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Human Anatomy, 7e (Martini/Timmons/Tallitsch) Chapter 10 The Muscular System: Axial Musculature 10.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Which of the following are true of the axial musculature? A) It arises on the axial skeleton. B) It arises, but does not insert, on the axial skeleton. C) It arises els...

Human Anatomy, 7e (Martini/Timmons/Tallitsch) Chapter 10 The Muscular System: Axial Musculature 10.1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Which of the following are true of the axial musculature? A) It arises on the axial skeleton. B) It arises, but does not insert, on the axial skeleton. C) It arises elsewhere, but inserts on the axial skeleton. D) It stabilizes the pectoral and pelvic girdles. E) It makes up 40 percent of the body musculature. Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 2) Muscles of mastication most often insert into the A) mandible. B) bones of the face. C) tongue. D) muscles adjacent to them. E) eyes. Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 3) Axial muscles fall into logical groups based upon A) location. B) function. C) muscle structure. D) location and function. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: D Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 1 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 4) Which of the following muscles runs between the larynx and the hyoid bone? A) thyrohyoid B) digastric C) mylohyoid D) genioglossus E) geniohyoid Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 5) The muscular partition that separates the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities is the A) masseter. B) transversus abdominis. C) diaphragm. D) perineum. E) rectus abdominis. Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 6) The oblique and rectus muscles do which of the following? A) help to position the vertebral column B) form the walls of the thoracic cavity C) occur in the neck D) provide walls for the abdominal cavity E) All of the answers are correct. Answer: E Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 7) Which of the following is the most posterior muscle? A) longus capitis B) iliocostalis lumborum C) longus cervicis D) quadratus lumborum E) longus colli Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 2 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 8) Nodding of the head as a person falls asleep sitting up involves primarily the muscles of (the) A) upper limb and pectoral girdle. B) cervicis and thoracis regions. C) capitis and cervicis regions. D) cervicis region only. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 9) The superficial layer of the perineum is called (the) A) urogenital triangle. B) anal triangle. C) urogenital diaphragm. D) pelvic triangle. E) both urogenital triangle and anal triangle. Answer: E Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 10) Of the following muscles, which can compress the abdomen? A) internal oblique B) external oblique C) transversus abdominis D) rectus abdominis E) All of the answers are correct. Answer: E Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 11) Which of the following is the most anterior and lateral muscle of the urogenital triangle? A) ischiocavernosus B) bulbospongiosus C) perineus group D) coccygeus E) external urethral sphincter Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 3 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 12) Which muscles has an origin on the temporal bone? A) extrinsic tongue muscles B) hyoglossus muscle C) styloglossus muscle D) genioglossus muscle E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 13) Which of the following muscles is the most massive muscle involved in the process of chewing or manipulating food in the mouth? A) masseter B) omohyoid C) temporalis D) pterygoid E) hyoglossus Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 14) Which of the following is the most posterior group of axial muscles? A) muscles of the head and neck B) muscles of the vertebral column C) oblique and rectus muscles D) muscles of the shoulder girdle E) muscles of the pelvic floor Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 15) Orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, and platysma are part of the group of muscles known as muscles of A) facial expression. B) mastication. C) the extra-ocular region. D) the tongue. E) the pharynx. Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 4 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 16) Which of the following muscles is inferior to the lips? A) masseter B) frontalis C) depressor anguli oris D) risorius E) zygomaticus major Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 17) The deepest layer of the abdominal muscles is the A) transversus abdominis. B) rectus abdominis. C) internal oblique. D) external oblique. E) psoas major. Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 18) Which muscle moves the bolus into the esophagus? A) pharyngeal constrictors B) styloglossus C) levator veli palatine D) salpingopharyngeus E) palatopharyngeus Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 19) Which of the following muscles attach to the mandible bone? A) thyrohyoid B) geniohyoid C) stylohyoid D) styloglossus E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 5 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 20) Which muscle has three attachments to bone? A) sternocleidomastoid B) sternohyoid C) thyrohyoid D) mylohyoid E) stylohyoid Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 21) The muscle group nearest the vertebral column is the A) longissimus. B) spinales. C) iliocostalis. D) capitis. E) thoracis. Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 22) Which of the following can flex the vertebral column? A) iliocostalis lumborum B) iliocostalis cervicis C) longissimus thoracis D) longus colli E) multifidus Answer: D Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 23) Cranial nerve VII supplies the muscles of A) the tongue. B) the eyes. C) mastication. D) the anterior neck. E) facial expression. Answer: E Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 6 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 24) The diaphragm muscle is innervated by A) cranial nerve X. B) phrenic nerves. C) intercostal nerves. D) subcostal nerves. E) thoracic nerves. Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 25) The trigeminal nerve controls which group of muscles? A) muscles of facial expression B) muscles of mastication C) muscles of the tongue D) muscles of the pharynx E) muscles of the eye Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 26) Muscles of the head and neck that are innervated by the facial nerve are associated with A) those that govern feeding. B) those that govern verbal communication. C) actions that form facial expressions. D) actions that orient the eyes. