Unit 6 Lesson 01 - Interactions PDF

Summary

This document provides an overview of interactions within an ecosystem. It covers topics like producers, consumers, decomposers, and different types of symbiotic relationships. The document also touches upon food chains and food webs.

Full Transcript

Living Things or Biotic Non-living Things or Abiotic Ecosystem Abiotic, meaning not alive, nonliving factors that affect the organisms CONSUMERS DECOMPOSERS PRODUCERS -heterotrophic -heterotrophic -autot...

Living Things or Biotic Non-living Things or Abiotic Ecosystem Abiotic, meaning not alive, nonliving factors that affect the organisms CONSUMERS DECOMPOSERS PRODUCERS -heterotrophic -heterotrophic -autotrophic cannot make cannot make their can make their their own food own food own food recycle nutrients e.g. e.g. Herbivores Carnivores e.g. plants Omnivores Bacteria scavengers fungi Producers  Producersare autotrophic organisms that make their own food.  Phototrophic organisms that contain chlorophyll use light to manufacture food through photosynthesis  (Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight =Sugar + Oxygen)  Chemotrophic organisms use chemicals other than H20, Herbivore Carnivore s s Scavenge Omnivore rs s Consume rs HERBIVORES CARNIVORES Scavengers - They feed on the OMNIVORES - They feed on - They feed on plants or meat of other - They feed on dead and vegetation animals injured - Secondary producers - They are the and animals or primary consumers feed carrion consumers consumers of on herbivores - Tertiary the ecosystem consumers feed on other carnivores HERBIVOR CARNIVORE ES omnivore Scavengers reduce the size of dead organic matter… Decomposers will finish the job! DECOMPOSERS are heterotrophs that recycle small, often microscopic bits of dead organic matter into inorganic nutrients available for plants to take up from the soil. Decomposers RECYCLE nutrients! BACTERIA and FUNGI are decomposers. They are also saprotrophs because they get nourishment from dead or decaying organic matter. quaternary Food Chains fourth-order consumer A Food CHAIN is a series of organisms Primary or secondary or that transfer energy First-order second-order tertiary or Third-order (food) between the trophic levels of an ecosystem using only one species at each level Tertiary consumer Primary consumer or or third-order Secondary consumer or First-order consumer Second-order consumer consumer Because organisms eat different kinds of food and they may also be eaten by different organisms, food chains A food web is a number of overlap. food chains that are interconnected. Food Webs Food WEBS show the network of food chains representing the feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. 1. Identify the autotroph in the food web. 2. How many are the primary consumers? 3. Give example of secondary consumer 4. Identify one organism that gets the least amount of energy 5. Create one food chain Valuing: Sense of Community Trophic levels  Itrefers to the position that an organism occupies in a food chain. Ecological Pyramid An energy pyramid, also known as ecological pyramid, is a graphical representation of the energy found within the trophic levels of an ecosystem 10 PERCENT LAW!!  The 10 percent law is the main reason that most food chains have five or less links.  90 percent of the food chain’s energy is lost at each level, the amount of available energy decreases quickly. Shows the relative transfer of energy (joules) from one trophic level to the next. What is symbiosis? a close relationship between two different species where at least one organism benefits Parasitism a close relationship between two different species where an organism called PARASITE harms another organism called HOST Commensalism a close relationship between two different species where an organism called COMMENSAL benefits from another organism called HOST, which is neither harmed nor benefitted. Mutualism a close relationship between two different species where both organisms benefit What are the different kinds of symbiosis? Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism both organisms one organism one organism benefit benefits benefits one organism one organism is unaffected is harmed Valuing: Sense of Community  Parasitism – Are we those “parasites” who always seek to destroy our neighbors?  Commensalism – Are we those “commensals” who always expect to be helped yet do not help other people?  Mutualism – Are we those individuals who help regardless of whom are we going to help in our community? What is a non- symbiotic relationship? ecological interaction of organisms that live apart from each other Competition ecological interaction of two or more organisms needing the same thing in order to survive Predation ecological interaction of a PREDATOR feeding on a PREY Valuing: Sense of Community  Competition – Do we always see other individuals as our competitors? Do we engage in healthy competitions?  Predation – Do we enjoy “devouring” other people’s state of well-being, whether it be physical, emotional, mental, social, and spiritual well-being? -forms when sulfur oxide and nitrogen acid oxide in the airmoistu combine with ___________ to ic produce highlyre____________rain Acid rain Global Warming It is theincreas e in the __________ average temperatu re ___________ of the earth’s atmosphere

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