Behaviour Change Theories PDF

Behaviour Change 1 Lecture outline Theories of behaviour change Health Belief Model Theory of Reasoned Action Theory of Planned Behaviour Social Cognitive Theory Transtheoretical Model Goal setting 2 Theories of B...

Behaviour Change 1 Lecture outline Theories of behaviour change Health Belief Model Theory of Reasoned Action Theory of Planned Behaviour Social Cognitive Theory Transtheoretical Model Goal setting 2 Theories of Behaviour Change Making changes requires careful thinking and planning Motivation + Readiness Understand that behaviours are influenced by a number of factors A number of theories or models are used to explain the behaviour change process 3 Health Belief Model Whether or not a person changes their behaviour depends on their: 1. Belief __they will get an illness or disease____ 2. Belief that __changing their behaviour will reduce this risk_____ Key concepts: ___percieved susceptibility __ = beliefs about risk/vulnerability to illness or disease _percieved seriousness__ = beliefs about seriousness of consequences of getting an illness or disease __percieved benefits__ and _costs___ __self-efficacy___ = level of confidence a person has in their ability to perform an activity or behaviour __cues to action___ = events that trigger your decision to change a behaviour 4 Theory of Reasoned Action Key concept: __intentions___ Influenced by: 1. __attitudes__ = whether or not you view the behaviour favourably Influenced by__beliefs___ and __values___ 2. _subjective norms__ = whether or not you believe most people approve of the behaviour Influenced by __normative beliefs___ and __motivation to comply__ 5 Theory of Planned Behaviour Extension of the _theory of action___ Intentions are influenced by 1. __attitudes____ 2. _subjective norms_____ 3. _percieved controls___ = whether or not you believe it is easy to perform a behaviour Influenced by __control beliefs___ and __percieved powers_____ 6 Social Cognitive Theory Relationship between 3 factors: __cognitive (personal)__ = knowledge, expectations, attitudes __environment_ = social norms, access in the community, influence of others __behvioural__ = skills, practice, self-efficacy Key concepts: _Observational learning___ = seeing someone else do a behaviour and replicating it _reinforcments__ = internal/external responses that affect whether or not a behaviour continues (can be positive or negative can encourage you to do something or discourage you) __Expectations___ = anticipated consequences of a behaviour 7 Transtheoretical Model Aka: Stages of Change Focuses on __intentional___ behaviour change Behaviour change is _a process__ not __an event____ Different messages for different stages of change 5 stages of change: Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance 8 Precontemplation _No Plan__ to change behaviour __Defend___ current behaviour and __avoid__ risk information Advantages __>__ disadvantages Strategies for change: Improve knowledge by recommending readings Thnk about what they dislike about their current behaviour 9 Contemplation Intend to change behaviour within the next _6 months___ Doubt that benefits __>_ costs __Low__ confidence in ability to change behaviour Strategies for change: Increase awareness of benefits of changing behaviour 10 Preparation Plan to change behaviour in the next __30 days__ Self-efficacy is moderately __high__ Have identified a specific date to start changing behaviour Want help with __planning___ how to change behaviour Strategies for change: Identify potential barriers and triggers and how to deal with them Set realistic goals 11 Action Changed behaviour in the ____past 6 months_____ __High__ risk for relapse May not have skills to cope with temptations Strategies for change: Recall reasons for changing behaviour Share plans to change with friends and family 12 Maintenance Changed behaviour for __more than 6 months____ Confidence is __high___ Self-concept begins to change Strategies for change: Connect with a support group to maintain behavious Praise and reward success 13 Other Stages _Termination__ = point at which the behaviour becomes ingrained and is a “new” habit __Relapse__ = times when someone does not continue with the behaviour change May give up on new behaviour Learn from what happened 14 Goal Setting S__pecific__ = well defined, clear, and unambiguous M__easurable__ = specific criteria that measure your progress A__chievable_ = attainable and not impossible to achieve R__ealistic_ = within reach, realistic, and relevant to your life purpose T__imely_ = clearly defined timeline, including a start and end date 15 Summary Many theories of behaviour change Health Belief Model Theory of Reasoned Action Theory of Planned Behaviour Social Cognitive Theory Transtheoretical Model The SMART acronym is helpful for creating goals 16