Cough Therapy PDF
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Misr University for Science and Technology
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Summary
This document provides an overview of drug therapies for coughs, including mucolytics, expectorants, and antitussives. It details the classifications and mechanisms of action of different drugs, as well as some potential side effects.
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Drug therapy of cough Mucolytics Definition: drugs that helps expulsion of mucus by altering its organic content Indicated in productive cough in chronic & asthmatic bronchitis. 1-Mucolytics destroy S-S bonds (disulphide bonds) ⚫ Acetyl cysteine Side effects: ⚫ Increases...
Drug therapy of cough Mucolytics Definition: drugs that helps expulsion of mucus by altering its organic content Indicated in productive cough in chronic & asthmatic bronchitis. 1-Mucolytics destroy S-S bonds (disulphide bonds) ⚫ Acetyl cysteine Side effects: ⚫ Increases the incidence of bronchospasm in patients with bronchial asthma. ⚫ Bronchial & trachial irritation, tightness in chest. ⚫ Nausea, vomiting, rhinorrhea, rash, and fever. ⚫ Carbocysteine: not irritant, safe in bronchial asthma ⚫2-Mucolytics depolymerize polysaccharides: Bromohexine & Ambroxol: best mucolytic, only cause mild GIT upset ⚫ 3-Mucolytics destroy peptide bonds: Chemotrypsin & Iodide Expectorant Definition: drugs that helps expulsion of mucus by increase its water content Indicated in acute bronchitis with productive cough Classification: 1-Direct irritant (Na & K acetate ): increase water content by osmosis 2-Reflex irritant (indirect) (ammonium chloride – iodide-- Guaifenesin): reflex increase water content by gastric irritation 3-Stimulant expectorant (menthol) Drugs act as both mucolytic & expectorant: 1-Water (the best) 2- Tincture benzoin dissolved in water then boiled and inhaled 3-Iodides (Na & K iodides): Na & K are direct irritant expectorant Iodides is indirect irritant expectorant Iodides is mucolytic by mucus denaturation Antitussives Definition: drugs that suppress cough indicated in dry non productive cough as allergy and sore throat Classification: 1-Central antitussives: suppress cough Centre a) Non opioids :antihistamincs (chlorpheniramine-diphenhydramine ) cause sedation and atropine like action b) Opioid derivatives: i) Non addicting: Dextromethorphan (the best) ii) Mildly addicting: Codeine 2-Peripheral antitussives: inhibit afferent nerve of cough reflex (Demulcent lozenges-salbutamol-benzonatate
