Biodiversity of Monera, Protista, and Fungi PDF

(cont.) Patterns in distribution of diversity By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA Local endemic species ‫األنواع المستوطنة‬ Are species which are restricted to one very small area, although they may be very abundant at that location. Local e...

(cont.) Patterns in distribution of diversity By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA Local endemic species ‫األنواع المستوطنة‬ Are species which are restricted to one very small area, although they may be very abundant at that location. Local endemic species tend to occur where the geography provides isolated patches such as mountains, islands, peninsulas, certain soil types or patches of forests.  (cont.) By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA Sparsely distributed species )‫(األنواع قليلة التوزيع‬ which occur over very large geographical regions but are not very abundant anywhere. Migratory species )‫(األنواع المهاجرة‬ Migratory species present challenging problems because they often require habitats along and at each end of their migration routes.  Island biogeography By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA & Dr.Moodi Alsubeie ▪ Islands can serve as natural field laboratories ‫ مختبرات ميدانية‬to study the relationship between area and species diversity. ▪ The biota ‫ الكائنات الحية‬of an island is simpler than that of a continental ‫ القارية‬area, and the interactions are easier to understand. ‫لالطالع‬ Biodiversity of Monera , Protista and Fungi By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA MONERA KINGDOM Prokaryotes: – Microscopic – Prokaryotic (Lack a nucleus) – Can be autotrophs (photosynthetic or chemosynthetic) or heterotrophs – Unicellular (cont.) Biodiversity of Monera , Protista and Fungi By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA Protista -Kingdom Protista contains all eukaryotes that are NOT Plants, Animal, or Fungi -Kingdom Protista includes unicellular and a few simple multicellular. Euglena (cont.) Biodiversity of Monera , Protista and Fungi By: Prof. Faouzi HAOUALA FUNGI KINGDOM -Fungi are eukaryotes, and most are multicellular. -The cells of fungi have cell walls that contain a material called chitin. -These organisms are heterotrophic and obtain ‫ تحصل‬their nutrients by releasing digestive enzymes into a food source. mushroom  Meaning of Flora and Fauna Dr.Moodi Al-Subeie - The flora refers to every type of plant, appearing in a specific area with a very detailed view. -A flora may consist of scientific and common names, habitats, description, geographical locations, flowering times, favorable climates, and other examples. -The written description of flora had started in the year 1600 by the botanists.  Meaning of Flora and Fauna Dr.Moodi Al-Subeie -Fauna is -Fauna indicates all forms of animal life, more generally used to represent the animal life native to a particular place. **********  The animal kingdom Dr.Moodi Al-Subeie The animal kingdom comprises a variety of animal life forms. Hence, the classification of fauna is much more complex than the floral division. Therefore, for ease of classification: -Birds are categorized under the name Avifauna (the kinds of birds of a region or environment) -Fishes under Pisci Fauna. -Microorganisms including bacteria and virus are generally considered under the animal kingdom, they are known as Microfauna. -All unknown and undiscovered animals are named as Cryptofauna.  The flora and fauna are important for the following reasons: Dr.Moodi Al-Subeie 1-Maintains Ecological Balance 2-Expansion of Local Economies 3-They are the main source of gene bank for all species