CST8118 Computer Essentials: Electronic Waste (e-waste) PDF

CST8118 Computer Essentials Week 14 Electronic Waste (e-waste)  Week 14 Electronic Waste (e-waste) What is e-waste? What are the concerns regarding e-waste? Examples of toxic compounds found in e-waste What are the problems with disposal of e-waste? Why re...

CST8118 Computer Essentials Week 14 Electronic Waste (e-waste)  Week 14 Electronic Waste (e-waste) What is e-waste? What are the concerns regarding e-waste? Examples of toxic compounds found in e-waste What are the problems with disposal of e-waste? Why recycle e-waste? What are the regulations on e-waste? Secure disposal of e-waste How do you dispose of e-waste? 2  Welcome This presentation will provide an overview of electronic waste, also known as e-waste. 3  What is electronic waste (e-waste)? Electronic waste or e-waste may be defined as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment devices, cell phones, TVs, light bulbs, and refrigerators. This definition includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal. In 2022 the global amount of e-waste hit 59.4 million metric tonnes and is expected to reach 74 million metric tonnes by 2030. “Canadas electronic waste more than tripled in 20 years” “Canada produced close to one million tones of e-waste in 2020, and this is expected to reach 1.2 million tons annually by 2030” 4  What are the concerns regarding e-waste? The main concerns are environmental and human health. Handling of e-waste during recycling and disposal can cause bodily harm as the waste can be heavy (crushing accidents), contain sharp metal and broken glass (cuts, lacerations), unexpected energy discharges , and explosions. Exposure to toxic compounds during recycling , or via release to the environment if improperly disposed of. Breathing toxic dust, touching toxic compounds Animals exposed to toxins released into the environment 5  Examples of toxic compounds found in e-waste Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Sulfur, Brominated Flame Retardants, Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Beryllium oxide, Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Health effects include impaired cognition, organ damage, cancer, reproductive harm. These health effects also impact animals living in environments where e-waste is disposed of. Toxic compounds can bioaccumulate in larger animals used as food sources by people. 6  What are the problems with disposal of e-waste? When electronics are not recycled, they are shipped to place such as: Guiya China, India, Ghana (Agbogbloshie), Nigeria, Philippines Scrapyard workers take apart e-waste by hand, risking bodily harm, releasing burning parts to extract metals [1, 3] See: The World's Junkyard for Electronic Scrap | Digital Dumping in Ghana | ENDEVR Documentary. youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVnu0doouJI Electronic waste is recycled by burning and shredding, releasing toxins. 7  Why recycle e-waste? Recovering gold and copper and other rare earth materials such as Indium are very profitable. There can be up to 100 times more gold in 1 tone of e-waste than 1 tone of gold ore. Best practice e-waste recycling techniques reduce the amount of toxic material released into the environment. 8  What are the regulations on e-waste? E-waste in Canada is largely regulated at the provincial and territorial level [4, 5] The federal government focusing on electronic disposal laws internationally and between provinces. Ontario has an Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) regulation that was updated in 2020. Producers of electronic devices need to set up waste collection free of charge, recycle waste, and implement educational programs for the public. Canada is also a signatory to the Basel Convention Full name “Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal” 9  Secure disposal of electronic waste Ensure that hard drives are erased – zero the drives, example web resources: https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-properly-prep-your-pc-for-disposal https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/secure-erase-ssd-or-hard-drive If you are not going to recycle the drive i.e., sell it, you can drill a hole in the platter and/or drive a bolt through it. When disposing of cell phone – often setting the phone back to factory default is often enough to wipe personal data on it. (Wipe means securely erase data). Turn off phone location service such as find my iPhone feature. Do not report your cell phone as lost or stolen to your service provider. Remove the SIM card and removable memory cards and wipe them. 10  How do you dispose of e-waste? Many stores that sell electronic devices also have programs where you can drop off electronic waste for proper disposal. Examples include but are not limited to: Note that Algonquin College is not affiliated with these vendors, these are examples only for educational purposes. Best Buy https://www.bestbuy.ca/en-ca/help/haul-away-and-recycling/battery-and-e lectronic-recycling-program Staples https://www.staples.ca/a/content/sustainability 11  How do you dispose of e-waste? Many stores that sell electronic devices also have programs where you can drop off electronic waste for proper disposal. Examples include but are not limited to: Note that Algonquin College is not affiliated with these vendors, these are examples only for educational purposes. The Home Depot https://www.homedepot.ca/en/home/corporate-information/our-communit y/thd-and-the-environment/eco-options/recycling-program.html Lowe’s https://www.lowes.ca/services/recycling-centre (includes fluorescent light bulbs which contain mercury) 12  How do you dispose of e-waste? Search online for more information from your municipality (city) Examples Ottawa, Ontario, Canada https://ottawa.ca/en/garbage-and-recycling/hazardous-waste-and-special-items Pembroke, Ontario, Canada https://pembroke.ca/en/living-here/electronic-hazardous-and-special-waste.aspx 13  Conclusion In this lesson we reviewed: What is e-waste? What are the concerns regarding e-waste? Examples of toxic compounds found in e-waste What are the problems with disposal of e-waste? Why recycle e-waste? What are the regulations on e-waste? Secure disposal of e-waste How do you dispose of e-waste? 