 Demonstrate knowledge of concept and principles of taught in the same fashion to apply cognitive knowledge basic arithmetic, algebraic, trigonometric, statistics, while executing tasks. The practical part starts with simple co-ordinate system and apply knowledge of specific geometrical drawing and finally ends with preparing area to perform practical operations. sanction plan of Residential / Public building; drawing of 4 Understand and explain basic science in the field of roads, bridges, railway tracts, dams and Estimation and study including basic electrical, and hydraulics & costing of civil works at the end of the course. pneumatics. The broad components covered under Professional Skill 5 Read and apply engineering drawing for different subject are as below. application in the field of work. Job area after completion of training 6 Understand and explain the concept in productivity, After completion of this training trainees maybe able to quality tools, and labour welfare legislation and apply earn their livelihood. Environment of I.T.I is differs from such in day-to-day work to improve productivity & the schools education. In I.T.I we concentrate more time quality. in practical training i.e he has to obtain good skill in the 7 Explain energy conservation, global warming and trade in which he trained. Hence we can say I.T.I.s are pollution and contribute in day-to-day work for institutions which lay the carpet for self job opportunity personal & societal growth. and differ job opportunity in public sector and private sector. 8 Explain personnel finance, entrepreneurship and manage/organize related task in day-to-day work for There are so many departments in public sector and personal & societal growth. private sector which provides the job opportunity for the trade of Draughtsman Civil. 9 Understand and apply basic operating system and uses internet services to get accustomed & take The name of some public sectors are given below. benefit of IT developments in the industry. C.P.N.D Semester - I Railways 10 Construct different geometrical figures using drawing Military Engineering instruments. DET of states 11 Draw orthographic projecions giving proper dimensioning with title block and heading using BEL appropriate line type and scale. BHEL 12 Construct free hand sketches of simple machine parts Golden Rock Trichy with correct proportions. Automic power station 13 Construct plain scale, comparative scale, diagonal scale and vernier scale. Now Government of India passed an order in parliament those are all trained in particular group of trades such as 14 Draw sectional views showing orthographic D’man Civil, D’man Mechanic and Mechanic shop group projections. of trades, they can join in 2nd year of diploma courses in 15 Develop surface and interpeneration of solid in the respective states. orthographic views ( and vice - versa) and draw Subject to be taught in the trade of D’man Mechanical oblique projection from orthographic views. for each semester 15 16 Draw isometric projection from orthographic views (and 22 Draw detail and assembly drawing of machine parts vice-versa) and draw oblique projection from Viz., Pulleys, pipe fittings, gears and cams applying orthographic views. range of cognitive and practical skills. Semester - II 23 Construct drawing and engine parts with detailed and assembly in template layout applying quality concept 17 Draw and indicate the specification of different types in CAD. of fasteners, welds and locking devices as per SP - 46:2003 24 Create 3D solid by switching to 3D modeling workspace in CAD, generate views, print preview and 18 Acquire basic knowledge on tools and equipment of plotting allied trades viz, fitter, turner, machinist, sheet metal worker, welder, foundry man, electrician and Semester - IV maintenace motor vehicles. 25 Construct detailed and assembled drawing applying 19 Draw different types of gears, couplings and bearing conventional sign & symbols. with tolerance dimension and indicating surface finish 26 Prepare drawing of machine part by measuring with symbol. gauges and measuring instruments 20 Create 2D objects on CAD drawing space using 27 Draw a machine shop layout considering process path commands from ribbon, menu bar, toolbars and by and ergonomics (human factor). typing in command prompt. 28 Create and plot assembly and detail views of a Semester - III machine part with dimension, Annotation, tit