CSS_Q1_Week4.pdf

Click to edit Master title style TLE 10 Computer Systems Servicing Quarter 1 - Week 4 1 Click to edit Master title style Network Operating System 2 2 Click to edit Master title style Peer to Peer Networking Client...

Click to edit Master title style TLE 10 Computer Systems Servicing Quarter 1 - Week 4 1 Click to edit Master title style Network Operating System 2 2 Click to edit Master title style Peer to Peer Networking Client Server Networking 3 3  Click Peer to toedit PeerMaster title style Networking a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created when two or more PCs are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer. A P2P network can be an ad hoc connection—a couple of computers connected via a Universal Serial Bus to transfer files. A P2P network also can be a permanent infrastructure that links a half-dozen computers in a small office over copper wires. Or a P2P network can be a network on a much grander scale in which special protocols and applications set up direct relationships among users over the Internet. Peer-to-peer networking is an approach to computer networking in which all computers share equivalent responsibility for processing data. Peer-to-peer networking (also known as peer networking) differs from client-server networking, where specific devices have responsibility for providing or serving data, and other devices consume or otherwise act as clients of those servers. 4 4  Characteristics Click of title to edit Master a Peer Network style Peer-to-peer networking is common on small local area networks (LANs), particularly home networks. Both wired and wireless home networks can be configured as peer-to-peer environments. Computers in a peer-to-peer network run the same networking protocols and software. Peer network devices are often situated physically near one another, typically in homes, small businesses, and schools. Some peer networks, however, use the internet and are geographically dispersed worldwide. Home networks that use broadband routers are hybrid peer-to- peer and client-server environments. The router provides centralized internet connection sharing, but files, printer, and other resource sharing are managed directly between the local computers involved. 5 5  Click ClienttoServer edit Master title style Networking Client-server networking grew in popularity during the 1990s as personal computers became the alternative to mainframe computers. Client-server networking refers to a computer networking model that uses both client hardware devices and servers, each with specific functions. The client-server model can be used on the internet as well as on a local area network (LAN). Examples of client-server systems on the internet include web browsers and web servers, FTP clients and servers, and the DNS. 6 6  Click Clienttoand edit Server Master title style Hardware 1.Client devices are typically PCs with network software applications installed that request and receive information over the network. In addition, mobile devices function as clients. 2.Servers store files and databases, including complex applications and websites. Servers typically feature higher- powered central processors, more memory, and larger disk drives than client devices. 7 7  Click to edit Master Client-Server title style Applications The client-server model organizes network traffic using a client application and client devices. Network clients send messages to a server to make requests of it. Servers respond to clients by acting on each request and returning the results. One server supports many clients, and multiple servers can be networked together in a server pool to handle increased processing loads as the number of clients grows. A client computer and a server computer are two separate units of hardware, each customized for a designed purpose. For example, a web client works best with a large screen display, while a web server doesn't need a display and can be located anywhere in the world. In some cases, however, a given device can function both as a client and a server for the same application. Additionally, a device that is a server for one application can simultaneously act as a client to other servers for different applications. 8 8 Click to Local edit Master title Client-Server style Networks Many home networks use client-server systems on a small scale. Broadband routers, for example, contain DHCP servers that provide IP addresses to the home computers, the DHCP clients. Other types of network servers found in a home include print servers and backup servers. 9 9 Click to edit Master Client-Server title style vs. Peer-to-Peer and Other Models The client-server model of networking was initially developed to share access to database applications with many users. Compared to the mainframe model, client-server networking has better flexibility because connections can be made on- demand and as needed rather than being fixed. 1010 Click to edit Master title style Microsoft Windows Server roles and features 1111 Click to edit Master Microsoft Windowstitle style Server OS Microsoft Windows Server OS (operating system) is a series of enterprise-class server operating systems designed to share services with multiple users and provide extensive administrative control of data storage, applications and corporate networks. 1212 Network Administration: Roles and Features in Windows Server Click to edit Master title style One of the decisions during the installation of Windows Server 2008 R2 is your server’s role and what features it requires. Server roles refer to the roles that your server can play on your network — roles such as a file server, a web server, or a DHCP or DNS server. Features refer to additional capabilities of the Windows operating system itself, such as the.NET Framework or Windows Backup. 1313 What Isedit Click to Active Directory? Master title style Active Directory (AD) is Microsoft’s proprietary directory service. It runs on Windows Server and allows administrators to manage permissions and access to network resources. Active Directory stores data as objects. An object is a single element, such as a user, group, application or device. Active Directory is essential to any Microsoft network built on the client-server network model–it allows you to have a central sever called a Domain Controller (DC) that does authentication for your entire network. 1414 Click to edit Master title style 1515 Click Whattois edit Master title style DNS? Domain Name System (DNS) is one of the industry- standard suite of protocols that comprise TCP/IP, and together the DNS Client and DNS Server provide computer name-to-IP address mapping name resolution services to computers and users. 1616 Click to edit Master Organizational title style Unit An organizational unit (OU) is a container within a Microsoft Active Directory domain which can hold users, groups and computers. It is the smallest unit to which an administrator can assign Group Policy settings or account permissions. An organizational unit can have multiple OUs within it, but all attributes within the containing OU must be unique. Active Directory organizational units cannot contain objects from other domains. 1717 Click to edit Master title style Groups Active Directory groups are used to assign permissions to company resources. As a best practice, you place users into groups and then apply the groups to an access control list (ACL) 1818  Click toDirectory Active edit Master title style users and computers Active Directory groups are used to assign permissions to company resources. As a best practice, you place users into groups and then apply the groups to an access control list (ACL) Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC) is a Microsoft Management Console snap-in that you use to administer Active Directory (AD). You can manage objects (users, computers), Organizational Units (OU), and attributes of each. ADUC is one of the many tools that you can use to administer AD, but since it has been around since Windows 2000, it is one of the most popular. 1919 Click to edit Master title style Thank You 20