CPAR Philippine Art History PDF

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 1: HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE ART...

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 1: HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE ART FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA III. AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1898 - 1940) I. PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (3000 BC) Marked the advent of Modernism and the Includes pottery, weaving, woodcarving, metalwork, establishment of art schools in the Philippines and jewelry making - Normal School on Taft Avenue - first American Reflects aspects of everyday life, cultural traditions, teacher’s college in the Philippines and practices - University of the Philippines in Ermita - graced with - Baybayin - first writing system; means “to spell” neoclassical columns Islamic art conveys the spiritual, cultural, and - Vaudeville - diverse acts like music, comedy, and dance, intellectual heritage of Islam entertaining audiences in theaters - Zarzuela - form of Spanish-derived musical theatre II. SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD (1521 - 1898) wherein the drama is carried through an alternating combination of song and speech Introduced Christianity and European art influences seen on Catholic churches, religious icons, and altarpieces MODERNISM A break with the past and the concurrent search for FILIPINO ARTISTS DURING THE SPANISH PERIOD new forms of expression Fostered a period of experimentation in the arts from the late 19th to the mid-20th century, particularly in DAMIAN DOMINGO R GABOR the years following World War I Chinese-Filipino, February 12, 1796 - July 27, 1834 Marked by the conflict between the rules and views of Known as the Father of Philippine Painting the Academy and the innovative methods of the Remembered as the first Filipino painter to specialize in modern artists in the late 1920s secular (non-religious) painting ○ The Academy style was established during the Had photographic memory Spanish colonial period and followed the rules of Well-known as the creator of miniature portraits of the Spanish, Italian, and French Academies Manila society figures Established an art academy in his residence in Tondo in FILIPINO ARTISTS DURING THE AMERICAN PERIOD 1821, and later became the Academia de Dibujo y Pintura in 1823 FABIAN CUETO DE LA ROSA (1892 - 1972) FERNANDO AMORSOLO Y CUETO (1869 - 1937) JUAN LUNA DE SAN PEDRO Y NOVICHO ANCHETA Followed the Classical Realism movement, focusing on 1857 - 1899 realistic depictions of everyday life and landscapes, - Spoliarium, 1884 emphasizing light, color, and details to capture the Won first place at the National Exposition of Fine Arts beauty and essence of Filipino culture and scenery in Madrid in 1884 TONY VELASQUEZ FELIX RESURRECCION HIDALGO Y PADILLA Created the first serialized Filipino cartoon strip in 1928 1855 - 1813 - Las Virgenes Christianas Expuestas al Populacho, 1884 Won second place at the National Exposition of Fine GUILLERMO TOLENTINO Arts in Madrid in 1884 Built the Oblation (1935) in UPD and Bonifacio Monument (1933) in Caloocan CPAR: LESSON # 1 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 1  CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 1: HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE ART FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA EDADES, OCAMPO, AND FRANCISCO VI. CONTEMPORARY (1970 - PRESENT) The Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Art Philippine art is dynamic, diverse, politically engaged, Victorio Edades (1895 - 1985) blending tradition and modernity, embracing ○ Father of Modern Philippine Painting multimedia and technology, globalization, and social ○ Named the National Artist for Painting in 1976 issues ○ Practiced creative art; created “distorted human figures in rough, bold impasto strokes, and standing tall and singular” ○ Taught in UST; named dean of the Department of Architecture Galo Ocampo (1913 - 1985) ○ Known for rejecting academic tradition and embracing Western modernism ○ Graduated from School of Fine Arts in UP ○ Taught in UST ○ Led the Department of Fine Arts in FEU in 1971 ○ Showcase cubism, surrealism, and expressionism on his worlds; often bleeding Christian themes with references to Filipino indigeneity and subjects Carlos Francisco (1912 - 1969) ○ Popularly known as “Botong” ○ Muralist from Angono, Rizal ○ Made the mural Filipino Struggles Throughout History (1964) in the National Museum ○ Posthumously conferred the title National Artist in Visual Arts in 1973 IV. JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1941 -1945) Philippine art was marked by censorship and propaganda, emphasizing traditional Asian aesthetics, patriotic themes, and the struggles of Filipino life under the Japanese occupation V. POSTWAR REPUBLIC (1946 - 1969) Characterized by a combination of rebuilding and reasserting national identity, which influenced various