Concepts 1-3 Checked Slides PDF

# Phi is the limit ## The Divine Proportion - Divine Proportion or Golden Ratio, Phi - is defined to be the ratio obtained by dividing a line segment into two unequal pieces such that the entire segment is to the longer piece as the longer piece is to the shorter. - A+B/A = 1.618 - A/B = 1....

# Phi is the limit ## The Divine Proportion - Divine Proportion or Golden Ratio, Phi - is defined to be the ratio obtained by dividing a line segment into two unequal pieces such that the entire segment is to the longer piece as the longer piece is to the shorter. - A+B/A = 1.618 - A/B = 1.618 ## A mass is oscillating on a spring - Simple Harmonic Motion - Position in equal time intervals: In studying vibrations it is advisable to begin with the simplest type: a one-dimensional vibration that has only a single frequency component = (a pure tone) ## Slices of the Universe - The 3-dimensional distribution of luminous matter has a "soap-bubble" appearance - The visible galaxies mostly on the surface of these soap bubbles - The superclusters appear as elongated strands where different soap bubbles come together - The clusters appear as bright spots on the strands corresponding to the superclusters - The soap bubbles surround large voids of approximately 150 million ly size that contain little easily seen matter ## Molecular Model of SHM - If the atoms in the molecule do not move too far, the force between them can be modeled as if there were springs between the atoms. - The potential energy acts similar to that of the SHM oscillator. ## Fundamental Questions - Where are we in the Universe? - Address: - Planet Earth - Solar System - Milky Way Galaxy - Local Group - Local Supercluster - Universe ## Fundamental Questions - Where are we in the Universe? - The earth is a planet in the solar system consisting of objects orbiting the star Sun. - The solar system is part of a galaxy called the Milky Way. - The Milky Way is part of a group of 40 galaxies called the Local Group. - The Local Group belongs to the Local Supercluster (also called Virgo Supercluster).