Copy of M2.L1_ Foundations of Historical Globalization.pptx

Foundations of Historical Globalization: The Silk Road and Imperialism Related Issue #2: Should people in Canada respond to the legacies of historical globalization? 0 1 0 2 History of Trade: The Silk Road Mercantilism 0 3 0 4 Imperialism Historical Bias 1.History of Trade: The Silk Road Hi...

Foundations of Historical Globalization: The Silk Road and Imperialism Related Issue #2: Should people in Canada respond to the legacies of historical globalization? 0 1 0 2 History of Trade: The Silk Road Mercantilism 0 3 0 4 Imperialism Historical Bias 1.History of Trade: The Silk Road Historical Globalization ● Modern globalization has deep historical roots ● It began with international trade networks that go back for centuries Early International Trade: The Silk Road ● Silk Road – oldest and longest trade route ● Extended from the Roman Empire to China – used from the time of Christ ● Was the communication highway of the ancient world ● Used to transport exotic goods (ie – silk, fruits, other goods) Early International Trade: The Silk Road ● Possible to exchange, distribute and store goods ● Shared knowledge, inventions, religious beliefs, artistic styles, languages, and social customs ● Unfortunately, also a way of spreading diseases Why do we call it “The Silk Road”? ● Trade route expanded into Europe ● Soon Europeans were not just getting silk, but also spices, peppers, gems and china ● Trade also brought new culture and knowledge to Europeans The Decline of The Silk Road ● Maritime advances such as better sails and gunpowder made travel by sea easier and safer. ● Ships could now go so far as to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The Decline of The Silk Road ● Most importantly, kings in Europe were beginning to realize the profits that could be made from overseas trade ● They wanted to travel farther to establish colonies overseas and 2. Mercantilism Colonization The action of settling on land and establishing control of the area. Ex. Canadian settlers colonized Canada, and took control over Indigeneous peoples Mercantilism ● Mercantilism is a system of trade that favours a country with many colonies ● In essence, raw materials are sent to the mother country to be made into finished goods. These finished goods are then sold back to the colony at a massive profit. Rise of Mercantilism ● 16th century (1500’s) Monarchs (rulers) in Spain, England, France & Portugal began searching the globe for attractive business opportunities ● European monarchs sponsored colonies that provided natural resources ● World trade came to be dominated by a few large companies i.e. Dutch & British East India companies which added to the countries’ wealth by finding and bringing home natural resources and raw materials which they would use to produce manufactured goods (i.e. Fur trade in New France supplied France with inexpensive furs which they made into expensive top hats) ● These ventures put gold and silver in the monarchs’ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Who did mercantilism help? A Eurocentric phenomenon (Placed the benefits to Europe above all else) Very advantageous to Europe Not always advantageous to the Indigenous peoples in the territories that the Europeans claimed - i.e. North & South America, Africa, India, etc. In New France, the aboriginal nations were essential for the success of the fur trade In many cases however, respectful relations were not the norm. Many Indigenous peoples were not able to escape 3. Imperialism What is Imperialism? ● A policy of extending a country's power and influence ● In the 16th century, monarchs were looking to secure power in other nations for the sake of resources, expansion of their empires, and expansion of religion due to conflicts between Protestants and Catholics in Europe (wanted to spread Catholicism) Cultural Imperialism ● Imposing a culture on another group, extending a country’s culture ● Old policies of cultural imperialism still have an impact today ● Europeans saw Indigeneous peoples without the same technology, without industrialization, and without God ● Policies tried to erase Indigeneous cultures, often leading to violence Join.nearpod .com 53MV4 35-40 minutes 4. Historical Bias Bias ● Every point of view demonstrates bias (cause to feel or show inclination or prejudice for or against someone or something) ● Historically, Europeans showed a biased point of view about Indigeneous people believing their cultures to be superior, which influenced their actions and their beliefs about settlers ● There is still a lot of bias in how we view Complete your Google Doc by the end of the class