14  References Electronic waste. wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_waste (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Canada's electronic waste more than tripled in 20 years, UW study indicates https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/university-waterloo-electronic- waste-1.6835910 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) The World's Junkyard for Electronic Scrap | Digital Dumping in Ghana | ENDEVR Documentary. youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVnu0doouJI (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) E-waste Management in Canada. schroeder-inc.co. https://schroeder-inc.com/white-papers/e-waste-management-in-canada/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) 15  References E-waste Disposal, Management, and Recycling Laws. techreset.com. https://techreset.com/itad-guides/e-waste-disposal-management-and-recycling-law s/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Basel Convention. wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_Convention (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) 16  Recommended Resources How to Dispose of Lightbulbs. homedepot.com, https://www.homedepot.com/c/ab/how-to-dispose-of-lightbulbs/9ba683603be9fa5395fab901b2 63d806 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Here’s how you can dispose of your household hazardous waste in Ottawa. ottawa.ctv.news.ca. https://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/here-s-how-you-can-dispose-of-your-household-hazardo us-waste-in-ottawa-1.5873704 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Lightbulb Recycling – Ottawa Valley Waste Recovery Centre (OVWRC). ovwrc.com. https://ovwrc.com/lightbulb-recycling/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Resources | Free Full-Text | Electronic Waste and Existing Processing Routes: A Canadian Perspective. mdpi.com. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/5/4/35 17 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023)  Recommended Resources A first comprehensive estimate of electronic waste in Canada. sciencedirect.com. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389423001474 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) ALEXANDER SAWICKI. E-Waste Management in Ontario: Correcting Past Stumbles with Policy Lessons from the EU. carleton.ca. https://carleton.ca/caneunet/wp-content/uploads/Sawicki-Alexander-E-Waste-Mana gement-Ontario-EU.pdf (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) E-waste Regulation 522/20 published in Ontario. https://sphera.ec4p.com/. https://sphera.ec4p.com/resources/news/e-waste-regulation-522-20-published-in-o ntario (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) 18  Recommended Resources Tom Li. E-waste, tech’s big dirty secret. itworldcanada.com. https://www.itworldcanada.com/article/e-waste-techs-big-dirty-secret/481142 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) The Challenge Of Legislating E-Waste Recycling. call2recycle.org. https://www.call2recycle.org/the-challenge-of-legislating-e-waste-recycling/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Regulations for Recycling of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) and Batteries under the Resource Recovery and Circular Economy Act, 2016. ero.ontario.ca, https://ero.ontario.ca/notice/019-0048 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) 19  Recommended Resources How to manage our growing pile of electronic waste. policyoptions.irpp.org. https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/august-2023/electronic-waste-manageme nt/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) New E-waste regulation reduces electronic waste. ept.ca. https://www.ept.ca/2020/11/new-e-waste-regulation-reduces-electronic-waste/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) E-Waste Woes: Five ways Canadians can increase e-waste recycling rates. environmentjournal.ca. https://environmentjournal.ca/e-waste-woes-five-ways-canadians-can-increase-e-w 20 aste-recycling-rates/  Recommended Resources Ontario announces new e-waste regulation and initiative. environmentjournal.ca. https://environmentjournal.ca/ontario-takes-action-on-e-waste-with-new-regulation/ (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) Canada's Recycling Laws. delltechnologies.com. https://www.delltechnologies.com/asset/en-us/solutions/business-solutions/legal-pr icing/canada-recycling-regulations-by-province.pdf (Accessed Nov 21, 2023) E-waste. ised-isde.canada.ca. https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/office-consumer-affairs/en/be-green-consumer/e-w aste 21 (Accessed Nov 21, 2023)