Dissolution, Solubility, and Diffusion Specific Aims PDF

[Dissolution, solubility, and diffusion -- specific aims] 1\. Be able to define dissolution and to describe the two stages of dissolution of a solid in a liquid. 2\. Be able to define solubility and miscibility, and to describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated solutions. What is th...

[Dissolution, solubility, and diffusion -- specific aims] 1\. Be able to define dissolution and to describe the two stages of dissolution of a solid in a liquid. 2\. Be able to define solubility and miscibility, and to describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated solutions. What is the most likely result of a solid that is added to a solution beyond its solubility limit? 3\. Be able to describe classification of solvents based on their intermolecular forces, and to provide major examples to polar, semipolar, and nonpolar solvents. 4\. Be able to define diffusion. Is diffusion a relatively fast or slow process? Be able to provide examples of processes in the pharmaceutical sciences that involve diffusion. 5\. Be able to explain regarding diffusion whether the passage of matter through a solid barrier can occur by simple molecular diffusion, by movement through solvent-filled pores, or both. 6\. Be able to explain regarding diffusion through a nonporous media whether it depends on the solubility of the permeating molecules in the bulk membrane, or not. Is the following statement: "The diffusion of a drug through a polymeric membrane involves dissolution of the drug in the matrix of the membrane" true or false? 7\. Be able to explain regarding diffusion through solvent-filled pores whether it is mostly influenced by relative size of the penetrating molecules, diameter and shape of the pores, or both. 8\. Be able to describe regarding a membrane that has polymeric strands with branching and intersecting channels, whether the diffusing molecules (diffusants) pass through the tortuous pores formed by the overlapping strands of the polymer, or dissolve in the polymer matrix and pass through the film by simple diffusion? 9\. Be able to describe mechanisms of diffusion through biological membranes, including transcellular and paracellular diffusion and diffusion using membrane transporters. 10\. Be able to describe Fick's first law of diffusion and the factors that may influence flux according to this law. When will the diffusion stop? Why is there a negative sign in this equation? What are the main factors that affect the diffusion coefficient?