Signalanalyse Exam Notes PDF

# Signalanalyse, things to know. - All pop-up quizzes. ## Signals and Statistics (Lecture 1) - Discretization - Sampling - Nyquist theorem - Quantization - Quantization error, MSB, LSB - Mean, standard deviation - Histogram - Normal distribution - Precision vs. Accuracy ##...

# Signalanalyse, things to know. - All pop-up quizzes. ## Signals and Statistics (Lecture 1) - Discretization - Sampling - Nyquist theorem - Quantization - Quantization error, MSB, LSB - Mean, standard deviation - Histogram - Normal distribution - Precision vs. Accuracy ## Number representation (Lecture 2) - Integer (fixed point) - Signed and unsigned - real numbers (floating point) - Single and double - Number precision - Integer: gap is always 1 - Floats: the higher the number, the higher the gap (gap is approx. 10 million times the number) - Round-off error ## Linear Systems (Lecture 3) - Definition of a linear system - Homogeneity + additivity - LTI system - Linear + shift variance - Synthesis, decomposition, superposition and its meaning for signal analysis and system analysis - Decomposition - Impulse decomposition - Step decomposition - Fourier decomposition ## Fourier Transform (Lecture 3) - Discrete fourier transform (DFT) - For periodic discrete signals - FFT is a fast algorithm to calculate the DFT - Polar notation, rectangular notation - What do we see in a DFT plot - Magnitude + phase, real + imaginary part - What is the variable on the y and x axis. ## Frequency plot (Lecture 4) - What to expect in the frequency plot - How does white noise look like - How does power line noise look like - Antialias filter roll-off. - Signal content - Fundamental frequency + higher harmonics - All periodic signals except sinusoidals have higher harmonics - What defines the frequency resolution - What is STFT - DFT of a single cosine, an impulse, a flat line - Duality: + +, - -, x* ## Convolution (Lecture 5) - What is convolution - What is it used for - Unusable part at beginning and end of convoluted signal - linear phase vs. nonlinear phase ## Heart sound (Lecture 6) - s1 and s2 - how do they look like in the time and frequency domain ## Filters (Lecture 7) - are fully represented by impulse, step or frequency response - what is what - frequency response parameters - roll-off - passband attenuation - stopband attenuation - cut-off frequency - step response parameters - transition speed - overshoot - phase linearity - filter categories ## Moving average (Lecture 7) - what is it good for - how does it work - influence of filter size M ## FIR Frequency separation filters (Lecture 8) - types of frequency separation filters - Lowpass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject - Windowed-sync - Hamming vs. blackman window - Influence of kernel length - How to improve stopband attenuation - How do you get a high-pass, band-pass, and band-reject out of a low-pass filters ## IIR filters (Lecture 11) - What does recursive filter mean - Single pole is the analogon to moving average - IIR filters have nonlinear phase, what is the effect? - How does the roll-off depend on the cut-off frequency? - Stability and round-off noise - Advantages and disadvantages of FIR and IIR filters