forms of artistic expression Neo-realism after World War II was an artistic movement that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s PHILIPPINE ART GALLERY (PAG) Founded by Lydia Villanueva-Arguilla in 1951 Dedicated to displaying, collecting, and promoting Filipino modern art CPAR: LESSON # 1 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 2  CONTEMPORARY LESSON # 2: ART FORMS; CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE ARTS CONTEMPOTARY ART; WHY DO WE CREATE ART? FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA INTEGRATIVE CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS It is interdisciplinary art, art study, development, production, display, or creative creation of work that VISUAL ARTS fully combines two or more disciplines of art to product a work for a specific audience Arts that are primarily experienced through sight - E.g.,: painting, sculpture, installation, performance, photography, printmaking, film WHY DO WE CREATE ART? PERFORMING ARTS FINE ART Arts that come alive with performance Creative art, especially visual art whose products are to - E.g.,: music, dance, theater, performance be appreciate primarily for their imaginative, aesthetic, or intellectual content (aesthetic value) LITERARY ARTS Arts that use written words as medium PRACTICE AUDIENCE - E.g.,: novels, poetry, short stories Individualistic The “art world” Academically-trained Artists, critics, scholars APPLIED ARTS Western-influenced Arts that combine artistic principles with functionality - E.g.,: architecture, fashion INTENTION VALUE Create art for art’s sake Aesthetic value CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY ART Show the skills and Critically-acclaimed individuality of the SITE-SPECIFIC artist It allows for an artwork’s meaning to have a direct Follow the artist’s relationship to a specific location where it is seen or concept and style experienced FOLK ART COLLABORATIVE Can be defined as a classic decorative, musical, or Collaboration is not limited to fellow artists but can practical art of different cultures or regions include the whole community from a specific area Usually unique to the people of a specific location and used as an expression of society (cultural significance) PROCESS-BASED It is defines as art that focuses on the actual experience PRACTICE AUDIENCE and process of creation itself rather than the output Communal Community Community-trained People of a certain INTERACTIVE Indigeneous/Local culture It involves the viewer in the creative process It attempts to challenge the traditional boundary between artist and “audience” CPAR: LESSON # 2 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 3  CONTEMPORARY LESSON # 2: ART FORMS; CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE ARTS CONTEMPOTARY ART; WHY DO WE CREATE ART? FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA INTENTION VALUE Create art to continue Cultural significance a local tradition Tradition Show the identity of the community Follow tradition COMMERCIAL ART May be defined as any reproduction or purpose that is marketed, promoted, or sold and incorporated a financial transaction (products and services) PRACTICE AUDIENCE Individualistic General public Academically-trained and/or self-taught Western-influenced INTENTION VALUE Mass-produced art for Design market Popularity and Profit Show the current taste of the general public Follow the taste of the general public CPAR: LESSON # 2 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 4  CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 3: ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA Monochromatic Analogous Complementary ELEMENTS OF ARTS Building blocks used by artists to create a work of art LINE Can be described as the path of a point moving Split- Triadic Tetradic through space Complementary In an artwork, they are many types of line. We can look for the direction, the feeling, the quality of the line, and how it moves our eye through artworks SHAPE Square An enclosed area of space created through lines and other elements of the composition ORGANIC - free-formed and curved; like people, animals, trees, and other natural elements GEOMETRIC - precise; like squares, polygons, etc. SPACE Used to depict the depth or distance in a work FORM POSITIVE - areas filled with the subject Closely related to shape, but is three-dimensional NEGATIVE - space between them ACTUAL - created with sculpture or architecture IMPLIED - illusion of the form on a flat surface PRINCIPLES OF ARTS Ways that artists use the elements of art in an artwork TEXTURE or design The tactile qualities of a surface – the way objects actually feel or the way they look like they would feel BALANCE ACTUAL - created with sculpture or architecture IMPLIED - illusion of the form on a flat surface The distribution of visual weight in a composition FORMAL/SYMMETRICAL - equal in size INFORMAL/ASYMMETRICAL - unequal in size COLOR RADIAL - radiate from a single point Produced by