Philippine Texts: Martial Law Literature PDF

Philippine Texts: Martial Law Literature Grade 11 English 21st Century Literature History of Martial Law in the Philippines Martial Law President Ferdinand E. Marcos signed Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972, placing the Philippines under Martial Law. Some sources say that Marcos signed t...

Philippine Texts: Martial Law Literature Grade 11 English 21st Century Literature History of Martial Law in the Philippines Martial Law President Ferdinand E. Marcos signed Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972, placing the Philippines under Martial Law. Some sources say that Marcos signed the proclamation on September 17 or on September 22—but, in either case, the document itself was dated September 21. Specially Made On Brand Guideline Timeline Pre-Martial Law 1965: Ferdinand Marcos is elected President of the Philippines for his first term. 1969: Marcos is re-elected for a second term amidst allegations of electoral fraud and corruption. 1970: The First Quarter Storm occurs, with massive protests against government corruption and the worsening economy. 1971: August 21: The Plaza Miranda bombing during a Liberal Party rally injures several key politicians. The incident is blamed on communists but remains controversial. September: The writ of habeas corpus is suspended following the bombing, escalating political tensions. Specially Made On Brand Guideline Timeline Declaration of Martial Law 1972: September 21: Marcos signs Proclamation No. 1081, placing the Philippines under Martial Law, citing threats from communist insurgents and civil unrest. September 23: Martial Law is officially announced on national television. Media outlets are shut down, and key opposition figures are arrested. Specially Made On Brand Guideline Timeline Martial Law Period 1973: The 1973 Constitution is ratified under controversial circumstances, consolidating Marcos' power and extending his rule beyond the two-term limit. 1977: Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr., a prominent opposition leader, is sentenced to death by a military tribunal but later allowed to go into exile in the U.S. Specially Made On Brand Guideline Timeline End of Martial Law 1981: Martial Law is officially lifted on January 17, but Marcos retains authoritarian powers under the new constitution. 1983: August 21: Ninoy Aquino is assassinated upon returning to the Philippines, sparking widespread protests. 1986: The People Power Revolution forces Marcos to flee the country, ending his 20-year rule. Specially Made On Brand Guideline The day Marcos declared Martial Law Social Realism “A literary approach that portrays socio-political struggles under Martial Law, focusing on class inequalities and systemic violence.” State Apparatus and Ideology “Explores how repressive institutions like the military and police, as well as ideological tools like media and education, are depicted in literature.” Censorship “The act of suppressing, altering, or banning speech, writing, or media considered harmful, objectionable, or threatening by those in power.” Historical Revisionism “The reinterpretation of established historical narratives, either to correct inaccuracies or to serve political or ideological agendas.” Propaganda “Official government communication aimed at influencing public perception, often by glorifying the regime and discrediting its critics.” Prison Literature “Writings created by individuals imprisoned during Martial Law, often expressing resistance, resilience, and critiques of authoritarian rule.” Proletarian Literature “Literature that focuses on the struggles and resistance of the working class, often highlighting their plight and advocating for change.” Prometheus Unbound