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.2 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 27) Which of the following is the major action of the neck musculature? A) positioning the head B) moving the rib cage C) positioning the spinal column D) stabilizing the pectoral girdle to allow more precise forelimb movements E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: A Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 7 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 28) How do the extrinsic eye muscles differ in action from the intrinsic eye muscles? A) The two muscle groups do not differ in movement types, only in when the movements occur. B) The extrinsic muscles cause faster movements than do the intrinsic muscles. C) Extrinsic eye muscles move the eyeball in relation to the rest of the body, whereas intrinsic muscles move structures within the eyeball. D) The extrinsic eye muscles cannot produce the smooth movements of the intrinsic eye muscles. E) None of the answers are correct. Answer: C Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 29) Which of the following features are common to the muscles of mastication? A) They share an oculomotor nerve innervation. B) They move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint. C) They are considered among the muscles of facial expression. D) They allow a person to smile. E) They control swallowing. Answer: B Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 10.2 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions 1) The muscular system is divided into axial and appendicular divisions. The other system that is similarly divided is the ________ system. Answer: skeletal Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 2) Roughly ________ percent of the skeletal muscles are axial muscles. (Note: Be sure your answer is a numeral, e.g. "5" vs "five"). Answer: 60 Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 3) Muscle fibers do not cross the anterior middle region of the body wall because of the presence of the ________. Answer: linea alba Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 8 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 4) A group of muscles that would be stretched when the hyoid is depressed are the ________ muscles. Answer: suprahyoid Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 5) The digastric and omohyoid muscles are similar in that they both have ________. Answer: two bellies Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 6) The muscle that originates on the sacrum and transverse process of each vertebrae and inserts on the spinous process of the third or fourth more superior vertebrae is the ________ muscle. Answer: multifidus Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 7) The intermediate layer of vertebral muscles is also called the ________ (two words). Answer: erector spinae Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 8) The muscle that assists in mastication, and is also useful in playing a trumpet, is the ________ muscle. Answer: buccinator Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 9) The most important facial muscle used in blinking is the ________. Answer: orbicularis cocculi Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 10) A muscle that elevates the corner of the mouth and draws it laterally is the ________ muscle. Answer: zygomaticus major Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 9 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 11) Flexion of the spinal column is accomplished by the ________ group of muscles in the abdominal wall. Answer: rectus abdominus Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 12) When the diaphragm contracts, air ________ the lungs. Answer: enters Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 13) The anterior, middle, and posterior ________ muscles, the oblique muscles of the neck, elevate the ribs and cause flexion of the neck. Answer: scalene Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 14) When the ________ muscle contracts, the thyroid cartilage of the larynx is elevated and the hyoid is depressed. Answer: thyrohyoid Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 15) The ________ muscle ejects urine or semen in the male. Answer: bulbospongiosus Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 16) The ________ muscles allow humans to look around without moving their head. Answer: extra-occular Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension 10.3 True/False Questions 1) A muscle of the scalp, with two bellies separated by a collagenous sheet is called occipitofrontalis. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 2) A muscle that surrounds the opening of the mouth is orbicularis occuli. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 3) A muscle that makes of the lateral walls of the oral cavity is the buccinator. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 4) A superficial muscle that covers the anterior surface of the neck is the trapezius. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 5) A muscle that is located at the tip of the chin is called mentalis. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 6) The inferior oblique is an extra-ocular muscle. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 7) The risorius is a muscle of mastication. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 8) Styloglossus is a tongue muscle. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 9) Temporalis is a muscle of facial expression. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 11 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 10) Tensor veli palatini is a pharyngeal muscle. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 11) Stylohyoid elevates the larynx. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 12) The scalene muscles elevate the ribs and/or flex neck. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 13) The superior oblique elevates the mandible. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 14) The dioptic muscle rolls eye down and laterally. Answer: FALSE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 15) The digastric muscle depresses the mandible and/or elevates the larynx. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 16) The internal intercostal aids in respiration. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 17) The rectus abdominis is a muscle that aids in flexing the vertebral column. Answer: TRUE Section Title: The Axial Musculature Learning Outcome: 10.3 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge 12 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.  13 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.