the way an object reflects or emits light CONTRAST PROPERTIES OF COLOR The arrangement of opposite elements and effects HUE - name of the color Can be used to create variety, visual interest, and VALUE - lightneess or darkness of a color drama in artwork SATURATION/INTENSITY - brightness of a olor, often measure by boldness or dullness EMPHASIS The area of an artwork that dominates attention COLOR HARMONY The concept in color theory that uses geometric MOVEMENT relationships to identify harmonious color How an artist depicts movement using the elements & combinations principles of art CPAR: LESSON # 3 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 5  CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 3: ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA The visual flow of an artwork, indicated by the path a viewer’s eye take as they look at the artwork HARMONY A principle of organization in which parts of a composition are made to relate through commonality (repeated or shared characteristics, elements, or visual units) UNITY Elements are organized to convey a single, cohesive message or visual experience Gives a sense of wholeness and completeness CPAR: LESSON # 3 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 6  CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 4: ELEMENTS OF MUSIC FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA MELODY MUSIC The arrangement or sequence of single notes from left The art of organizing sound and silence in time to to right express ideas and emotions May be referred as tune or line in some context Etymology: Greek word mousike which means “art of the muses” HARMONY The arrangement of pitches that sound simultaneously ELEMENTS OF MUSIC together Can serve as an accompaniment to melody TIMBRE - E.g.,: chords The tone color or quality of sound May be associated with the instrumentation of a TEXTURE musical piece The thickness and layers of music - E.g.,: bright, nasal, gritty, muffled, silvery, flute-like, etc. TYPES OF MUSICAL TEXTURE DYNAMICS MONOPHONIC - a single melodic line without The softness or loudness of music accompaniment CRESCENDO - gradually getting louder () singing at the same time HOMOPHONIC - a melodic line with accompaniment TEMPO The speed of consistent pulse or beat in music FORM Measured through Beat Per Minute (BPM) using a The structure, arrangement, and sequence of sections metronome of music - AAAA - strophic form RHYTHM - AB - binary form - ABC - ternary form The arrangement or pattern of durations of notes and - ABA - arch form rests - ABCBA - arch form (more complex) Duration - the length of the note or rest in time - ABCDE - through composed (no repeated sections) PITCH The highness and lowness of a sound Measured in Hertz (Hz) TONALITY The musical key, scale, or selected pitches used in a piece of music Indicated by the Key Signature found in a music notation - E.g.,: A major, E minor, C# minor, etc. CPAR: LESSON # 4 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. GAVILAN | 12ABM-12 ‘25 7  CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS LESSON # 5: MEDIA AND TECHNIQUES FROM THE REGIONS 1ST TERM - 1ST QTR | A.Y. ‘24 - ‘25 | MS. LORENA NOELLE G. ARRIOLA Time in Dance - dance movement might be in sync or MEDIA against the best; it requires time; it is performed in an allotted time The various means of mass communication Econompasses all channels of communication used to disseminate information to a large audience IN DIGITAL ART APPLICATIONS Plays a vital role in shaping public opinion and Adobe Photoshop - software creation & publication influencing people’s behaviors SketchUp - 3D modeling software TinkerCAD - 3D design, electronics, and coding MEDIUM The specific channel or tool used to convey a message Can be a physical object or intangible concept Used in art to create a particular effect or convey a specific message MEDIUM IN ART 1. TRADITIONAL - painting, sculpture, photography, music, literature 2. DIGITAL - computers, mobile phones, cameras, drawing & painting applications 3. UNCONVENTIONAL - found objects, materials not commonly used 4. THE HUMAN BODY - performing arts (body movement), tattoos (skin), cosmetics (face & body) TECHNIQUE The manner in which artists use and manipulate materials to achieve the desired formal effect Also used to communicate the desired concept, or meaning, according to the artist’s personal style (e.g., realistic, abstract, modern, etc.) IN VISUAL ARTS Drawing - hatching, cross-hatching, scumbling; stippling, circling, blending Painting - impasto, sgraffito, glazing Printmaking - screen printing, engraving, lithography Sculpture - carving, assembling, modeling, casting IN PERFORMING ARTS Dance - physical movement (movement), series of movement (dance), planned movements (choreography); body shapes, formation, blocking Dance Movement Levels - low, mid, high Space in Dance - various formations and arrangements CPAR: LESSON # 5 By: KRISTEL MARIE C. 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