Disease Control & Eradication in India PDF

Disease for Control Elimination & Eradication CONTROL ELIMINATION ERADICATION  CONTROL Reduction in the incidence, prevalence, morbidity or mortality of an infectious disease to a locally acceptable level Dowdle 1998 Ro...

Disease for Control Elimination & Eradication CONTROL ELIMINATION ERADICATION  CONTROL Reduction in the incidence, prevalence, morbidity or mortality of an infectious disease to a locally acceptable level Dowdle 1998 Routine intervention measures essential  ELIMINATION Elimination as reduction to zero of the incidence of disease or infection in a defined geographical area Continued intervention measure are needed to prevent re-emergence & re-establishment of transmission of disease.  ERADICATION Permanent reduction to ‘zero’ of the worldwide incidence of infection Routine intervention measure are no longer needed once interruption of transmission has been certified worldwide  SMALL POX World has eradicated only one disease till date Last case reported in Somalia…26th Oct 1977. 2 years before in India, Bihar..17th May1975 Declared eradicated in 8th May 1980 India declared Small pox free in July 1977. 3 diseases planning for eradication in world o Poliomyelitis o Measles o Guinea worm infection  DISEASES ERADICTED FROM INDIA ✔ Small Pox ✔ Guinea worm ✔ Yaws /Endemic treponematosis ✔ Poliomyelitis  Guinea worm Infection spread via stagnant water In India eradication project launched in 1983-84 Two third of cases was reported in MP& Rajasthan Last case reported in 1996 India declared disease free in 2000, by WHO  Yaws Bacterial infection of skin, bone & joints 1st country to be eradicated Between 1952-64, 0.2 million death occurred in Odisha, MP, Maharashtra, Andhara,TN Eradication program launched…1996-97 Last cases in India…Oct 2003 in tribal groups Elimination…Sept 2006 Eradication..July 2016  Poliomyelitis Polio virus2/wild poliovirus has been eliminated in India Polio eradication campaign …1995 by the help of live polio vaccine Efforts to eradicate global polio began at…1998 Globally, polio cases reduced by 99% Last case in India…13th Jan 2011 Polio eradicated In India…20th Sep 2016  Yellow fever Transmitted through mosquito Two types based on clinical &etiological factor…Urban and Jungle Vaccination avilable Not present in India  Disease eliminated from India Below is the list of diseases which India officially declared itself free from all mentioned ✔ Small pox ✔ Guinea worm ✔ Yaws ✔ Polio 5.Leprosy 6.Tetanus 7.Avian influenza  Leprosy Infectious disease causing skin lesions and nerve damage Important cause of global chronic neurological disability National leprosy control program launched in 1955 Elimination criteria for leprosy- less than one case of leprosy per 10,000 population Elimination at National level – Dec 2005 2016, ICMR did sample study,almost same as of 2005 Eradication program-’SPARSH’Leprosy awareness campaign…launched on 30th Jan 2017 WORLD LEPROSY DAY  Tetanus (Maternal & Neonatal) Increased coverage of maternal tetanus immunization (TT) Aug 2015,eliminated in India 14th July 2016 ‘Janani Suraksha Yogana’ encouraged women to give birth in a health facility  Avian Influenza Outbreak in India…Oct2016 – Feb 17 Many states, including Kerala (allapuza & kottayam)….H5N1 & H5N8 India declared itself free from Avian influenza (H5N1 and H5N8) from June 6th 2017….notified to WHO for animal health  India National Centre for Disease Control Assist states with infectious disease control through assistance multidisciplinary outbreak investigation, communicable disease surveillance, networking of public health lab and capacity building.  National Control Program National program for family planning & primary healthcare National vector born disease control program Acute respiratory infection program Expanded program for immunization National malaria control program National diarrheal control program National tuberculosis control program  National Control Program National nutritional program Women health project National maternal, neonatal & child health program National program for prevention & control of hepatitis National program for prevention & control of blindness National program on non-communicable disease National program on mental health & injuries National dengue fever control program Thank you